Transcript 新标准book3Unit 3

Unit 3
Art for Art’s Sake
Lead-in
Talking point
Serving
Debating
Active reading 1: Destination
Surveying
Work in pairs to discuss the topics.
1. What’s your favorite kind of music?
2. Why do you listen to music?
3. How do you listen to music?
Cultural Background
1. Johann Sebastian Bach
2. Well-Tempered Clavichord
Active reading 1: Embarkation
Johann Sebastian Bach
Make yourself informed of Johann Sebastian Bach.
Music is an agreeable harmony for
the honor of God and the
permissible delights of the soul.
There’s nothing remarkable about
it. All one has to do is hit the right
keys at the right time and the
instrument plays itself.
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Active reading 1: Embarkation
Script
What so fascinates us in Well-Tempered Clavichord is not
the form or the build of the piece, but the world-view that is
mirrored in it. It is not so much that we enjoy the WellTempered Clavichord as that we are edified by it. Joy, sorrow,
tears, lamentation, laughter—to all these it gives voice, but in
such a way that we are transported from the world of unrest to
a world of peace, and see reality in a new way, as if we were
sitting by a mountain lake and contemplating hills and woods
and clouds in the tranquil and fathomless water.
Bach does not depict natural soul-states, like Beethoven in
his sonatas, no striving and struggling towards a goal, but the
reality of life felt by a spirit always conscious of being superior
to life, a spirit in which the most contradictory emotions,
Back
Active reading 1
Difficult sentences
Words to note
Active reading 1: Resources
Difficult sentence 1
For lack of a better terminology, one might name these: (1)
the sensuous plane, (2) the expressive plane, (3) the
sheerly musical plane.
1. In what situation do you say lack of a better
terminology?
When introducing rather inexact terms. It means
“since we don’t have any exact terms, I’m going to
use these rather rough terms”.
2. Does the word sensuous suggest pleasure which
relates to your physical senses, or to your emotions
and thoughts?
Pleasure which relates to our physical senses.
由于缺乏更好的术语，我们姑且把它们命名为：（1）感官层次；
（2）表现层次；（3）纯音乐层次。
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Active reading 1: Resources
Difficult sentence 2
The only advantage to be gained from mechanically splitting
up the listening process into these hypothetical planes is the
clearer view to be had of the way in which we listen.
1. Why does the writer call these planes hypothetical?
The word hypothetical means to be based on
situations or events that seem possible rather than on
actual ones. Here, the planes are not real, they are
just part of a model for analysis and discussion.
2. Who benefits from the division? What’s the benefit?
Music listeners get a clearer idea about what is
happening while listening to music.
把听的过程机械地分割为以上三个假想的层次，唯一好处是让
我们更清楚地了解自己是怎样听音乐的。
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Active reading 1: Resources
Difficult sentence 3
Music allows them to leave it... dreaming because of and
apropos of the music yet never quite listening to it.
1. What does apropos of mean?
It means “relating to”; it is used to introduce something
else about the subject we are talking about.
2. What makes listeners dream? Do they understand
what they are listening?
The musical sound brings listeners into an ideal world,
but in fact these listeners hear music without thinking
about it.
音乐允许他们离开现实，到另一个地方去做梦，因为音乐而做
梦，做有关音乐的梦，却从没有真正欣赏过音乐。
More
Active reading 1: Resources
Difficult sentence 4
Yes, the sound appeal of music is a potent and primitive force,
but you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of
your interest... but it does not constitute the whole story.
1. What does you must not allow it to usurp a
disproportionate share of your interest mean?
Don’t let it take up a wrong amount of your interest.
2. What does it does not constitute the whole story mean?
There is more to it than this. People listen to music not
merely because it can bring us physical pleasure.
音乐的声音魅力是一种潜在的和原始的力量，但是，千万不要
让它不合比例地侵占你的兴趣。感官的层次是音乐中重要的层
次，非常重要的层次，但是它并不组成整体。
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Active reading 1: Resources
Difficult sentence 5
After all, an actual musical material is being used. He must hear
the melodies, the rhythms, the harmonies, the tone colors in a
more conscious fashion.
What do the musical materials refer to?
The musical materials refer to the elements of music.
They are melody, rhythm, harmony, tone color, and
form.
毕竟乐曲使用的是实实在在的音乐材料。聪明的听众一定要做好
准备，随时提升自己对音乐材料的及这些材料的使用的理解。他
必须要更加有意识地倾听音乐的旋律、节奏、和弦及音色。
Active reading 1: Resources
qualified
adj. able to do sth. because you have the knowledge, skill,
or experience that is needed
Answer the questions.
1. If you are a highly qualified doctor, what do you
qualification have?
You have lots of medical qualifications.
2. If a job advertisement asks for fully qualified
engineers, what does it expect?
It expects people with degrees in engineering and work
experiences to apply.
3. If someone is well qualified to give an opinion, who
are they?
They are experts on the topic for which they are
asked to give an opinion.
Active reading 1: Resources
potent
adj. powerful or effective
Translate the following sentences.
1. Beauty is potent, but morality is omnipotent.
美貌固有力，道德力无穷。
2. 这药物对你的病疗效很好。
The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.
Answer the question.
What has emerged as a potent force in
advertising new thoughts?
Internet.
Active reading 1: Resources
constitute
v. to make up or form sth.
Rewrite the sentence with the word or phrase in
brackets, keeping the same meaning.
England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
constitute Great Britain.
is made up of England, Scotland,
1. Great Britain ____________________________________
Wales and Northern Ireland.
_____________________________________
(make up)
is composed of England, Scotland,
2.Great Britain___________________________________
Wales and Northern Ireland.
______________________________________
(compose)
consists of England, Scotland, Wales
3.Great Britain ____________________________________
______________________________________
(consist of)
and Northern Ireland.
Active reading 1: Resources
proclaim
v. to state sth. publicly or to announce sth.
officially
Discuss ways to help memorize proclaim.
proclaim
pro
往前、向前
宣称
claim
喊、叫
exclaim
ex
往外
claim
喊、叫
呼喊
reclaim
re
往回
claim
喊、叫
要求归还
Active reading 1: Resources
melody
n. a tune or song, esp, a simple one
Translate the sentences.
1. 美妙的音乐在我心中回荡。
The beautiful melody is lingering in my mind.
2. 他用竖琴演奏了一首爱尔兰曲调。(竖琴harp）
He played an Irish melody on the harp.
Listen to a melodious song and guess its name.
Unchained melody, the theme
song of the movie, Ghost.
Active reading 1: Resources
rhythm
n. a regular, repeated pattern of sounds or movements
in speech, dancing, music, etc.
Translate the sentence.
他在桌子上打拍子。
He tapped out the rhythm on the table.
Listen to a recording and complete the sentences.
rhythm of the falling rain
Listen to the _______
Telling me just what a fool I’ve been
in vain
I wish that it would go and let me cry ________
And let me be alone again
gone away
The only girl I care about has _____________
brand new start
Looking for a _____________
But little does she know that when she left that day
Along with her she took my heart
Active reading 1: Resources
clarity
n. the ability to be easily understood
Complete the sentences with the words in the column.
clarify
clarification
clarity
clarity of
1. She was known for her quick wit and _________
thought/purpose/vision.
clarification of any
2. Please contact us if you require _____________
of these matters.
clarify your remarks?
3. Could you _________
Clarity of diction is vital for a public speaker.
4. _________
Active reading 1: Resources
analogy
n. a comparison between two situations, processes etc
that is intended to show that the two are similar
Complete the sentences.
drawing/making analogies
1. Our manager is fond of _________________
between business and school.
2. If you understand this point, you can understand the
rest ________
analogy.
by
to
3. Remote voting via the Internet is analogous _____
absentee voting and will have the same kinds of
problems.
What’s the difference between analogy, simile & metaphor?
Unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison
on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel
between two unlike things that have several common
qualities or points of resemblance.
Guided writing
Listing items
Semi-controlled practice
Tips
Guided writing
Structuring adverbs
How to list items, or to organize a succession of ideas?
Using structuring adverbs at the beginning of the sentence:
First / Firstly, Second / Secondly, Third / Thirdly, Last /
Lastly / Finally, Last but not least …
Are there any alternatives?
Alternatively we can use first, second, another etc as
adjectives: The third plane on which music exists is the
sheerly musical plane.
Don’t overuse structuring words, especially with
longer lists. For example, a list of questions
would have been less effective if broken up by
firstly, secondly etc.
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Guided writing
Structuring adverbs
Rewrite the summary using structuring adverbs.
＞
Beethoven completely changed the course of
First,
Western music, in a number of ways. He introduced
＞
＞
a new expressive style which became known as
Second,
“romantic”. He changed the form of orchestral
Third,
music, especially the symphony. He pushed the
possibilities of solo instruments, such as the piano
and the violin, to new limits. He wrote most of his
greatest works when he was deaf.
• IV. Presentation and exercises
Active reading 1: Resources