Transcript Bloodborne Pathogens - Ashland School District

Bloodborne Pathogens
Overview
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Definitions
HIV
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Exposure Control Plan
Signs/Labels
Precautions
Reporting/Follow-up procedures
Definitions
Bloodborne Pathogens:
Pathogenic micro-organisms in human blood that can cause disease in
humans
Other Potential Infectious Materials (OPIM) :
1. Human blood components and/or products
2. Semen
3. Vaginal secretions
4. Cerebrospinal fluid
5. Synovial fluid (joints)
6. Pleural fluid (chest)
7. Pericardial fluid (heart)
8. Peritoneal fluid (abdomen)
9. Amniotic fluid (childbirth)
10. Saliva in dental procedures
11. Any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood
12. Any fluids in which differentiation of body fluid types is difficult
HIV (Human Immuno-deficiency Virus)
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Virus that causes AIDS
Passed from one person to another through blood-toblood and sexual contact
Cannot live more than several hours outside of host
Most people with HIV will develop AIDS as a result of
their infection
Currently no cure, but those infected live longer than
decades ago
HIV
These bodily fluids DO
SPREAD the HIV virus…
These bodily fluids MAY
SPREAD the HIV virus…
Blood
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk
Other body fluids containing blood
Cerebrospinal fluid (brain)
Synovial fluid (joints)
Amniotic fluid (child birth)
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
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A virus that attacks the
liver
100 times more likely to
contract HBV than HIV
Can stay alive in dried
blood for up to one year
HBV vaccination
available to ALL who
have occupational
exposure
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Body Fluids that transfer HBV
Blood
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Other body fluids containing blood
Symptoms of HBV
Feeling
of stomach flu
Loss of appetite
Fatigue
Abdominal cramps
Nausea or vomiting
Dark yellow or brown urine
Pale or white-colored bowel
movements
Jaundice (yellow eyes or skin)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
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Most common chronic bloodborne infection in the
United States
Only transmitted by blood to blood contact
Most common exposure is through intravenous drug
use
Only survives outside of the host for a few hours
Written Exposure Control Plan (ECP)
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What potential exposures exist
Implementation details
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Company’s policies to control BBP exposure
Hepatitis B vaccination and follow-up
Employee training
Recordkeeping
The procedures for reported incidents
Employer must make sure a copy of the ECP is
available to all employees
Must be reviewed and updated annually and whenever
jobs/tasks/procedures are changed
Labels/Signs
Labels
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Must be on any containers
containing blood/OPIM or
regulated waste disposal,
refrigerators, etc.
Biohazard symbol
Fluorescent orange/red
Red bags/containers can substitute
for labels
Signs
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Posted at entrance to specified
work areas
Fluorescent orange/red
Bearing the following legend:
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Name of the infectious agent
Special requirements for entering
area
Name, phone number of
responsible person
Universal Precautions
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Differentiation between body fluid types is difficult, all
body fluids must be considered as infectious materials
Always use proper PPE
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Nitrile Gloves
Safety glasses
Face Shield
Apron
Hand washing
Precautions- Engineering
Examples
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Sharps disposal
containers
Self sheathing needles
Mechanical needle
recapping device
Where engineering controls will reduce employee exposure
either by removing, eliminating or isolating the hazard, they
must be used.
Precautions- Engineering
Sharps containers must be:
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Puncture resistant
Properly labeled or color-coded for biohazards
Leak proof on the sides and bottom
Impossible for employees to reach into the container by
hand to retrieve sharps
Conveniently located to work area
Maintained in upright position
Replaced or emptied routinely, not allowed to overfill
Precautions- Administrative/PPE
Examples:
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Employer provided PPE
Prohibiting recapping of needles using a two-handed
technique
Flushing mucous membranes after contact with body
areas with blood or OPIM
Appropriate procedures for laundry handling
Hand washing
Precautions- House Cleaning
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Always wear proper PPE
Gloves (Latex or nitrile)
 Safety glasses/Face Shield
 Apron
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Never blindly reach into a trash can
Needles put into sharps containers
Sweep up any sharp objects
Use of biohazard containers
Precautions- House Cleaning
Cleaning up blood or OPIM
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Use a BBP spill kit
Wear proper PPE
If necessary, apply chlorinated absorbent to the liquid on ground
Scoop up all absorbed blood or OPIM and dispose of into red
bio-hazard bag
Clean area with disposable towels soaked in approved
disinfectant
Dispose of towels into red bio-hazard bag
Wipe surface with germicidal wipe
Once area is cleaned up, dispose of gloves into red bio-hazard
bag
Use antimicrobial hand wipes and wash hands immediately
Precautions- House Cleaning
Regulated Waste
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Blood in liquid or semi-liquid form
Items that would release blood or OPIM if
compressed
Contaminated sharps
Items caked with dried blood or OPIM
Precautions- House Cleaning
Laundry Handling
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Always wear appropriate PPE (gloves, apron,
etc.)
Use bags or containers marked with biohazard
symbol for laundry soaked in infectious waste
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Can use red bags or containers instead
Put into secondary container if leaks are
possible
Never wash with normal laundry or in same
machines
Reporting/Follow-up Procedures
If exposure occurs:
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Wash the exposed area of skin or flush mucous
membrane with large amounts of water
Report it immediately
 How, when, where
 Whose blood or exactly what happened
The Hepatitis B vaccination
 Recommended regardless of source’s HBV status
It is up to you
Reporting/Follow-up Procedures
The employer must:
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Document the route of the exposure and how the
exposure occurred
Identify and document the source individual if feasible
and not prohibited by law
Obtain consent and test source individual’s blood as
soon as possible
Provide the exposed employee with the test results of
source’s blood test and inform about applicable
disclosure laws (HIPAA)
Obtain consent, collect, and test exposed employee’s
blood as soon as possible after the incident
Reporting/Follow-up Procedures
The employer:
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Provides the employee with a copy of a written opinion
from the health care professional within 15 days of the
evaluation stating two things
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HBV vaccination
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Post-exposure evaluation
Questions
Special Districts Association of Oregon
Loss Control Department
503-371-8667
800-285-5461