Transcript BBP for GTL and GTM

Blood borne Pathogens Training
for Ground Team Members &
Leaders
Developed as part of the National
Emergency Services Curriculum Project
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
1
What are Bloodborne
Pathogens?
• BBPs are disease causing microorganisms
that may be present in human blood. They
may be transmitted with any exposure to
blood or other potentially infectious
material.
– Two pathogens of significance are Hepatitis B
Virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
2
What is Hepatitis B?
• One of the five viruses that causes
illness directly affecting the liver
• Major cause of viral hepatitis which is
preventable through immunization
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
3
Hepatitis B Symptoms
• Weakness, Fatigue, Anorexia, Nausea,
Abdominal pain, Fever, Headache, Possible
jaundice( a yellow discoloration of the skin)
• Blood will test positive for the HBV surface
antigen within 2 to 6 weeks after symptoms
develop
• May show no symptoms, and therefore not
be diagnosed
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
4
HBV Facts
• 200 out of 8700 health care workers contracting
Hepatitis B yearly will die
• HBV is more persistent than HIV in that it is able to
survive for at least a week in dried blood on
environmental surfaces or contaminated
instruments
• Approximately 85% of patients recover in 6 to 8
weeks
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
5
What is HIV?
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a virus that
infects immune system T4 blood cells in humans
and renders them less effective in preventing
disease
• It is the virus identified as being responsible for
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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HIV Symptoms
• Night sweats, Weight loss, Fever, Fatigue,
Gland pain or swelling, Muscle or joint pain
• May feel fine and not be aware of exposure
to HIV for as much as 8 to 10 years
• Blood tests may not show positive for as
long as a year, and therefore multiple tests
may be required to determine if the person
has been infected
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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HIV Facts
• Estimates in the US say that 1 out of 250 people
are infected with HIV
• There are over 100 case reports of health care
workers whose HIV infection is associated
with occupational exposure
• Over 200,000 AIDS patients have been
reported to the CDC, 84 of which are health
care workers with no other identified reason
for infection
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Exposure Prevention for
Bloodborne Pathogens
•
•
•
•
Engineering Controls
Work Practice Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
Universal Precautions
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
9
Engineering Controls
• Structural or mechanical devices CAP provides
for its’ ES personnel
–
–
–
–
Hand washing facilities
Eye wash stations
Sharps containers
Biohazard labels
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
10
Work Practice Controls
• The behaviors necessary to use engineering
controls effectively
– Using sharps containers
– Using an eye wash station
– Washing your hands after removal of personal
protective equipment
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
11
Work Practice Controls
Continued
• Hand washing is considered to be the most effective
method of preventing transmission of BBPs
• Alternatives such as hand cleaners and towelettes
are acceptable alternatives for those without ready
access to wash facilities, but the individual should
still wash their hands with soap and warm water
after contact with blood or other possible infectious
material
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
12
Work Practice Controls
Continued
• Procedures involving blood or other potentially
infectious material will be performed in such a way
as to minimize or eliminate splashing, spraying,
splattering, and generation of droplets of these
substances
• Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or
lip balm, and handling contact lenses is prohibited
in work areas where exposure is likely
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Personal Protective
Equipment
• Equipment provided by CAP at no cost to you,
which it is to your advantage to use, and should be
reported to supervisors when not in working order
–
–
–
–
Latex gloves
Masks
Aprons, Gowns, or Tyvek suits
Face shields
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Personal Protective
Equipment Continued
• Whenever you need to wear a face mask,
you must also wear eye protection
• When wearing personal glasses, you
must use side shields and plan to
decontaminate your glasses and side
shields according to schedule
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Personal Protective
Equipment Continued
• Personal protective Equipment is acceptable if it
prevents blood or other possible infectious
material from contaminating work clothes, street
clothes, undergarments, skin, eyes, mouth, or
other mucous membranes.
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What is wrong with this
picture?
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Use your Personal
Protective Equipment!
Answer: Rubber Gloves were not worn for the
patient survey
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Removing Gloves
Grasp the outer surface of one
glove with the other gloved
hand "rubber to rubber" and
pull off the glove. Discard the
glove into the designated
receptacle.
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
Removing the second
glove. Note that the
person touches only the
"inside" surface of the
glove with his bare
hand.
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Contaminated Clothing
• Your clothing may be exposed to potentially
infectious materials, and must be handled
appropriately if that happens
– Clearly label contaminated materials and put them into
separate leak proof containers to be sent to a facility
following OSHA standard
– Don't handle contaminated clothing more than
absolutely necessary
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Contaminated Clothing
Removal
• Remove it in such a way as to avoid contact with
the outer surface
– Rolling the garment as it is pulled toward removal
will decrease chance of contact with the
contaminated area
– After rolling it up, carefully pull it off to avoid
contact
– If it cannot be removed without contamination, it is
recommended that the item be cut off
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Universal Precautions
• The concept that all blood and certain body fluids
are to be treated as if contaminated with HIV,
HBV, or other BBPs
– Acceptable alternative is Body Substance Isolation:
The treating of all fluids and substances as infectious
– Personal protective equipment like gloves and a mask
must be used whenever you might be exposed to blood
or other potentially infectious materials
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Materials Requiring
Universal Precautions
•
•
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•
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•
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Blood
Cerebrospinal fluid
Synovial fluid
Pleural fluid
Any body fluid with visible blood
Any unidentifiable body fluid
Saliva from dental procedures
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Materials NOT Requiring
Universal Precautions
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•
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Feces
Nasal secretions
Sputum
Sweat
Tears
Urine
Vomitus
If there is visible blood then all bets are off
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Surface Disinfections
• Surfaces can be decontaminated with
one of many commercial products
– Check label directions for use
• A bleach solution can be mixed 1:10
with water to disinfect areas
– The solution should be made fresh
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Biohazard Materials
Biohazard symbol used to identify biohazard
materials
Protective gloves
Protective face mask with eye shield
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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Biohazard Materials
Continued
Sharps containers to hold contaminated
needles, scalpels, or other sharp instruments
Tyvek protective suits for biohazard scenes
such as accident sites.
Biohazard kit for clean up.
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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BBP Tasks
• General Emergency Services Personnel
– O-0901: Demonstrate knowledge of BBPs
• Ground Team Members
– O-0902: Exercise Universal Precautions
• Ground Team Leaders
– O-0903: Use a BBP Protective Suit
Any products shown are for illustrative purposes only.
Civil Air Patrol or the United States Air Force endorses,
guarantees, or recommends no specific product, business, or
services.
BBP.ppt
Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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QUESTIONS?
THINK SAFETY
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Last Revised: 10 June 2003
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