Transcript Document

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
Sponge- Pg 44
1. Hypothesize what you think the white blood
cell is doing in this picture.
2. Hypothesize why you do not get sick
EVERYTIME disease causing germs invade your
body.
White blood cell
E. Coli (bacteria)
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
Sponge
1. Hypothesize what you think the white blood cell is
doing in this picture?
The white blood cell is attacking the invader
2. Hypothesize why you not get sick EVERYTIME
disease causing germs invade your body?
The white blood cells attack and destroy invaders
before you get ill. They protect you.
White blood cell
E. Coli
Set
Cornell Notesand
on pg.
31.1upPathogens
Human Illness
45
Pathogens
and Human Illness
2.131.1
Atoms,
Ions,
•Topic: 31.1 Pathogens and and Molecules
Human Illness
•Essential Question(s):
1. On pg. 44 please create
a double-bubble map,
comparing and
contrasting viruses and
bacteria using the book,
notes, and videos, and
REAL LIFE examples of
each.
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
KEY CONCEPT
Germs cause many diseases in humans.
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Diseases caused by germs, such as the E. Coli bacteria
can be fatal (death)
• 1330-1352, the bacteria that caused the “Black Death” or
the Plague originated from fleas on rats
– Killed approx.
100-200 MILLION
people
– New diseases
-
HIV
SARS
Avian Flu (bird flu)
Swine Flu
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Germ theory proposed that microorganisms cause
diseases.
– led to rapid advances in understanding disease
– Can be infectious (polio, flu), caused by germs
– or noninfectious (cancer, heart disease), caused by
genes or lifestyle
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Disease-causing agents are called pathogens.
• What would happen if pathogens were eliminated?
– We wouldn’t get sick
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
There are different types of pathogens.
• Bacteria are single-celled
organisms.
– cause illness by
destroying cells
– release toxic chemicals
– Can be treated/killed with
antibiotics or antiseptics
–
–
–
–
Exs:
E. Coli
Salmonella
“Food Poisoning”
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Viruses are disease-causing strands of DNA or RNA
that are surrounded by a protein coat.
–
–
–
–
Take over a healthy (host) cell
Forces cells to produce more of the virus
Smaller than bacteria
Can be prevented with vaccines
– Exs:
– HIV
–
–
–
–
Influenza
Herpes
*Common Cold
AIDS
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Fungi can be multicellular or single-celled.
– take nutrients from host’s cells
– occur in warm and damp places
Ex: Athlete’s foot, yeast, mold
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Protozoa are single-celled organisms
– Prey on other cells
– use host cells to complete their life cycles
– take nutrients from host cell
– Ex: Malaria, dysentery
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Parasites are multicellular organisms.
– grow and feed on a host
– possibly kill the host
Ex: Heart worm
Round worm
Elephantiasis- mosquitos
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Vectors any person or animal that carries and transmits a
pathogen to another living organism.
• Direct contact requires touching an infected individual.
Includes:
– kissing
– sexual intercourse
– hand shaking
– bite
tick
Ex:
Lime Disease- ticks
Malaria- mosquito
West Nile Virus- mosquito
Rabies- rabid animal
HIV- infected person
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
Pathogens can enter the body in different ways.
• Direct contact require an infected person or animal to
physically touch a healthy person
• Ex: Rabies, HIV
• Indirect contact does not require touching an infected
individual.
• Ex: SARS, TB
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
• Different pathogens cause common infectious diseases.
31.2 Immune System
Classwork/Homework
On pg 44 please draw a doublebubble map comparing and
contrasting bacteria and viruses
(pg. 942 & notes & Videos)
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
Viruses vs. Bacteria Videos
Viruses
• Viruses
• How Viruses Work
• The Influenza
Pandemic of 1918
Bacteria
• Bacteria
• Beneficial Bacteria
• Harmful Bacteria
• Add notes on the videos to your Double-Bubble Map
Focus:
• How viruses use our cells against us
• Beneficial bacteria vs. Harmful bacteria
31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness
Beneficial Bacteria
• Decomposers
– Break down dead material
• Soil
– Makes it fertile so plants can
grow
• Intestines
– Aids in digestion
– Produces vitamins
• Food
– Cheese, sour cream, yogurt
• Medicine– help fight diseases
• Sewage Treatment
• Oil spills
Harmful Bacteria
• Take over ponds, etc.
– Kills existing life
• Food
– Grows on food (spoils)
• Mouth
– Feed on food in between
teeth
- Must brush and floss
• Infect
– Open sores
• Difficult to kill
– May have a slippery outer
capsule
31.2 Immune System
Smaller than Bacteria
Single- celled
Have a protein
coat
Pathogens
HIV
E. Coli
Bacteria
Release toxic
chemicals
microscopic
Infectious
Viruses
Flu
Force cells to
produce more
virus
Common cold
Larger than
viruses