Transcript Baroque Vocal Music

Baroque Vocal
Music
Higher
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Baroque
1600-1750
• The fashion was for ornamentation everywhere.
• Musicians adapted the word to describe the
musical styles of this time.
• Sacred music was particularly popular at the time
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
A useful table
• Write the subtitle
“ways to perform
using the voice”
• Glue this very useful
table into your jotter
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Concept
Definition
Accompanied
One or more instruments support the melody
Unaccompanied
No instruments support the
melody
Unison
Two or more people sing the same line. (also applies
to instruments).
Single Line
One musical part
Harmony
Two or more parts performing different notes
A capella
A cappella is Italian for "in the style of the
chapel".
Vocal music with no accompaniment.
Vibrato
The singer makes the note they are singing waver
in pitch very slightly bringing warmth to the
tone of their voice.
Register
How high or low a voice is
Syllabic
(word setting)
Where each syllable has a new note
Melismatic
(word setting)
Where each syllable has many notes
Accompanied or
Unaccompanied
• One or more
instruments support
the melody
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• No instruments
support the melody
Unison or Harmony
• Two or more people
sing the same line
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
• Two or more parts
performing different
notes
Syllabic or Melismatic
• Where each syllable
has a new note
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
• Where each syllable
has many notes
Vibrato
• The singer makes the note they are singing
waver in pitch very slightly bringing warmth
to the tone of their voice.
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
A cappella
• A cappella is Italian for
"in the style of the
chapel".
• Vocal music with no
accompaniment.
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Oratorio
• Story from the Bible set to
music
• No costumes or scenery
• In English
• Accompanied by an
orchestra
• Can include
–
–
–
–
Recitative
Aria
Duet
Chorus
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‘He Shall Feed His Flock’ from Handel’s ‘Messiah’
Cantata
•
•
•
•
•
•
A small scale Oratorio
Story from the Bible set to music
No costumes or scenery
In German
Accompanied by an orchestra
Can include
–
–
–
–
Recitative
Aria
Duet
Chorus
Bach: ‘Gloria sei dir gesungen’
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Passion
• A type of Oratorio which is based on the Crucifixion of
Christ
• Story from the Bible set to music
• No costumes or scenery
• In German
• Accompanied by an orchestra
• Can include
–
–
–
–
Recitative
Aria
Duet
Chorus
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Chorale
• Music which is sung by the congregation at a
church service
• In German
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Opera
• A secular drama set to music which is performed on a stage
in a theatre
• No spoken dialogue
• Singers have trained voices.
• Costumes and Scenery
• Music includes
–
–
–
–
Recitative
Aria
Duet
Chorus
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Opera
Synopsis
Act 1
•
A chorus of nymphs and shepherds join Orfeo around the tomb of his
wife Euridice in a solemn chorus of mourning; Orfeo is only able to utter
Euridice's name. Amore appears, telling Orfeo that he may go to the
Underworld and return with his wife on the condition that he not look at
her until they are back on earth As encouragement, Amore informs Orfeo
that his present suffering shall be short-lived. Orfeo resolves to take on
the quest.
Act 2
•
In a rocky landscape, the Furies refuse to admit Orfeo to the Underworld,
and When Orfeobegs for pity he is at first interrupted by cries of "No!"
from the Furies, but they are eventually let him in.
•
The second scene opens in Elysium. Orfeo arrives and marvels at the
purity of the air . But he finds no solace in the beauty of the surroundings,
for Euridice is not yet with him. He implores the spirits to bring her to him,
which they do.
Act 3
•
On the way out of Hades, Euridice is delighted to be returning to earth,
but Orfeo, remembering the condition related by Amore in Act I, lets go
of her hand and refuses to look at her, does not explain anything to her.
She does not understand his action and reproaches him, but he must
suffer in silence Euridice takes this to be a sign that he no longer loves
her, and refuses to continue, concluding that death would be preferable.
Unable to take any more, Orfeo turns and looks at Euridice; again, she
dies.
•
Orfeo decides he will kill himself to join Euridice in Hades, but Amore
returns to stop him. In reward for Orfeo's continued love, Amore returns
Euridice to life, and she and Orfeo are reunited.
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
‘Orpheus and Eurydice’ by Gluck
Aria
• A song for solo voice
• Accompanied by
orchestra
• Basso Continuo
• Beautiful melody
‘Ave Maria’ arranged by Gounod
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Da Capo Aria
• An aria in ternary form (ABA).
• Sometimes A is repeated with ornaments.
• Handel: ‘Lascia ch’io pianga’
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Recitative
• Sung speech
• Often before an aria
• Chordal accompaniment
• Basso Continuo
• Used to move the story along
‘There Were Shepherds’ from Handel’s ‘Messiah’
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Chorus
• A group of singers
• Each part has several singers
• SATB Choir
• Often accompanied by orchestra
• Basso Continuo
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Mass
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Mass
• Originally used in church worship
• Based on the text of the Roman Catholic
Eucharist
• In Latin
• Large-scale work for chorus and soloists,
accompanied by the orchestra
• In the Baroque era, a basso continuo would
be present
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Liturgy
You need to learn the names of these sections
so that you can recognise them when you
hear the Latin words.
Kyrie
Gloria
Benedictus
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
Credo
Sanctus
Agnus Dei
The 6 sections
Kyrie
Lord have mercy,
Christ have mercy.
Sanctus
Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord
God of Hosts; Heaven
and earth are full of
Your glory.
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Gloria
Credo
Celebratory section
praising God and
Christ.
• This is the longest
text of the Mass
Setting of the Nicene
Creed
Benedictus
Agnus Dei
• This is a continuation • This is a setting of the
of the Sanctus
‘Lamb of God’ –
symbolic of Jesus.
Blessed is he who comes
in the name of the
Lamb of God, you who
Lord.
take away the sins of
the world.
Next Listening Lesson
• Come up with a pneumonic to help you
remember the 6 sections in a mass:
• Kyrie, Credo, Sanctus, Benedictus, Gloria,
Agnus Dei
• CONCEPT TEST: on all of Baroque Vocal
Music
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School
•Badgers
•Sometimes
•Kiss
•And
•Cuddle
•Giraffes
Written by I. Horning King's Park Secondary School