Transcript Pancreatitis Pd 9

Pancreatitis
Unsha Bakker Albert Espinal
Kristie Pimentel Cindy De la Rosa
PERIOD 9 - CRULL
What is the pancreas?
The pancreas is a gland organ located in the
digestive and endocrine system.
It produces several hormones including insulin,
glucagon, and secretes pancreatic juice containing
digestive enzymes that can go to the small
intestine.
As pancreatic juices are created, they go into the
main pancreatic duct.
The duct connects the pancreas to the liver and
gallbladder.
These enzymes aid the breakdown of
carbohydrates, protein, fat in the chyme.
Pancreatitis
• Pancreatitis is inflammation or
infection of the pancreas.
When the pancreas is
inflamed, the enzymes inside it
attack and damage the tissues
that produce them.
• Pancreatitis can be acute or
chronic. Either form is serious
and can lead to complications.
• In severe cases, bleeding,
infection, and permanent
tissue damage may occur.
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Symptoms
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Symptoms may include:
Abdominal pain
Chills
Clammy skin
Fatty stools
Fever
Mild jaundice
Nausea
Sweating
Weakness
Weight loss
Vomiting
Acute Pancreatitis
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Acute pancreatitis is when the pancreas swells or is in the
state of inflammation.
This occurs suddenly and usually slows down within a few
days of treatment.
Each year, about 210,000 people in the United States are
admitted to the hospital with acute pancreatitis.
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is the
existence of gallstones—small, pebble-like substances
made of hardened bile—that cause inflammation in the
pancreas as they pass through the common bile duct.
Acute pancreatitis can occur within hours or as long as 2
days after consuming alcohol.
Other causes of acute pancreatitis include abdominal
trauma, medications, infections, tumors, and genetic
abnormalities of the pancreas.
Symptoms and Treatments
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Gradual or sudden pain in the upper
abdomen that sometimes extends
through the back.
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The pain may be mild at first and feel
worse after eating.
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Other symptoms may include
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a swollen and tender abdomen
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nausea and vomiting
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fever
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a rapid pulse
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Severe acute pancreatitis may cause
dehydration and low blood pressure.
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The heart, lungs, or kidneys can fail.
If bleeding occurs in the pancreas,
shock and even death may follow.
•Few days’ stay in the hospital for intravenous
(IV) fluids, antibiotics, and medication to relieve
pain.
•The person cannot eat or drink so the pancreas
can rest.
•If vomiting occurs, the person may need a tube
to be placed through the nose and into the
stomach in order to get rid of fluid and air.
•Before leaving the hospital, the person is usually
advised not to smoke, drink alcoholic beverages,
or eat fatty meals.
• In some cases, the cause of the pancreatitis is
highly detected but in others, more tests are
needed after the person is released from the
hospital and the pancreas is healed.
Chronic Pancreatitis
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Inflammation of the pancreas that
does not heal or improve and
over time usually leads to
permanent damage.
Occurs when digestive enzymes
attack the pancreas and nearby
tissues, which causes pain.
Often develops in people who are
between the ages of 30 and 40.
The most common cause of is
many years of heavy alcohol use.
Can be triggered by one acute
attack that damages the
pancreatic duct.
The damaged duct causes the
pancreas to become inflamed.
Scar tissue develops and the
pancreas slowly destroys itself.
Symptoms and Treatments
•Experience upper abdominal pain, although some
people may have no pain at all
•The pain may spread to the back, feel worse
when eating or drinking, and become constant
and disabling.
•In some cases, abdominal pain goes away as the
condition worsens, most likely because the
pancreas is no longer making digestive enzymes.
•Other symptoms include
•nausea
•vomiting
•weight loss
•diarrhea
•oily stools
• People may lose weight, even when their
appetite and eating habits are normal.
•The weight loss occurs because the body does
not secrete enough pancreatic enzymes to digest
food, so nutrients are not absorbed normally.
•Poor digestion leads to malnutrition due to
•May require hospitalization for pain management, IV
hydration, and nutritional support.
•Feedings may be necessary for several weeks if the
person continues to lose weight.
• If the pancreas does not secrete enzymes on its own,
the doctor may prescribe synthetic pancreatic enzymes.
•The enzymes should be taken with every meal to help
the person digest food and regain some weight.
• A nutritious diet is then required, low in fat/ small
frequent meals
•Drinking plenty of fluids with the limitation of caffeinated
beverages
• Advised not to smoke or consume alcoholic beverages
•Surgery may be necessary to remove part of the
pancreas.
Avoiding Pancreatitis
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Do not consume dairy (milk, cheese, eggs, and ice
cream), wheat (gluten), soy, corn, preservatives, and
chemical food additives.
Eat foods high in B-vitamins and iron, such as whole
grains, dark leafy greens (such as spinach and kale), and
sea vegetables.
Eat antioxidant foods, including fruits (such as
blueberries, cherries, and tomatoes), and vegetables
(such as squash and bell pepper).
Avoid refined foods, such as white breads, pastas, and
sugar.
Eat fewer red meats and more lean meats, cold-water
fish, tofu or beans for protein.
Use healthy oils for cooking, such as olive oil or
vegetable oil.
Eliminate consumption of trans-fatty acids, found in
commercially baked goods such as cookies, crackers,
cakes, French fries, onion rings, donuts, processed
foods, and margarine.
Avoid coffee, alcohol, and tobacco.
Drink 6 - 8 glasses of filtered water everyday.
Exercise moderately for 30 minutes daily, 5 days a week.