Transcript The Brain - AP Psychology

The Brain
Discuss the use of brain imaging
technologies in investigating the
relationship between biological factors
and behavior.
Modern technology and localization of
function
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Developed in 1929 by
Hans Berger
• Electrodes are placed
on the outside of the
head using a special cap
or helmet.
• Detect electrical activity
in the brain.
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Most widely used in sleep
research.
• It can measure what stage
of sleep you are in.
• 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
• REM (Rapid Eye
Movement)
• Not that accurate in
research showing us
localization of function.
Computed Tomography
• Combines computer
and x-ray technology.
• Images are taken from
all sides and look like
slices of the brain.
• GREAT for showing
structural changes in
the brain (like a tumor).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Our bodies are about 60%
water H2O.
• Uses a strong magnetic field
to push one proton of the
H2O off its orbit.
• When magnetic pulse
stops…the proton rushes
back to its orbit.
• It emits a small radio
frequency on its way back.
• The machine can detect
that radio frequency..taking
a picture of it.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Normally much more
safe that CT scan.
• But REALLY bad it you
have metal inside of
you….
• Very precise images
from any angle.
Functional MRI (fMRI)
• Uses MRI technology
but takes pictures of
only active areas (areas
with more blood).
• Great for showing brain
activity.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
• Inject a radioactive
substance in an
individual.
• Usually some radioactive
sugar that produces
gamma rays.
• When the brain
metabolizes (burns) the
sugar, the PET machine
will measure it.
• Great diagnostic tool for
showing abnormalities in
brain activity.
What studies can you use?
Maguire et al. (2000)
Fisher et al. (2003)