Transcript The Heart - Cloudfront.net

The Heart
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The heart=a muscular double pump with 2 functions
Overview
 The right side receives
oxygen-poor – sends to
lungs to oxygenate
 Its left side receives
oxygenated blood from
lung, sends to rest of body
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 Two circulations
 Systemic circuit:
blood vessels that
transport blood to
and from all the body
tissues
 Pulmonary circuit:
blood vessels that
carry blood to and
from the lungs
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Heart’s position in thorax
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CXR
(chest x ray)
Normal male
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Chest x rays
Normal female
Lateral (male)
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Starting from the outside…
Pericardium
-outer membrane
enclosing the
heart
Without most of pericardial layers
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Layers of the heart wall
 Epicardium- outer layer, protects the heart
by reducing friction
 Myocardium- consists of cardiac muscle
tissue, pumps heart
 Endocardium- inner lining of the heart,
contains blood vessels and elastic fibers
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Layers of pericardium and heart wall
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Chambers of the heart
sides are labeled in reference to the patient facing you
 Two atria
 Right atrium
 Left atrium
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 Two ventricles
 Right ventricle
 Left ventricle
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Septum
 Interatrial
Septum- Wall
separating right
and left Atria
 Interventricular
Septum- Wall
separating right
left ventricle
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Function of AV valves
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Superior Vena Cava
 Vein that carries deoxygenated blood from
upper body to the Right Atrium.
 Such as arms, neck, and head.
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Inferior Vena Cava
 Vein that carries deoxygenated blood from
lower body to the Right Atrium.
 Such as legs and lower torso
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Pulmonary Artery
 Carries blood from Right Ventricle to the
lungs to be oxygenated
 Splits into Right and Left for each lung.
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Pulmonary Veins
 Total of 4 Pulmonary Veins (2 from each
lung)
 Carries oxygenated blood from lungs back
into the heart’s Left Atrium
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Aorta
 Arched artery from Left Ventricle that supplies
body with oxygenated blood
 Ascending arteries supply upper body
 Descending supplies lower body
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Valves
 Pulmonary Valve
 Connects Right Ventricle to Pulmonary artery
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Valves
 Aortic Valve
 Connects Left Ventricle to Aorta
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Valves
 Tricuspid Valve
 Boundary between right Ventricle and atrium
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Valves
 Mitral Valve
 Connects Left Ventricle and Atrium
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more on valves
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12 lead EKG
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Artificial
Pacemaker
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Embryological development during week 4
(helps to understand heart defects)
(day 23)
(day 28)
(day 24)
Day 22, (b) in diagram, heart starts pumping
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Simplified flow: print and fill in details
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another flow chart
Veins on heart
Right and Left
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