Transcript Introduction to Echocardiography

Introduction to
Echocardiography
MOHAMMED R ARAFAH
MBBS FACP FRCPC FACC
PROFESSOR OF CARDIOLOGY
What is an Echo?
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Simply it is an ultrasound
of the heart using an
echo machine equipped
with a range of probes,
each has a spectrum of
frequencies
Other names for the
same modality are,
transthoracic echo or
TTE, cardiac Doppler
cardiac ultrasound or
ultrasonography,
What are types of
Echocardiography?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
M-Mode
2-D (2 Dimensional)
Color Doppler
TDI
Contrast
3-D
Strain and strain rate
4-D
What an Echo can do?
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Chamber size, thickness and function
Assess all cardiac valves
Assess hemodynamics
Congenital heart diseases
Some extracardiac shunts
Who can perform it?
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Obviously Echocardiologists as categorized
by ASE (American Society of
Echocardiography)
Cardiac Sonographers with proper and
formal training in the field
More Details!
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Echocardiography uses high-frequency sound waves (also called
ultrasound) that can provide a moving picture of your heart. The
sound waves are sent through the body with a device called a
transducer. The sound waves bounce off of the heart and return to
the transducer as echoes. The echoes are converted into images on
a television monitor to produce pictures of your heart.
One-dimensional or M-mode echocardiography is one beam of
ultrasound directed toward the heart. Doctors most often use Mmode echocardiography to see just the left side (or main pumping
chamber) of your heart.
Two-dimensional echocardiography produces a broader moving
picture of your heart. Two-dimensional echocardiography is one of
the most important diagnostic tools for doctors.
Doppler echocardiography measures blood flowing through the
arteries and shows the pattern of flow through the heart.
How?
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By taking the images
from different
windows such as
parasternal long axis
Or parasternal short
axis
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Apical 4 chambers
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Apical 2
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Apical 3
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Apical 5 with color
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S.S.N. (Suprasternal
Notch views)
Sub-Xyphoid or
Subcostal views
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M-Mode, first echo
modality.
Color Doppler (Small
ASD or PFO seen)
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Tissue Doppler
Spectral Tissue
Doppler
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Contrast Echo, apical
views
Contrast, short axis
views
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3-D, dilated
cardiomyopathy
3-D, Rheumatic Mitral
valve
Strain Imaging QAnalysis of Global
Hypokinesis
Strain Imaging QAnalysis Lateral Basal
Hypokinesis
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Real time 4D color full
volume imaging
Real time 4D,
parasternal long axis,
full volume imaging
How fascinating is an echo?
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Well it is hard to say that!
Simply because it might be fascinating for you
but catastrophic for others!!
And there is a proof to that!!!!!!!!
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Or
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How about this?
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This one is better!
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But, I prefer this
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Why not this?
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I like this
And million thanks for your attention!