Transcript HS_8-5_Intro to Medicine

Introduction to Medicine
Written by Melissa Redding
Career Exploration
Refer to your
Career Exploration for Mastery – Field of
Medicine Checklist
Rubric for Health Career Name Tag
Review Rubric
Introduction to Medicine Medical
Terminology and Abbreviations
Review Introduction to Medicine Medical
Terminology and Abbreviations Handout
Completion of Internet Research
Refer to Internet Research Assignment
Handout
Career Related Skills Rubric
Field of Medicine
Review Rubric
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
•
Who are the team players in the field
of medicine?
Resource:
Southwest Georgia AHEC’s Anatomy of
Health Careers DVD
Team Players
•
•
•
•
Physician
Physician Assistant
Medical Assistant
Certified Medical Assistant
MD
PA
MA
CMA
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
Can you organize the field of medicine
team players into an organizational
chart?
PHYSICIAN
PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT
MEDICAL ASSISTANT
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What are some of the
tools of the trade used
by team members in
the field of medicine?
Science in Medicine
Scientists, Physicians, Physician
Assistants and other healthcare
professionals work together to
learn about how the body is made
and how it works.
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What is a physician
specialist?
Medical Specialties
• Pediatrician
• Obstetrician
• Neurologist
• Pulmonologist
• Cardiologist
Anatomy - the science of the
structure of living organisms
Physiology - the basic processes
underlying the functioning of a
species or organism, or any of its
parts or processes.
Reference: The Free Medical Dictionary by Farlex
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/physiology
Essential Question
What does the inside
of the heart look
like?
Anatomy of the Heart
Inside the Heart
Cardiac – term referring to the Heart
Four Chambers of the Heart
• Right Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Left Atrium
• Left Ventricle
Four Valves of the Heart
•
•
•
•
Mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
More Anatomy of the Heart
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aorta
Artery
Superior Vena Cava
Vein
Pulmonary system
Oxygen
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What’s happening
when I feel my heart
beat?
BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE HEART
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
Website:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/
hhw/hhw_pumping.html
NOVA Website:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/heartm
ap.html
Flow of blood through the heart
from body (deoxygenated – blue)
From body
• Inferior Superior Vena Cava
• Right atrium
• Tricuspid Valve
• Right Ventricle
• Pulmonary Valve
• Pulmonary Artery
TO LUNGS
Flow of blood from lungs to heart
(oxygenated – red)
From lungs to
• Pulmonary vein
• Left Atrium
• Mitral Valve
• Left Ventricle
• Aorta
TO BODY
Circulatory System
Pulse – refers to the blood pumping through
your arteries
• Apical Pulse
• Radial Pulse
• Carotid Pulse
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What do the heart
and an Ipod have
in common?
I
my Ipod!!!
Both must have a source of
electricity, both can
provide an interesting
beat, both can be heard
with the human ear.
Conduction System
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
Website:
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/
hhw/hhw_electrical.html
• Sinoatrial Node (SA node) in right atrium
• EKG pattern of a normal sinus rhythm:
EKG Asystole video.flv
Assess your own Pulse
Activity #1
Step 1: Use one or two fingers to touch
(palpate) your radial pulse.
Step 2: Count the number of beats you
palpate for one minute. Record
this result.
Step 3: Repeat Step 2 three more times
and record all results.
Assess your own Pulse
Activity #2
Step 1: Locate your apical pulse using the
provided chart.
Step 2: Using a stethoscope, listen to or
auscultate your apical pulse.
Step 3: Count your apical pulse for one
minute and record this apical
pulse.
Step 4: Repeat Step 3 three more times
and record your results.
Radial vs. Apical Pulse
Compare your radial pulse count and your
apical pulse counts.
• Where they the same?
• Where they different?
• Discuss your thoughts about your analysis
of the two pulse results.
CONGRATULATIONS!
YOU USED SOME TOOLS
OF THE TRADE AND
SKILLS PRACTICED IN
THE FIELD OF MEDICINE!
TOOLS OF THE TRADE YOU USED
EYES, EARS, SENSE OF TOUCH,
CLOCK, PEN, PAPER AND A
STETHOSCOPE
AND
ASSESSMENT SKILLS YOU USED
PALPATION, AUSCULTATION, DATA
COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND
DOCUMENTATION!
Listen to the beat
• Listen these heart sounds from
Learning Cardiac Auscultation CD
produced by Cardionics,Inc.
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What are ways to
assess the heart?
More ways to assess the heart
• Palpation of pulse
• Auscultation of heart sounds
• EKG
• Echocardiogram
• Stress tests
INTERNET RESOURCE:
MedicineNET.com Topic: Heart Disease
www.medicinenet.com/heart_disease/article.net
Math in Medicine
How many times will your heart
beat in one year?
Enter the number of beats in 30 seconds: 40
CALCULATE to see your beats:
per minute: 80
Per hour: 4800
Per day: 115,200
Per year: 42,048,000
More Math in Medicine
How much blood does your heart
pump in one minute?
Reference for this math exercise: Science Museum of Minnesota
http://www.smm.org/heart/lessons/lesson2
Terms you need to know:
• Cardiac Output – amount of blood your heart pumps in
one minute
• Cardiac Index – how much blood is pumped per minute
for every square meter of body surface area
• Body Surface Area – refers to the amount of surface on
the outside of your body, for example, the amount of skin
surface you have
• Nomogram – a picture tool to help you solve a puzzle
Do this so you can calculate your
Cardiac Output
Step 1- Measure your height using the
height scale.
Step 2 – Measure your weight using the
weight scale.
Step 3 – Use the nomogram to determine
your body surface area per square meter.
Calculate your Cardiac Output
• Multiply your body surface area by the
Cardiac Index which is a given variable of
2.75 l/m2/minute.
Your math problem is set up this way:
Body Surface area in m2 from nomogram
X Cardiac Index of 2.75l/m2 = Cardiac
Output in ___liters minute
What is your Cardiac Output?
• Share your Cardiac Output results.
• How does your volume per minute
compare to a 2 liter beverage bottle?
Take it a few beats further…
• How much blood is pumped in an hour, a
day and in a year?
• If 4 liters per minute, 60 minutes in an hour
so 4 X 60 = 240 liters per hour.
• If 240 liters per hour, 24 hours in a day so
24 X 240 = 5760 liters per day.
• If 5760 liters per day, 365 days in a year
so 5760 X 365 = 2,102,400 liters per year.
2,102,400 liters of blood pumped
per year!
How many 2 liter Cokes in a year?
Compare the volume of liters of blood
pumped per year to volume of 2 liter
Cokes in a year.
That’s
TEN MILLION FIVE HUNDRED TWELVE
THOUSAND TWO (10,512,002) 2 liter
Cokes a year!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
The Cardiac Index: Where did in
come from?
How much blood the heart pumps for every
square meter of surface area, the cardiac
index, varies with the age of the individual.
For children ages 10 13, the average
cardiac index is 2.75 liters/m2/minute at a
resting state.
Heart Problems
Pathophysiology
It’s broken, can we fix it?
Pathophysiology: One example of
disease affecting the heart is
Coronary Artery Disease.
Activity #1: Work in pairs and complete your
Internet Assignment - Case
Study: Coronary Artery Disease
Activity #2: Class review of Internet
Assignment - Case Study:
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Activity #3: Role Play - Case Study: CAD
Activity #4: Peer Evaluation and Group Discussion
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What makes a team
successful?
Pathophysiology: A possible life
threating complication heart disease is
is sudden Cardiac Arrest.
• Activity #1 EKG Pattern Recognition
• Normal Sinus Rhythm
• Ventricular Tachycardia
• Ventricular Fibrillation
EKG ventricular fibrillation video.flv
• Asystole
• EKG Asystole video.flv
Protocol for Cardiac Arrest
•
•
•
•
Assessment, Call a Code Blue
CPR
Medication, Oxygen
Defribillation
CODE BLUE SIMULATION
Code Blue Simulation video.flv
• F:\CTAE Iintro to Medicine Master
Folder\ACLS Science Code Blue.flv
Physicians need the help of skilled and
caring nurses.
• F:\CTAE Iintro to Medicine Master
Folder\Rapping+ER+Nurses+from+UAB+
VIdeo.mp4
ROLE PLAY CODE BLUE
• FINAL EVALUATION OF
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINE AND
INTRODUCTION NURSING