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Supporting learning and creativity
through the best in digital services
Audio Network plc and RBC
Information Age
I said,
Name your number,
State your age;
Knowledge is power
It’s the information age.
Everybody’s doing it, and doing it free,
Surfing the net for possibilities.
Super-dot and supercharged and ready to go;
It’s data in the comfort of your home sweet home.
I said
Name your number,
State your age;
Knowledge is power
Information’s game.
Name your number,
I said…
‘Information Age - edit’
‘Information Age - main mix’
Composer - Blair Booth
Publisher - Audio Network plc
Audio Network plc and RBC
Music Copyright
and the
Audio Network Education Licence
The Audio Network Education Licence has been developed to provide
pupils, students, teachers, schools and colleges with world-class music recordings
over the National Education Network and the UK national education broadband
networks.
Education users will now have access to the same high quality music resource that is
used by professional film, television and media producers.
The service enables the ‘free’ download of Audio Network music files for use in
school and college projects including ‘synchronisation’ use in audio-visual
productions together with general guidance on music copyright.
June 2005
Audio Network plc and RBC
The Education Licence
Keeps the school/college legal. Within school or college the music files can be used
without charge to support many areas of the curriculum. Work can be exchanged
WITHIN the secure National Networks but NOT over the WWW or CD/DVD/video etc.
Uses
Helps teacher by providing a wide range of music styles/genres with assured quality
and known-by-the-teacher standard file types.
Soundtracking for digital videos, films, presentations, multimedia, etc.
Performance, dance, drama, movement, art installations, v-jaying.
Supports ICT and key skills teaching and learning.
Helps teachers make digital resources and keeps them clear for wider publication.
Provides a common resource for collaborative work and cross school/college training.
Curriculum
Supports ICT; music; PE; drama; dance; arts; multimedia.
Projects in any subject using digital video or ‘powerpoint-type’ presentations.
Good for Nursery, Primary, Secondary, FE and HE – inclusive!
Awards and vocational work courses
Good for e-essays and the new generation of e-assessment awards such as Dida.
Provides vocational students with a professional process: selection, cue sheets, etc.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Licence boundaries
The Audio Network-RBC
service provides free industryquality easy-to-use music files
online over the National
Education Networks for
education use WITHIN schools
and colleges.
They are ideal for digital video
productions, ICT and
supporting projects in many
areas of the curriculum.
Additional licences are required for their
use OUTSIDE schools or colleges, for:
• public performance
• distribution or sale of videos, CD or DVD
• publishing on the WWW
• broad/narrow casting
This is similar to the process that is
commonly used in education for
performing plays or musicals.
The Audio Network service provides an
assured one-step process to achieving
this.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Music copyright
The music we hear in the media (film, television, DVD, etc.) is produced
by the effort, creativity and skills of a wide range of people and organisations:
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Composer and/or song writer (lyricist)
Arranger
Music publisher
Recording artists and singers/musicians
Recording and mastering engineers
Record label
Artist or composer management
Distributor or sub-publisher
Many of these people have rights associated with the final music composition
and/or recording and all have careers, professional reputations and a living to make.
The following notes are focussed on the Audio Network Educational Licence for
audio-visual production and do not attempt to cover every aspect of audio or music
copyright - which is a vast, complex and ever-developing subject.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Composing and performing
There are two main areas of copyright:
• the ‘composition’
• the ‘recording’
Copyright in the composition and/or song.
• In the EU (inc. UK) generally the life of the
composer + 70 years
Composer
Arranger
Song Writer
Music Publisher
• But it can be different in USA and other countries
( “territories” in copyright speak).
Copyright in the recording…
• Generally 50 years from the date of the
recording.
Singers
Musicians
Record Company
Audio Network plc and RBC
“Synchronisation” and types of use
Synchronisation
Synchronisation refers to the use of recordings (music, SFX, actualities, etc) in
audio-visual productions (film, video, TV, websites, games, presentations, etc); the
sound is “synched” to the visuals.
In schools recorded music is required to support an increasingly wide range
of activities:
In the curriculum
ICT; Music; Media Studies; Drama; Dance and movement; digital video work in
History, English, RE; Citizenship; Art. Teacher produced resources.
Performance or live production
Presentations (e.g. ‘PowerPoint’); Drama and dance and movement; school
productions; V-jaying
Recording live production
Presentations; Drama and dance productions; Digital-games; V-jaying.
Audio-Visual production
Creating soundtracks to accompany videos, films and animations to be recorded
on digital videos and DVDs.
Broad and Narrow casting
School websites; school radio stations.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Clearing music usage rights
To obtain permission to perform or use music you have to apply to one (or more) of
several organisations. On the left are the uses; on the right the organisations
Sheet music
Traditional
Uses
Public performance in schools
• of the composition/song
PRS (Performing Right Society)
• of the recording
PPL (Phonographic Performance Ltd.)
• through websites
PRS Broadcast Dept & PPL
Multimedia “synchronisation”
New
Uses
Music publisher
• of the composition/song
Music publisher and/or
composer
• of the recording
Record label and artists
Video/DVD duplication or
Retail Sale
• of the composition/song
Music publisher or MCPS
• of the recording
Record company
(The Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society)
Audio Network plc and RBC
Personal use rules
New forms of music sharing and music access on the Internet with systems such as
‘i-pod’ are largely based on personal use. The rules for personal use associated with
the purchase of music CDs and/or downloading music, etc do not cover many uses
required by school or college projects.
‘Fair use’ of recorded material can provide some access in schools – often for
playing, sometimes for acknowledged copying, but not usually for creative work,
production or public performance. School licences with for instance ERA or CLA don’t
specifically cover music or it’s re-purposing.
Copyright free?
There are a lot of sound effects and music resources on the web available under the
terms ‘copyright free’, ‘royalty free’ or ‘free’ – but not all of it is truly rights cleared;
the ‘free’ often referring to the service provided by the website rather than the source
of the materials. Copyright may not have been cleared. User beware.
Creative licences
New initiatives such as ‘Creative Commons’ and ‘Creative Archive’ are trying to
provide artists with a way of safeguarding their rights while supporting creative
endeavour. They are not, however, an “anything goes” proposition. The RBC Audio
Network education licence is part of this general movement to provide creative
people with quality materials and the ways to using them within legal frameworks fit
for the digital age.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Clearing rights to use recorded music in
audio-visual media projects can be a nightmare …
The traditional model means the film, TV or web producer has to clear the
rights all along the chain of the music‘s production - composer, publisher and
recording, and then deal with overseas rights and territories. The recording
Company does not usually have the composing rights and vice versa. The producer
will have to undertake this process for each piece of music used in the production.
composer
artists
publisher
record co
distribution – usually CD
libraries
overseas
agents
local
societies
single
use
licence
PRS
PPL
This is a fragmented, often confusing and always time-confusing process.
Sometimes the rights can’t be cleared or can’t be cleared in the time available and
substitute music has to be used. It is even more complex when distributing
productions in other countries and it is found that a part of the music used isn’t
cleared for those countries. The audio-visual production produced in a school or
college has to obtain the same basic usage rights as a corporate video or feature film.
…so is there an answer?
Audio Network plc and RBC
The Audio Network initiative …
Audio Network brings these separate steps into one instant synchronisation licence.
Audio Network commissions new compositions from leading composers which are
performed, recorded and pre-cleared for synchronisation use. The producer now only
has to think about the public performance/broadcasting rights or the rights to duplicate
or retail sale the resultant finished audio-visual product (such as film/ DVD or Video.…)
composer
Old
Model
artists
Audio
Network
Model
publisher
record co
distribution – usually CD
libraries
overseas
agents
composers, producers, artists
single
use
licence
local
societies
PRS
PPL
Blanket
licence
tailored to fit
all user
requirements
PRS
The fragmented and complex process is replaced by a one-step process easily
available through online delivery – the blanket licence.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Public Performances in schools
The Schools Office of the PRS can give guidance regarding what is covered by
the existing school licence with the PRS (Performing Right Society) and what
constitutes a public performance outside the existing schools licence.
For example they can advise if you want to enter a competition or festival,
perform to a paying public, etc.
To contact the schools office of the PRS call 01494 836205
PRS website http://www.prs.co.uk/
Public Performances over web sites…
If you want to use music or an audio-visual production containing music on
a web-site that can be accessed by members of the public you will need
to get clearance from the PRS broadcast office on 020 7306 4500
Note on MCPS blanket licences
If as a producer you elect to cover the music use in a production under an MCPS
blanket licence that authorises the use of Commercial Music, you are responsible
for paying MCPS fees which include the use of Audio Network music.
There are more details on this in the Notes.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Duplication or Retail Sale of DVDs/Videos
The RBC Audio Network Education Licence allows students and teachers
are allowed to use [synchronise] as much Audio Network music as they like
from the LGFL web-site in their audio-visual projects and the creation of
one copy of a DVD or Video and one additional DVD or Video for back-up
purposes free of charge.
The licence does not cover the sale of audio-visual products or the reproduction
of additional copies of videos, DVDs, or other products containing the musical
compositions whether or not for sale.
The RBC have negotiated a special low-cost rate with Audio Network for students
and school users to reproduce and distribute or sell a limited number of copies of
student or school DVDs and Videos containing Audio Network music from £15,
with significant discounts available for groups. This covers both rights in the recording
and rights in the composition.
Alternatively, the MCPS (The Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society) offer a more
restrictive limited clearance licence for school based audio-visual projects using
a limited amount of music from more than one source – with rights in the recording
needed to be cleared separately.
There is more information on this topic in the full notes.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Cue Sheets
Cue sheets are used by audio-visual producers (from film and television to corporate
producers) to track exactly what music is used and to ensure that the music used in the
production has been properly cleared with the various copyright owners.
The cue sheet records title, timing, duration and details of composer, publisher and
record company and also shows how the music has been used in a production ; for
instance a piece of music which influences the action of the actors is referred to as
featured music, whereas music that simply creates a mood or ambience is referred to
as background music.
Cue sheets are also used by performing rights societies to allocate performance
royalties – for example royalties are paid by broadcasters whenever music is used on
television and allocated to composers and artists on the basis of cue sheets provided by
the producer to the broadcaster.
For the schools licence you are advised to make cue sheets to record the music used in
your productions. In particular, cue sheets will be needed if you are seeking a licence to
perform or distribute an audio-visual production in public.
You can download a cue sheet template from the Audio Network website at
www.audiolicence.net/downloads/default.asp or make your own simpler version to suit
your production needs.
Audio Network plc and RBC
Summary
Ease of use: digital and on-line over the education broadband networks.
Free: school users do not have to pay.
Choice: huge range of types of music.
Quality: industry quality recordings.
Legal: all rights cleared for education use in school/college.
Creative Licence: resources can be used creatively.
Restrictions: can’t be distributed or performed outside school/college
or on WWW without additional licences.
Additional licences: one-step process for public performance/distribution.
Curriculum relevance: meets the needs of e-learning and supports many
areas of the curriculum in Primary, Secondary, Further and Higher Education.
Meets needs of examinations and the new generation of e-assessment.
World of work: uses industry procedures and supports of vocational courses.
Audio Network plc and RBC
The Audio Network Education Licence …
..is an initiative between Audio Network PLC and the Regional Broadband
Consortia (RBC) on behalf of schools and colleges in the UK.
Use the service without charges from a connected school or college at
http://audio.lgfl.org.uk/ Please note there’s no www in the address!
For further information
Schools in England should contact their RBC – a full RBC list is at
http://www.shapesoftime.net/pages/viewpage.asp?uniqid=808
Schools in Scotland should contact LTS and in N.Ireland, C2K.
Schools in IOM, Jersey and Guernsey also have access to this service.
FE Colleges in England should contact their RBC; in other areas of the UK please
email [email protected].
The Audio Network commercial site is at www.audiolicense.net
Please note that while the education website is similar in function, look and feel there
are some significant differences: e.g. sound effects are only available from
www.audiolicense.net for a few £’s per effect, the commercial site includes a wider
selection of music compositions and the additional services are different.
About the Audio Network Schools Licence www.shapesoftime.net
General enquiries [email protected]
Audio Network plc and RBC
Supporting learning and creativity
through the best in digital services
‘Hypertrance’ - fade
Composer - Matt Hill
Audio Network plc and RBC