Transcript Naming Chemical Compounds

Naming Chemical
Compounds
Ionic and Molecular
Ionic and Covalent
Compounds

Binary Compounds


Ionic Compounds





2 elements
a metal and a non-metal
a metal and a polyatomic ion
ammonium ion and a non-metal
ammonium ion and a polyatomic ion
Covalent/Molecular Compounds

Two non-metals
Ionic Formulas

Write each ion, cation first. Don’t show
charges in the final formula.

Overall charge must equal zero.


If charges cancel, just write symbols.
If not, use subscripts to balance charges.

Use parentheses to show more than one
polyatomic ion.

Stock System - Roman numerals indicate the
ion’s charge.
Ionic Naming

Write the names of both ions, cation first.

Change ending of monatomic ions to -ide.

Polyatomic ions have special names.

Stock System - Use Roman numerals to
show the ion’s charge if more than one is
possible. Overall charge must equal zero.

Example: KCl = Potassium chloride
Ionic Naming

Consider the following:

Does it contain a polyatomic ion?



Does it contain a Roman numeral?


-ide, 2 elements  no
-ate, -ite, 3+ elements  yes
Check the table for metals not in Groups 1 or 2.
No prefixes!
Name the following binary
ionic compounds:







MgBr2
NaF
Al2O3
CdO
ZnS
Na2O
K 3N
Some metals have more than one oxidation number
and when you name them you must indicate which of
the oxidation numbers you are using.









There are only 5 elements which you need to memorize which
have more than one oxidation number and they are:
Iron Fe (+3 or +2)
Lead Pb (+4 or +2)
Tin Sn (+4 or +2)
Mercury Hg (+2 or +1)
Copper Cu (+2 or +1)
Nickel Ni ( +2 or +3)
Cobalt Co (+2 or +3)
Chromium Cr (+2 or +3)
Molecular Nomenclature

Prefix System (binary compounds)
1. Less e-neg atom
comes first.
2. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit monoprefix on first element.
3. Change the ending of the
second element to -ide.
Molecular Nomenclature
PREFIX
monoditritetrapentahexaheptaoctanonadeca-
NUMBER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Naming Compounds






Example: name the following molecular
compounds
CO2
N2O3
Cl2O
SO3
CO
Molecular Nomenclature

The Seven Diatomic Elements
Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2
H
N O F
Cl
Br
I