Transcript ENUM-3

ENUM Administration
Penn Pfautz
[email protected]
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.
ENUM Administration
• Mixes domain registration and telephone
number administration
• Major issues:
– Authentication of rights to number
– Disconnect notification
– Telephony service specific records
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.
ENUM Hierarchy
e164.arpa (RIPE)
$ORIGIN e164.arpa.
1 IN NS nsnanp_enum.com
4.4 IN NS sweden_enum.com .
...
Tier 1 – defined by ITU member
state
nsnanp_enum.com
(1.e164.arpa)
4.4.e164.arpa
Sweden
Tier 2 – Service Registrar
e164.att.net
$ORIGIN 3.7.9.1.e164.arpa.
7.8.7.6.6.3.2 IN NS e164.att.net.
8.8.7.6.6.3.2 IN NS joes-enum.com
$ORIGIN 7.8.7.6.6.3.2.3.7.9.1.e164.arpa.
IN NAPTR 10 10 "u" "sip+E2U"
"!^.*$!sip:[email protected]!"
IN NAPTR 102 10 "u" "mailto+E2U" "!^.*$!mailto:[email protected]!" .
IN NAPTR 102 10 "u" "tel+E2U"
"!^.*$!tel:+19732366787!"
.
Tier 3 – Application Service Provider
sip.att.com
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.
.
Authentication of Rights to
Number
• Rights to ENUM domain tied to number
assignments in the PSTN
• Generally, telephone service provider is
only party that knows
• Design issue for industry & regulators: How
to balance this need with burden on TSP?
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Disconnect Notification
• Rights to number in ENUM lost when
service on number is disconnected
• Again, only TSP knows
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Telephony Service Specific
Records
• Are there services for which the TSP should have
right to put records in ENUM?
• How can TSP control records in Tier 2 of end user
choice?
• How might these records be distinguished?
• Alternative is to treat TSP like any other
application service provider
• Ability of TSP to populate ENUM for customer
will facilitate penetration
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ENUM Administrative Process
Reference Model
James Yu, NeuStar, Inc.
December 14, 2000
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ENUM DNS Hierarchy in the US
e164.arpa
Based on country-code
1.e164.arpa
Tier 1
(US)
Non-US NPAs
US NPAs
...
4.3.2.1.3.3.5.2.0.2.1.
e164.arpa->y1.com
Tier 2
Tier 3
(Depending on
the application)
z.z.z.1.
e164.arpa
x.x.x.1.
e164.arpa
...
y.y.y.1.
e164.arpa
4.3. 2.1.3.3.5.2.0.2.1.
e164.arpa->NAPTRs
(ldap://ldap.z1.com)
LDAP
DB
Legend
DB
Database
LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
NPA Numbering Plan Area
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Reference Model I (General)
T1E
Legend
ASP Application Service Provider
TIE Tier 1 Entity
T2E Tier 2 Entity
TSP Telephony Service Provider
T2E
A
H
B
C
T2E
End User
F
** End User can be the end user itself or
an agent authorized to represent
the end user.
** TSP can offer application services
also. The “TSP” entity performs
functions specific to the TSP.
G
D
TSP
E
ASP
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End User Changes T2E
Steps
3
T1E
8
T2Eo
4,7
5
2,6
1. End User asks a new T2E (T2En) to host all his NAPTR RRs.
2. T2En verifies End User info. and informs T1E about T2E
assignment for the TN.
3. T1E confirms the T2E change for the TN with the old T2E (T2Eo).
TSP
T2En
9
4. T1E sends T2Eo info. for the TN to T2En.
1
End User
5. T2En retrieves all the NAPTR RRs from T2Eo and make the
necessary changes.
6. T2En informs T1E to activate the pointer for the TN to T2En.
7. T1E sets the pointer to T2En for the TN and acknowledges the
activation with T2En.
8. T1E informs TSP about T2E change for the TN.
9. TSP may interact with T2En to make changes to its NPPTR RRs.
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.
End User Changes TSP
Steps
T1E
1. End User wants to port his TN to a new TSP (TSPn).
2. TSPn contacts T1E for the ENUM service for the TN, provides its
default T2E info., and receives End User-selected T2E info.
3,5
2
3. T1E informs T2E about TSP change and TSPn’s default T2E info.
TSPn
T2E
4
1
4. TSPn interacts with T2E to provision its NAPTR RRs, or T2E
retrieves the NAPTR RRs from TSPn’s default T2E.
5. In synchronization with the activation for the ported TN, T1E
informs T2E to switch to TSPn’s NAPTR RRs.
End User
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.
Reference Model II (T2E=TSP)
T1E
Legend
ASP Application Service Provider
TIE Tier 1 Entity
T2E Tier 2 Entity
TSP Telephony Service Provider
A’
B’
T2E/TSP
End User
E’
C’
** End User can be the end user itself or
an agent authorized to represent
the end user.
** TSP can offer application services
also. The “TSP” entity performs
functions specific to the TSP.
D’
T2E/TSP
ASP
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Next Steps
• Enhance the reference model to include
– Number portability administrator
– New entities that are related to
• Non-geographic numbers
• Non-US environment
• Others
• Generalize the names in the reference model
to represent their roles in the ENUM
administrative process
draft-pfautz-yu-enum-adm-00.