Transcript Unit 1 (cont.) Positive rational numbers

Unit 1:
Numerical Understanding
Integers and Positive Rational Numbers
• Pictorial model- a picture describing a situation or event
• Justify- to defend or uphold as warranted or well-grounded-to
back-up.
• Ascending-moving upward; rising
– Ex. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
• Descending-to go or pass from a higher to a lower place; move
or come down
– Ex. 10, 9, 8, 7, 6
• Equivalent-equal in value or measure.
– Ex. 5 = 5
• Inequality-the condition of being unequal.
– Ex. 7
9
Slide 1
Unit 1 (cont.)
• Positive rational numbers- a positive number that can
expressed as a fraction
– Ex. 4/1, 50%, 3 1/5, etc.
• Consecutive- following one another in uninterrupted
succession or order; such as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
• Decimals- a number representing less one using the tenths,
hundredths, etc.
– Ex. .08 or .37
• Terminating – has an ending point - stops
– Ex. .8897
• Repeating- a number or group of numbers that occurs again
and again
– Ex. .232323…
Slide 2
Unit 1 (cont.)
• Variety-a number of different types of things
• Evaluate-to ascertain the numerical value of; to determine or
set the value or amount of; appraise: to evaluate property
• Conclusion-a result, issue, or outcome; a reasoned thought
• Drawn-to come to a conclusion
Slide 3
Unit 1 (cont.)
• Improper fraction-a fraction having the numerator greater
than the denominator.
– Ex.
9/2
• Mixed numbers-a number consisting of a whole number and
a fraction or decimal,
– Ex. 4 1/2 or 4.5
Slide 4
Unit 1 (cont.)
Percent- a number expressed on the basis of a rate or proportion
per hundred ex: interest rate, discount, tax, tips.
Fraction-a way of expressing a quantity based on an amount that
is divided into a number of equal-sized parts.
Integer-one of the positive or negative numbers 1, 2, 3, etc., or
zero.
Natural numbers-a positive integer or zero
Counting numbers- a positive integer or zero
Slide 5
Unit 1 (cont.)
• Square Root:
The square roots of a number “n” are the numbers “s” such that s^2=n. For
example, the square roots of 4 are 2 and -2; the square roots of 9 are 3 and -3. (^
indicates exponent)
• Squared:
Square numbers are numbers that are the square of an integer, like 1 (which is
1^2), 4 (which is 2^2), 9 (which is 3^2), 16 (which is 4^2), 25 (which is 5^2), etc. (^
indicates exponent)
• Perfect Square: an integer that is the square of the integer. Also has a whole
number square root. Examples: 1,4,9,16…
• Simplify: To reduce to its lowest form.
• Order of Operation:
• In mathematical operations, the standard order of operations is: Parentheses,
Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, and Subtraction. Within a category,
operations are done from left to right.
•
Example: 2(6) - 3 + 5
•
•
•
12 - 3 + 5
9 + 5
14
Slide 6
Unit 1 (cont.)
• Parenthesis: either or both of a pair of signs ( ) used in writing to
mark off an interjected explanatory or qualifying remark, to
indicate separate groupings of symbols in mathematics and
symbolic logic, etc.
• Exponents: An exponent is when a little number is to the right
and a bit above a number. It's also called a "power.“
• It also means to multiply the base (the big number) times itself
that many times.
• (^ indicates exponent)
• Example: 3^4 which is read as 3 to the 4th power.
• 3^4 = 3 X 3 X 3 X 3
•
= 81
Slide 7