Transcript The Math-abet Book - TerrenceGraduatePortfolio

The “Math-abet” Book
By Terrence Bomar
A
• Asymptote
a straight line or curve A to
which another curve B (the
one being studied) approaches
closer and closer as one moves
along it.
B
• Base
The bottom of a plane figure or three-dimensional figure.
C
• Constant
A term that has only one number and no variables because it
doesn’t vary
In the expression: 2a+3b+6
6 is the constant
D
• Decimal
A linear array of digits that represents a real number, every
decimal place indicating a multiple of a negative power of 10.
“
.“
For example, the decimal 0.1 = 1/10, 0.12 = 12/100,
0.003 = 3/1000. Also called decimal fraction.
E
• Expression
An expression is a mathematical statement that may use
numbers, variables, or both.
•
•
•
•
•
2
x
3+7
2×y+5
2 + 6 × (4 - 2)
F
• Fractions
a number, such as 2/3 or
3/8, that is not a whole
number but that is formed
by dividing one quantity by
another. The top number
of a fraction is called the
numerator, while the
bottom number is called
the denominator.
G
• Googol
the large number 10 to the 100th power, that is, the digit 1
followed by one hundred zeros (in decimal representation).
10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,
000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,00
0,000,000,000,000.
H
• Histogram
A bar graph of a frequency distribution in which the widths
of the bars are proportional to the classes into which the
variable has been divided and the heights of the bars are
proportional to the class frequencies.
I
• Infinity
the idea of "without end" or
"bigger than the biggest thing
you can think of,
unboundedness
J
• Joint Variation
a variation in which y varies jointly as x or powers of x (x^n) and y
or powers of z (z^n), if there is some nonzero constant k such that
y = kx^nz^n , where x ≠ 0, z ≠ 0, and n > 0.
For example:
• y = 7xz, here y varies jointly as x and z.
• y = 11x^2z^3, here y varies jointly as x^2
and z^3 .
K
• Kappa (K, k)
The 10th letter of Greek alphabet
Αα-alpha Νn-nu Ββ-beta Ξξ-xi Γgamma Οοomicron Δδ-delta Ππ-pi Εε-epsilon Κκkappa Ρρ-rho Ζζ-zeta Σ-sigma Ηη-eta Ττtau Θθ-theta Υυ-upsilon Ιi-iota Φφ-phi Χχchi Λλ-lambda Ψψ-psi Μμ-mu Ωω-omega
L
• Line Segment
Two points on a line, and all the points between those two
points.
M
• Mean
The mean of a set of numbers is their average. You find the
average of a set of numbers by adding them up and dividing
by the number of numbers you have.
3+4+6+9+3
----------------5
25
= -- = 5
5
N
• Numerator
the top part of a fraction
O
• Obtuse Angle
an angle greater than 90 degrees
P
• Polynomials
a mathematical expression consisting of the sum of a
number of terms, each of which contains a constant and
variables raised to a positive integral power
• (a+b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
• (a+b)(c+d) = ac + ad + bc + bd
Q
• Quadratic Formula
a conic section generated by
the intersection of a right
circular conical surface and a
plane parallel to a generating
straight line of that surface.
R
• Real Numbers
the numbers we use to measure real-world quantities such
as temperature, volume, or length.
The number line is a model of a set of real numbers
S
• Slope
the measurement of the
steepness, incline, gradient,
or grade of a straight line.
T
• Trapezoid
a quadrilateral with at least 2
opposite sides parallel
U
• Union
The union of two sets is everything in both sets. The symbol
for union is a capital U.
U {3,4,5} {5,6,7} = {3,4,5,6,7}
V
• Variable
A letter that stands for a number in a mathematical
expression because its value can vary
In the expression 4n+7, n is the variable
W
• Whole Numbers
The set of numbers that includes zero and all of the natural
numbers.
X
• X-intercept
The value of x at the point
where a line or curve crosses
the x-axis.
Y
• Y-axis
The vertical axis in a
Cartesian coordinate system.
Z
• Zero
The additive identity; the number that, when added to
another number n, gives n.
0