Transcript Chapter 2 Properties of Matter

Property-
a characteristic that helps
identify an object
*Some
common properties are:
color, shape, size, feel, taste, smell,
mass, volume
 Weight-
the measure of how hard
gravity pulls on an object
 Balance-
an instrument used to measure
mass
 Standard
Mass- a small object that is
used with a balance to determine mass
*Mass
is how much matter is in an
object
*Weight
can change; mass can’t
*Mass
and weight are often used to
mean the same thing on Earth
*To
measure a solid mass use a
balance
*To
measure a liquid mass
mass of liquid = mass of liquid plus
beaker – mass of beaker
Graduated
Cylinder- a round glass
or plastic cylinder used to measure
the volume of liquids
Meniscus- the curved surface of a
liquid
*Read the scale on the bottom of the
curve to find the volume of a liquid
*Reading
a scale: find 2 consecutive
numbers, subtract the bottom
number from the top number, count
how many lines are between them,
divide the number by the lines
ex: there are 10 numbers
between 10 and 20; if there are 5
lines between them; then take
10/5=2; so each line is worth 2 mL
 Displacement
of water- method of
measuring volume of irregularlyshaped objects
 *volume of rectangular prism =
length x width x height
 *volume
of irregularly shaped objects =
volume of object = volume of water
plus object – volume of water
 Density-
a measure of how tightly the
matter of a substance is packet into a
given volume
 *density
= mass/volume
= 30 g/ 15 cm³
= 2 g/cm³ said 2 grams per cubic
centimeter

1 cubic centimeter of this substance
has a mass of 2 grams
 *density
of a substance does not
change; the density of lead is 11.3
g/cm³; even if we double or half the
amount, a substance’s density does not
change
 *if
you know a substances mass and
volume, you can calculate its density
and use a chart to figure out what
substance it is
*matter
with a density greater than
water (1 g/cm³) will sink
*matter
with a density less than
water will float