Transcript Chapter 1x

Chapter 1
The First
Civilizations
Pages 8 - 33
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 1
Early Humans
Historians- people who study and write
about history
Archaeologists- hunt for evidence in
the ground
Artifacts- weapons, tools, and other
things made by humans
Fossils- traces of plants and animals
Anthropologist- study human society
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Nomads- or
people who
move from
place to
place
First to use
technologyany tool or
method to
help humans
perform tasks
Paleolithic
Age
Learned
to tame
fire
Hunted,
fished,
Developed
and
a
spoken
gathered
language
their
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
food
Learned to
Advancements
domesticatewere made in Learned to
tame plants &
technology grow food
animals for human
(farm)- could
use
stay in one
place
Neolithic Age
(New Stone Age)
People began to
People
practice
began
specializationto
developments of
trade
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
different type jobs
Section 1 Continued:
* Historians call the changes during the
Neolithic Age the farming revolution.
Explain Why?
Because there were changes taking
place that greatly affect many areas
of life
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 2
Mesopotamian Civilization
PAGES 17-23
* Explain - What is civilization?
Complex society that has cities, organized
government, art, religion, class divisions,
and a writing system
* Early civilizations arose in river valleys- Why?
Good farming conditions and rivers made it
easy to get from place to place
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 2 continued:
* Earliest known civilization was
, which is Greek for
Mesopotamia
“the land between the rivers.”
* Mesopotamia was located between
what two rivers?
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 2 continued:
* Give 3 examples of irrigation that farmers
learned to build.
Dams, channels, walls, waterways, and ditches
• What is a city-state and why did they fight
each other?
A city- state is an independent state with its
own government
More territory and to gain glory (power)
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 2 Continued:
Who are artisans?
Skilled workers who made metal
products, cloth, or pottery
What is the oldest known story?
Epic Of Gilgamesh
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
1. What did the Sumerians build to please
their chief god?
* A grand temple called a ziggurat
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
The Sumerian writing system that
consists of hundreds of wedge- shaped
marks.
Cuneiform
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 2 Continued:
Who is Sargon and why is he important?
Sargon is the king of the Akkadians who set
up the first empire when he conquered all
of Mesopotamia
What is an empire?
A group of many different lands under one
ruler
Who is Hammurabi and what is he known for?
Babylonian king, known for his law code or
collection of laws
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Why do you think Mesopotamia
is sometimes called the “cradle
of civilization”
* Because their ideas and inventions
were copied and improved upon by
later people which left a lasting mark
on world history
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 3
Early Empires
You are going to create a double bubble
map that compares and contrasts the
two early empires of the Assyrians and
the Chaldeans.
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Section 3 Continued
On back of Venn Diagram:
Define:
Provinces
Caravans
Nebuchadnezzar
Answer the following questions:
* Why did the Chaldean empire fall?
* Why was the Assyrian army a powerful
fighting force?
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
ANSWERS
* Provinces- political districts
* Caravans- group of traveling merchants
* Nebuchadnezzar – king of the Chaldeans
who had the Hanging Gardens built
• Why did the Chaldean Empire fall?
Persians captured Babylon
* Why was the Assyrian army such a powerful
fighting force?
It had a well-organized army and advanced
weapons
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Built many
temples & palaces
Built a strong armylearned how to make
iron stronger from
the Hittites
Built a road system
that collected the
empire
Produced &
collected
literature (built
the first library
Powerful
empires in
Mesopotamia
Built large
temples and
palaces
Built richest
& largest city
Became rich from
trade because they
were located on a
major trade route
Built the Hanging
Gardens (1 of the
Seven Ancient
Wonders of the World)
Made one of the
first sundails and
Established a powerful, wellwere the first to
organized government by creating
have a 7 day
provinces- political districts
week
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
Built a strong
fierce army
Built a
road
system
Assyrians
Established a
powerful, wellorganized
government
Powerful
empires in
Mesopotamia
Built
large
temples
and
palaces
Built
richest &
largest city
Chaldeans
Made
contributions
in science
Became
rich
from
trade
Built the Hanging
Gardens (1 of the
Seven Ancient
Wonders of the
World)
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22