Transcript Sample presentation slides (Focus on technology design)

Binary Review
LET’S REVIEW THE BINARY SYSTEM
Sends
Electricity
Receives
Binary symbols (O / I) represent electrical impulses.
BITS & BYTES
The symbols O and I are considered a “bit”.
8 bits = 1 byte
LOOK AT THE KEYBOARD
•Notice the different keys.
•How many keys are there?
•What about function keys?
•Upper case/ lower case.
HOW MANY BITS?
Using only O & I how many are needed to represent ever key?
Let’s try a combination of 2:
OO
OI
II
IO
OK, four keys can be represented.
How many bits are needed?
Let’s try a combination of 3:
OOO
OOI
OIO
IOO
III
IIO
IOI
OII
OK, not enough
with three.
How many bits are needed?
We need a total of eight (8)
symbols or bits to represent
every key on the keyboard.
8 Bits = 1 Byte
ASCii Code
The ASCii code assigns a numerical code to
each letter. Here is an example:
A = 65
B = 66
C = 67
Binary Code
How do the numbers from the ASCii code
translate to Binary?
Let’s go back to kindergarten……
Let’s analyze the number …
5281
What does this number mean?
 The
1
 The 8
 The 2
 The 5
has
has
has
has
a
a
a
a
place
place
place
place
value.
value.
value.
value.
1000
100
5
2
10
8
Calculate:
5 x 1000 = 5000
2 x 100 =
200
8x
10 =
80
1x
1=
1
1
1
Binary




This technique is also used in binary
system.
In the decimal system we use 10
symbols to represent each number.
The binary system is based on 2 (O / I).
Any number can be represented by a
series of O/I.
Binary Math Steps
Convert Binary to Alpha/Numeric –
STEP 1: Set up place values.
STEP 2: Add up all place values containing I.
STEP 3: Look up translator (ASCii) number
on table to identify key value pressed.
Convert to Binary to Alpha/Numeric
128
0
64
0
32
1
16
0
8
4
2
1
1
0
0
1
2 symbol eight place value.
Add all the 1s:
32
8
1
41
STEP 2
STEP 1
Convert to Binary to Alpha/Numeric
STEP 3
Translator (ASCii) # 41 = )
Decimal to Binary
Let’s translate the #50 to binary code:
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
50
-32
-16
- 2
___
0
Convert Alpha/Numeric to Binary
Now let’s try to other way….
STEP 1: Get translator number by looking up key
value on ASCii chart.
STEP 2: Set up place values.
STEP 3: Starting on left with place value 128, place an I in every
Value that will divide into the ASCii number.
STEP 4: Check it! Add up all place values containing I. The number
should equal your ASCii number.
Decimal to Binary Practice
Convert the following key to binary:
Z
= AACii (Translator) #
STEP 1
90
Trick: Even #’s end in O and odd #’s end in I.
Decimal to Binary Practice
Z = 90 =
STEP 2
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
STEP 3
STEP 4
64
16
8
2
= 90