Transcript The Library

The
Library
9410007A Sugar
9410047A Edison
Layout of the library:
．What ‘s the difference between
past and now?
Past : Card catalogs
Now: Computer
Photo copy machine
Connection Internet
The computer:
．Computers are linked to
1. useful databases (such as PACs and
OPACs)
PACs ---Public –access catalogs
OPACs ---online public-access catalogs
2. more college libraries
Online full-text databases
．What is databases?
1.Full text of an article or book
2. Abstract
．How to find databases?
1. In the libraries
2. On the Internet (free)
Microform indexes
Microfiche:
．A system that stored magazines and newspaper
on a small single sheet of film
Microfilm:
．A
system that stored magazines and newspaper
on a roll of film
Online sources are gradually replacing it.
Stacks
Two kinds of stacks:
1.Open stacks
2.Closed stacks (Tittle of each books,
its author, its call number)
Reference room or shelf
Such as: Encyclopedia ,indexes, gazetteer
Main desk
(information desk)
Reserve desk
Books are kept at the reserve
desk.
(Books are available for use only
in the library, and only for a
limited time.)
Audiovisual room
[Media centers, Learning centers (ISU)]
Tapes, music CDs, DVDs, picture
slides…….
Newspaper racks
1. Newspaper racks (in library)
2.Online newspapers
(www.ipl.org/reading /news)
Other guidelines:
CNN,CQ CSPAN,
U.S news
Computer room
Carrels
．Carrels are small, equipped with
desks and bookshelves.
Organization of the library
collections
1．The Deway Decimal System:
→ This
system divides all knowledge in 10
categories.
2．The Library of Congress Classification System:
→ This
system has 20 branches, which marked
by 21 letters.
◆The Deway Decimal System:
Ten general categories
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000-099 General Work
100-199 Philosophy
200-299 Religion
300-399 Social Sciences
400-499 Language
500-599 Pure Science
600-699 Technology (Applied Sciences)
700-799 The Arts
800-899 Literature
900-999 History
Each of these ten general categories is
subdivided into ten smaller division.
800-809
810-819
820-829
830-839
840-849
850-859
860-869
870-879
880-889
890-899
Literature
General Work (about Literature)
American Literature
English Literature
German Literature
French Literature
Italian Literature
Spanish Literature
Latin Literature
Greek and Classical Literature
Literature of Other language
Ex: The subcategory “English Literature” is
divided into ten even-narrow group
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
English Literature (general)
Poetry
Drama
Fiction
Essays
Speeches
Letters
Satire and Humor
Miscellany
Minor Related Literature
More specific
An endless number of more-specific
headings are created easily through and
addition of decimal place.
For example:
822.3 Elizabethan
822.33 the works of Shakespeare
Fiction and biography
Fiction: It is a alphabetized by author
mark with the letter F
For example:
F-Pas (a novel by Boris Pasternak)
Biography: it is a alphabetized by subject
mark with the letter B
B-C56 (one of the several
biographies of Sir Winstion Churchill)
◆The Cutter-Sanborn Author Mark:
To find any title, we should…….
1. First locate Deway decimal category on
the shelf
2. Identify an individual book by its author
mark
→Distinguish between books filed under an
identical Dewey decimal number.
The Cutter-Sanborn Author Mark
Ex: The book Double Taxation by Charles
Edward Garland. → G233d
1. “Charles” → the number 233
2. surname: G
3. first important word in the tittle: d
Garf 231
Garn 234
Gari 232
Garnet 235
Garl 233
Garni 236
The Library of Congress Classification
System
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Found in 1800
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Shelved its books by size
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Represent the main branches of
knowledge with 21 letters of alphabet
General Categories
A
B
C
D
E-F
G
H
J
K
L
General Works
Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
Auxiliary Sciences of History
History: General and Old World
History of America
Geography, Anthropology, Recreation
Social Sciences
Political Science
Law
Education
General Categories
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
Z
Music
Fine Arts
Language
Science
Medicine
Agriculture
Technology
Military Science
Laval Science
Bibliography, Library Science,
Information Resources
These general categories are
narrowed by the addition of
letters:

Past : size of the books
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Now: the main branches of knowledge
with 21 letters of the alphabet.
They are divided into narrower group by
letters and Arabic numbers(up to 9999).
These general categories are
narrowed by the addition of letters:
P philology and Linguistics: General
PA Greek and Latin Philology and
Literature
PB Celtic Languages and Literature
PC Romance Languages (Italian, French,
Spanish, Portuguese )
PD
Germanic (Teutonic) Languages
For example :
PN 1993.5 U65
1.Find the subject category.
P－general category, “Language and
Literature”
PN－“Literature History and Collections”
2.Track down
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Classification of periodicals
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Current issues usually are shelved
alphabetically by title and are accessible
to the public
Classification of nonbooks
Nonbook materials—films, microfilms,
recordings, news clippings, sheet music,
productions of masterpieces ,transparencies,
slides, programmed books, and other
audiovisual material.
 No hard-and-fast rule exists for classifying.
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THE
END
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