Transcript 7 – 1. Soc St – Exam Revision Slides – Nov

A
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Mediterranean Sea
21 Kuwait
7 Lebanon
20 Syria
3 Morocco
8 Palestine
5 Tunisia
2 W. Sahara
Suez
Canal
4 Algeria
6 Libya
22 Bahrain
19 Iraq
23 Qatar
18 Jordan
9 Egypt
24 UAE
17 Saudi Arabia
1 Mauritania
16 Oman
Arabian
Sea
10 Eritrea
15 Yemen
11 Sudan
Indian
Ocean
12 Djibouti
14 Somalia
Ethiopia
13 Comoros Islands
The Arab World is made up of 22 countries. Understand that
Eritrea and Western Sahara are not fully considered Arab
countries. Eritrea is an observer in the Arab League.
TOPIC #1: Introduction and Geography of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES:
1. Understand class expectations.
2. Locate and label the countries in the Arab World.
AFL:
1. Name all of Algeria’s Arab neighbours.
2. Name all of Saudi Arabia’s neighbours.
TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES:
3. Identify the location of the Arab World.
4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World.
KD ANSWERS:
1. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the Arab World: (2)
• Between latitude 2° south and 37° north of the equator.
• Between longitude 17° west and 60° east of the Greenwich meridian.
2. Arab countries in:
• Africa - 10
• Asia - 12
3. Two reasons why the Arab World is considered important: (2)
• 1) It is centrally located with trade routes linking Asia, East Africa and Europe
• 2) It is the cradle (foundation) of three major religions – Islam, Christianity
and Judaism
• 3) It is the world’s leading exporter of oil
KD:
4. Fill in this paragraph and paste into your exercise book. p. 15 - 18
The three basic surface features of the Arab World include plains, plateaux
and mountains. The two types of plains are Coastal Plains and Flurial
Plains. Kuwait rests on a costal plain. Plateaux are flat or nearly flat areas of
high ground which have steep sides and stand above the surrounding area. At
the center of the Arabian Peninsula is the Najd plateaux. There are four main
mountain ranges in the Arab World. The Atlas Mountains extend across
Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The Oman Mountains include Jebel Akhdar
(the Green Mountains) which is over 3,000 metres tall. In Western Saudi
Arabia you can find the Asir and Al Hejaz Mountains, both over 2,500
metres high. The Lebanese Mountains are famous for snow-skiing and reach
over 3,000 metres.
TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 3. Identify the location of the Arab World.
and 4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World.
SKILL DEVELOPMENT ANSWERS:
1. Highest elevation: (2)
• Toubkal at approximately 4,000 metres.
2. Width of the Arab World: (1)
• Approximately 7,900 kilometres
3. Estimate Kuwait’s elevation. Explain why you chose that number. (3)
• 0 - 200 metres
• Kuwait lies along the Arabian Gulf, is mostly flat and is well-below the 1,000
metre mark on the scale.
TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 5. Describe the climate conditions in the Arab World.
and
6. Identify the types of vegetation in the Arab world.
KD ANSWERS:
2. Three factors effecting climate in the Arab World: (3)
• Latitude – distance from the equator
• The balance between land and water
• Altitude – elevation from sea level
3. Match each of the climate zones to its description. (3)
Mediterranean
Desert
Tropical
Tropical
______________
It is very hot and rainy throughout the year. Found in Sudan and
Somalia.
Desert
______________
It covers most of the Arab World and is characterised by high
temperatures with limited amounts of rainfall.
Mediterranean It has warm and rainy winters and found in North Africa and
______________
Lebanon.
TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 5. Describe the climate conditions in the Arab World.
and
6. Identify the types of vegetation in the Arab world.
KD ANSWERS:
4. Vegetation is the type of plants growing in a particular place.
Three types of vegetation in the Arab World.
Type of
Vegetation
Different Kinds
Forest - 9%
• Tropical Rain Forest – include ebony, teak
and mahogany trees
• Mixed Forest – includes cedar and cork trees
Grassland –
18%
• Savanna – includes lush elephant grass on
which cattle and buffalo feed
• Temperate – includes flowering herbs for
sheep and goats
Desert
70% +
• Has limited grasses, scrub and cactus
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
Study Figure 15 and locate modern Arab countries. Discuss.
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT:
1. Fill in the space below: p. 23
Civilisation is the large _____________ of people _____________ to live and
work __________ in a creative way to develop _________________,
________________ and ______________________.
2. How did the first farmers survive? (5) p. 23
3. What problems encouraged people to cooperate and settle together? (2) p. 23
4. When people had surplus food, they had TIME to develop other areas. List four
areas where they specialised. (4) p. 23
5. Eventually writing, numbering and laws were made to organise communities.
Technology, art and culture were developed connecting people from different
regions and encouraging trade. p. 23 - 24
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
KD ANSWERS:
1. Civilisation is the large grouping of people organised to live and
work together in a creative way to develop their society, technology and
culture .
2. First farmers survived: (5)
• They did everything themselves.
• Farmed
• Made own clothes
• Made simple tools
• Defended themselves
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
KD ANSWERS:
3. Problems that encouraged people to cooperate and settle together: (2)
• Water resources
• Development of agriculture
4. TIME - areas specialised: (4)
• Craftsmen
• Builders
• Wood and metal workers
• Potters
• Weavers
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT:
6. How long ago was 3500 BC?
7. What modern day countries make up the Fertile Crescent? (5) p. 24
8. What modern day countries make up the Levant (Bilad Ash Sham)? (4) p. 24
9. The Fertile Crescent region faced many challenges, including migration,
invasion, trade and war. What important civilisations developed from 8500 BC
in and near the Fertile Crescent? (6) p. 25
TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World
OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation.
and
8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation.
KD ANSWERS:
6. 3500 BC was 5,514 years ago.
7. Modern countries of the Fertile Crescent: (5)
• Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq
8. Modern countries of the Levant (Bilad Ash Sham): (4)
• Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon and Syria
9. Important civilisations developed in and near the Fertile Crescent: (6)
• 3500 BC – Mesopotamia (Iraq)
• 3000 BC – Egypt
• India
• Crete
• China
• Dilmun (Bahrain)
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVES:
9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
WARM UP:
3500 Years ago the countries of Jordan, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq were
known as the Fertile Crescent. The climate of this area was mild, its vegetation
and soil very rich and it had a large seeded area of grassland. Being close to the
Mediterranean and Red Seas as well as the Arabian Gulf, it allowed many people
to travel through and trade. This caused the population to increase quickly
causing the rise and fall of many civilisations over the last 2000 years.
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
1. Mesopotamia: (4)
• A Greek word, which means ‘between the rivers’
• Given to what is now Iraq (Bilad Al Rafedean)
• The two rivers are the Tigris and Euphrates
2. First civilization in Mesopotamia: (3)
• The Sumerians
Settled near rivers:
• The soil was very fertile to grow crops.
3. Cities settled in Mesopotamia – 9
• Ebla
Mari
Babylon
• Tell Brak
Nineveh
Akkad
Uruk
Ashur
Ur
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
4. If the answer is, people organized to dig irrigation systems, raise towns and
villages above water level and built protective mud walls … what is a question
you can ask? (2)
• How did people deal with the destructive floods in Mesopotamia?
• How did people protect their settlements and cultivation in Mesopotamia?
• How did the people of Mesopotamia protect themselves from violent, Spring
floods?
5. Most important Sumerian city-state: (1)
• Ur
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
6. First type of writing used by Sumerians: (3)
• Simple pictures called pictographs from 3200 BC
7. If the answer is, an alphabet of wedge-shaped marks which were used to form
words … what is a question you can ask? (2)
• What is cuneiform script?
8. Story of Noah’s Ark written by the Sumerians: (2)
• The epic story of Gilgamesh, ruler of Uruk.
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
10. Dominated life in the flat lands of Sumeria: (4)
• Wind, rain, sun and farming
11. Sumerians worshipped many Gods. Identify the following: (4) p. 28
• Enil – God of Air
• Ishtar – Goddess of Love and War
• Enki – God of Water
• Anu - Father of the Gods
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
12. Finish these sentences : The Sumerians devoted great efforts to building huge
temples . These temples called Ziggurats were massive structures
made out of sun-dried clay bricks and were as tall as up to 30 metres high.
13. Two inventions by Sumerians in science and technology: (2)
• Wheel
• Chariots
• Castings in bronze
• Glass
• Decimals and Geometry of Circles
• Hours into minutes and seconds
http://ancienthistory.mrdonn.org/Ideas.html
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
14. Six places that were linked by trading (bartering) with the Sumerians: (6)
• Anatolia (Turkey)
Cyprus
Oman
India
• Egypt
Levant
Afghanistan
15. Items manufactured in well-organised factories and exported: (6)
• Textiles
Furniture
Jewellery
Pottery
• Copper and Bronze objects
16. If the answer is, mathematics, biology, astrology, economics and farming …
what is a question you can ask? (2)
• What subjects were studied in Sumerian Schools by 2500 BC?
TOPIC #4: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Sumerians
OBJECTIVE: 9. List the civilisations of Mesopotamia.
and
10. Describe how the Sumerians lived.
KD ANSWERS:
17. Summarise the table from p. 30 into your exercise book. Include the title. (5)
GREAT CIVILISATIONS – SUMERIA 3500 – 2000 BC
• Settled along the Tigris and Euphrates, irrigating and farming
• City-States developed in Mesopotamia
• Writing was invented to record information – pictographs
and cuneiform
• Organised Trade Routes – from India to Anatolia and Africa
• Great contributions to science and technology
TOPIC #5: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Akkadians and Babylonians
OBJECTIVE: 11. Describe the importance of the Akkadians and Babylonians.
KD ANSWERS:
1. First Semites to influence development of civilisation: (1)
• Akkadians
2. Akkadian King that conquered all the Sumerian city-states in 2400 BC: (1)
• Sargon
3. Babylon and Assyria are cities that grew from the Amorites. (2)
TOPIC #5: Civilizations of the Fertile Crescent – Akkadians and Babylonians
OBJECTIVE: 11. Describe the importance of the Akkadians and Babylonians.
KD ANSWERS:
4. Fill in the paragraph: (8)
In 1800 BC Babylon rose to power. Its greatest and wisest ruler was Hammurabi.
His code of laws is famous and was carved onto a stone tablet. They are the
most complete, consisting of 282 articles dealing with , wages, divorce,
fees and commerce. Some of the punishments, however, seem harsh
including drowning or cutting off hands.
Today this stone tablet rests in the Louvre Museum, Paris.