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Solar Energy Labs – Part 1 ENGR 1181 Today's Learning Objectives After today's class, students will be able to: • Describe and build both a calibration and solar meter circuit • Convert decimal values to binary values • Discuss how a potentiometer works • Explain how a photodiode light sensor works • Compare a pictorial image of a circuit to a schematic wiring diagram • Use a Photodiode Light Sensor and a Binary Voltmeter circuit to measure the intensity of light (in Watts/m2) Solar Energy Meter In lab today, you will build a solar energy meter circuit to measure the energy intensity from a light source. solar energy meter Output : watts/m2 Solar Energy Meter Parts 5 Volt power supply DMM Breadboard Solar Energy Meter Circuit Schematic and Breadboard Layout – Final Circuit Solar Energy Meter Circuit 2 1 +5V 4 3 +5V 2 1 +5V Gnd D0 (LSB) 14 D1 13 D2 12 D3 11 10 D4 D5 9 D6 8 7 6 V Input 5 V Out V Out 5 6 Gnd Gnd D7 (MSB) Binary Voltmeter Light Sensor 3 4 +5V +5V +5V +5V PCB2 +5V +5V PCB1 LEDs D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 SHORT WIRE BINARY DISPLAY D1 D0 Breadboard Setup Build now in pairs! Note DMM usage here +5V Gnd Note jumpers Measure the Power Supply Voltage, V = ______ Volts Calibrate the Binary Voltmeter Binary Voltmeter Calibration Circuit DMM 2 1 +5V 4 3 +5V +5V +5V +5V +5V PCB2 10K 14 Gnd D0 (LSB) 13 D1 D2 12 11 10 9 8 D3 D4 D5 D6 7 6 5 3 +5V D7 (MSB) V Input Binary Voltmeter 2 POT 1 LEDs D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 SHORT WIRE 0 to +5 VOLTS BINARY DISPLAY D1 D0 TrimPot – varies input voltage Total resistance (Pin 1 to Pin 3) = 10 kOhms Resistance at Pin 2 varies by turning the small adjustment screw (0 to +5V on Pin 2) Use it to change the input voltage to the Binary Voltmeter circuit +5V 3 It is a variable resistor. 10K 2 1 POT Pins 123 8-Bit Binary Display MSB • The LEDs at the output of the Binary Voltmeter are labeled from D7 to D0 LSB LEDs D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 • The LEDs have two digital states, on and off, representing the binary numbers “1” and “0” 8-BIT BINARY DISPLAY • D7 is the Most Significant Bit (MSB). D0 is the Least Significant Bit (LSB) • The 8-bit binary number can be converted to a decimal number using a formula 8-bit Binary Numbers For example, convert binary 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 into a decimal: MSB LSB 00000101 = 5 …. + 0*23 + 1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20 = 5 The Calibration Circuit 10K POT 3 +5V 1 2 •Place the TrimPot as shown and: +5V Gnd Short wire of LEDs must be toward ground side • Connect Pin 1 to Ground • Connect Pin 3 to +5 Volts • Connect Pin 2 to V Input on the Binary Voltmeter •Connect the LEDs •Connect the Red DMM wire to V Input • ENGR 1181 First-Year Engineering Program Calibrate the Binary Voltmeter Circuit Table A – record and store in lab spreadsheet Set Voltage Record Binary Numbers Calculate Decimal Values 0 0000 0000 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Full CW Solar Energy Meter Circuit Schematic and Layout Solar Energy Meter Circuit 2 1 +5V 4 3 +5V 2 1 +5V Gnd D0 (LSB) 14 D1 13 D2 12 D3 11 10 D4 D5 9 D6 8 7 6 V Input 5 V Out V Out 5 6 Gnd Gnd D7 (MSB) Binary Voltmeter Light Sensor 3 4 +5V +5V +5V +5V PCB2 +5V +5V PCB1 LEDs D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 SHORT WIRE BINARY DISPLAY D1 D0 Task 3 – How the Light Sensor Works • The Photodiode converts light photons to a current Isolar Amplifier Photodiode V Output • The Amplifier converts the current to a voltage • The voltage output of the Light Sensor Board is proportional to the intensity of sunlight (Isolar, Watts / m2) The calibration equation for the Solar Light Meter is: Isolar = 5.0 Ndecimal (Watts / m2) Use the Solar Energy Meter to measure the intensity of a light source Comment on shading LEDS and Blinking on least significant digits Place the spotlight in the ring stand so that the front of the bulb is 13 inches away from the top of the Light Sensor. Make sure that the Photodiode is directly in the center of the beam. Measure the Intensity of the light source at distances of 23, 19, 15, 11 and 7 inches. • ENGR 1181 First-Year Engineering Program Measure the Intensity of the Light Source at various distances Distance ( Inches ) 23.0 19.0 15.0 11.0 7.0 Binary Number Decimal Value Intensity ( Watts / m2) Topic Document Type Marble Delivery System None Quality and Productivity Executive Summary Circuits Executive Summary Solar Energy – Part 1 -- Solar Energy – Part 2 Memo (Combined) Beam Bending Memo Wind Turbine 1 -- Wind Turbine 2 Report (Combined) Problem Solving Project 1 Problem Solving Project 2 Problem Solving Project 3 Project Notebook (Combined)