Transcript Preterite and Imperfect

QUIZ
PRETERITE OR IMPERFECT?
Study your journal before the bell rings.
WARM-UP – ONLINE RESEARCH
How would you recognize the preterite and
the imperfect in a sentence? (click here)
USES THE IMPERFECT AND
THE PRETERITE
PAST TENSE
Past Tense:
Preterite and Imperfect,
1.Video
Instructions:
1. Take good notes in your journal
2. Concentrate in the video 100%
3. Stay on task avoiding distractions
Warm- Up? Preterite – Imperfect:
Two Aspects of the Past Tense

What are the two aspects from the preterite and
imperfect that we need to consider? (click here)
Preterite and Imperfect
Adverbial Expressions
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Video
Instructions:
1. Take good notes in your journal
2. Concentrate in the video 100%
3. Stay on task avoiding distractions
Key Words for the Preterite

The preterite is often used with expressions like:

Una vez
Once, one time

El sábado pasado
Last Saturday

Un día
One day

Esta mañana
This morning

Anoche
Last night
siempre and nunca (always and never
**These
imply the event happened once
Key Words for the Imperfect

There are certain words that can help us decide:

The imperfect is often used with expressions like:

Siempre (only if a habit is involed)

Los sábados
On Saturdays

Todos los días
Everyday

A menudo
**These all imply repetition
Always
Often
Phrases that indicate use of the preterite
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ayer - yesterday
Anteayer – before yesterday
Anoche – last night
Desde el primer momento
– Since the first moment
Durante dos siglos
– Over two centuries
– Two centuries ago
El otro día – the other day
En ese momento – in that moment
Entonces - then
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
El año pasado – last year
Hace dos días – two days ago
Hace cuatro años – four years ago
Ayer por la mañana – yesterday
morning
Ayer por la tarde – yesterday
afternoon
Esta tarde – this afternoon
La semana pasada – last week
El mes pasado – last month
Esta mañana – this morning
Phrases that indicate use of the Imperfect
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A menudo- often
A veces – sometimes
De vez en cuando sometimes
Cada día – every day
Cada semana – every week
Cada mes – every month
Cada año – every year
Nunca - never
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En aquella época – in that
time
Frecuentemente - frequently
Generalmente - generally
Muchas veces – many times
Mucho – too much
Con frecuencia – frequently
or very often
Warm-up: Preterite or Imperfect?
Preterite or Imperfect?


Identify the following sentences
 El
año pasado mi hermano visitó México.
 Vi
una escuela grande.
 Vi
la escuela
Practice (click here)
Preterito Vs. Imperfecto

Video (Conclusion)
Instructions:
1. Take good notes in your journal
2. Concentrate in the video 100%
3. Stay on task avoiding distractions
Classify Preterite & Imperfect

Post-it Activity
PRETERITE & IMPERFECT
Spanish II – Ms. M. Frias-Medina
PRETERITE AND IMPERFECT
TOGETHER
PAST TENSE – TIEMPOS PASADOS EN ESPAÑOL
Preterite & Imperfect Together
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Examples: When
two actions are happening
Cuando Carlos llamó… (Boom Action) Preterite
(At the same time)
…yo estudiaba. (Ongoing action) Imperfect
Preterite & Imperfect Together
Carmen llegó…
(Suddenly moment) Preterite
…mientras nos desayunábamos.
(at the same time as)
Preterite & Imperfect Together
Anita sacó una foto…
…de unos niños que jugaban al fútbol.
SIEMPRE AND NUNCA WITH THE
PRETERITE/IMPERFECT
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
While one may think that siempre/nunca would be used almost
exclusively with the imperfect, just the opposite is true.
 Nunca me gustó el hígado con cebolla.
I never liked liver and onions.
 Siempre tuve muchos amigos.
I always had a lot of friends.
Siempre and nunca are almost always used with the preterite,
the only exception being siempre when the verb of the
sentence/clause has a habitual meaning.
 Siempre jugaba con mis amigos después de la escuela.
I always played with my friends after school.
CONCLUSION
Pretérito e Imperfecto
Preterite V. Imperfect
We use the imperfect to
describe habitual or repeated
events in the past.
We use the preterite to
describe a particular or
specific event.

Preterite V. Imperfect

When we speak in the past, it’s either a continuous or
isolated action
 We use the
imperfect to describe ongoing actions
(actions/events that were in progress during a certain
period of time)

We use the preterite to describe isolated actions
(actions which occurred at a specific moment in time)
Preterite V. Imperfect


preterite
The
is used to describe a welldefined action or event which happened at a specific
point in time.
imperfect
The
is used to describe ongoing
actions or events. In English, we say “was (were)
+…ing”.
I was playing
Preterite V. Imperfect

We say “used to” + verb a lot in English, to
express something happened repeatedly in the past.
With this, we’d use the imperfect.

Ex: Carlos used to spend the summer in Mexico.
Carlos pasaba el verano en México.
We used to play tennis.
Jugábamos al tenis.
Imperfect additional uses

The imperfect is used to describe
specific circumstances:
Time
Era
el diez de abril.
Eran las ocho de la noche.
Weather
Hacía
Llovía.
mal tiempo.
Imperfect
 Location
 Yo
iba por la Avenida Libertad.
 Yo estaba en la escuela.
 Age
 El
profesor tenía entre treinta y treinta y cinco
años.
 Physical
 Era
Appearance
un hombre alto.
 Llevaba un súeter gris.
Imperfect
Emotional
Estaba
nervioso.
Attitudes
Él
State
and desires
quería aprender español.
Ella tenía ganas de conocer México.
Verbs that change meaning in the
preterite and imperfect
Preterite
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Querer- tried
No querer-refused
Conocer-met
Saber-found out
Poder-succeeded
Tener-received
Imperfect
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Querer-wanted
No querer- didn’t want
Conocer-knew
Saber-knew
Poder-was able
Tener-used to have
Preterite vs. Imperfect with the verb
“haber”

Note the past tense forms of hay:
Hubo una fiesta. (Preterite)
There was a party. (specific action)
Había muchas personas. (Imperfect)
There were many people. (circumstance)
Preterite or Imperfect decision?
CONJUGATION
Preterite V. Imperfect
Conjugation: Preterite V. Imperfect
Preterite Conjugation
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
Regular Verbs

Ar: é, aste, ó, amos, asteis, aron

Er/Ir: í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron
Irregular Verbs:
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

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Stem Changing (e-i), (o-u)
Radical Change (4 Groups)
Orthographic Change (car, gar,
zar, guar) and” i to y”
Irregular Verbs

ser/ir = fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos,
fuisteis, fueron, dar= di, diste, dio,
dimos, disteis, dieron, Ver= vi, viste,
vio, vieron, vimos, visteis, vieron
Imperfect Conjugation
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Regular Verbs
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Ar: aba, abas, aba, ábamos

Er/Ir: ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían
Irregular Verbs:
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
Ir: iba, ibas, iba, ibamos,
ibais, iban
Ser: era, eras, era, éramos,
erais, eran
Ver: veía, veías, veía,
veíamos, veíais, veían
Ser / Ir (to be, to go)
Dar (to give)
Ver (to see)
Fui
Fuiste
Fue
Fuimos
Fuisteis
Fueron
Di
Diste
Dio
Dimos
Disteis
Dieron
Vi
Viste
Vio
Vimos
Visteis
Vieron
Subject
Pronoun
To go
To be
To see
Conjugations Preterite & Imperfect
Irregular Verbs
Preterite vs. Imperfect

Translate the following sentences:
 When
I was a child, I didn’t speak Spanish.
Cuando era niño/a, no hablaba español.
 Last
night, I spoke Spanish with Ramón.
Anoche, yo hablé español con Ramón.
 Julio
had a CD player.
Julio tenía un tocadiscos.
Preterite vs. Imperfect
 Julio
sold his CD player.
Julio vendió su tocadiscos.
 Anita
was my best friend.
Anita era mi mejor amiga.
 Anita
left to live in México.
Anita se fue a vivir en México.
Preterite vs. Imperfect
 In
the summer we used to go to the beach.
En el verano, íbamos a la playa.
 Yesterday
we didn’t go to the beach.
Ayer, no fuimos a la playa.
PRETERITE OR IMPERFECT?
QUIZ (click here)
Preterite vs. Imperfect
To Describe:
A specific
action or event
completed in the
past.
Yo visité Puerto Rico.
Use:
Preterite
Preterite vs. Imperfect
To Describe:
The circumstances
of a past action
or event
Cuando tenía 16 años…
Use:
Imperfect
Preterite vs. Imperfect
To Describe:
An ongoing past
action or event
Use:
Imperfect
Mis primos vivía en San Juan entonces.
Preterite vs. Imperfect
To Describe:
A repeated past
action or event
Use:
Imperfect
Ellos me invitaban todos los veranos.
Preterite & Imperfect Closing
Three words about Preterit
Three words about Imperfect
Practice
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Video (click here)
Song (click here)
Exercises (click here)
Practice Test (click here)
Jeopardy Game (click here)
Preterite VS. Imperfect
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Preterite summary & practice (click here)
Newspaper analysis preterite vs.
imperfect:
1. El Mundo – españa
2. El Nuevo Día – Puerto rico
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Lyrics Music analysis
1. Good Bye – Subtittle (click here)
Online Resources
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

Conjugator (click here)
Translator (click here)
Spanish & English Dictionary (click here)