Transcript phrases - The Beat!

Parts of the Sentence
REVIEW
Sentence Parts Review
 SUBJECT: Noun phrase that tells who or what the
sentence is about.
 PREDICATE: Verb phrase that tells what happened
to the subject.
Sentence Parts Review
 DIRECT OBJECT: Noun phrase that receives the
action of a transitive verb.
 INDIRECT OBJECT: Noun phrase that tells for
whom or to whom a direct object was _______.
 OBJECT COMPLEMENT: A noun or adjective that
renames or further describes the direct object.
Sentence Parts Review
• PREDICATE NOUN: A noun which follows a linking
verb and renames the subject of the sentence.
(Subject Complement)
• PREDICATE ADJECTIVE: An adjective which
follows a linking verb and describes the subject of the
sentence. (Subject Complement)
Label the following sentences:
Ernest Hemingway wrote in a terse style.
The chef prepared lasagna.
I brought my brother a souvenir from my trip.
I chose the color purple.
My favorite food is goulash.
She stores the onions in the cellar.
PHRASES
 add more detail to a sentence that an adjective or
adverb alone cannot convey
 Definition a group of words that does not
include a subject and verb and cannot stand
alone as a sentence
 5 kinds of phrases: prepositional, appositive,
participial, gerund, and infinitive
What do phrases include?
Headword (which names the phrase)
+ Other words (modifiers, conj., prep. phrases)
 Prepositional
phrase headword = preposition
 Appositive phrase headword = appositive
 Gerund phrase headword = gerund
APPOSITIVE PHRASES
 Definition  noun or pronoun (appositive
headword) + modifiers (adjectives, adjective
phrases, prepositional phrases) that adds
information to a sentence
 Function IDENTIFYING or RENAMING
some noun or pronoun in the sentence.
They rename S, DO, PN, OC (anything that
can be a noun or a pronoun).
Example Sentences
Ernest Hemingway, a famous author, wrote in a terse style.
The chef prepared lasagna, an Italian dish.
I brought my brother, a boy of six, a souvenir from my trip.
I chose the color purple, an unusual color.
My favorite food is goulash, a hearty stew.
She stores the onions in the cellar, a cool, dry place.
APPOSITIVE PHRASES
 Definition  noun or pronoun (appositive
headword) with modifiers (adjectives, adjective
phrases, prepositional phrases) that adds
information to a sentence
 Function IDENTIFYING or RENAMING some
noun or pronoun in the sentence. They rename the
subject, direct object, indirect object, object
complement, predicate noun,
noun/pronoun in a prepositional phrase
Punctuation of Appositives
 If the information is essential to the meaning of the
sentence, do not place commas around the appositive
The popular US president John Kennedy was known
for his eloquent and inspirational speeches.
 Essential Information: Without the appositive, the
sentence would be, "The popular US president was
known for his eloquent and inspirational speeches." We
wouldn't know which president without the appositive.
Punctuation of Appositives
 If the sentence would be clear and complete without the
appositive, then commas are necessary; place one before
and one after the appositive.
John Kennedy, the popular US president, was known
for his eloquent and inspirational speeches.
 Non-Essential: Without the appositive, the sentence
would be, "John Kennedy was known for his eloquent
and inspirational speeches." We still know who the
subject of the sentence is without the appositive.
Identify Appositives & Appositive Phrases
1.
Anna Maria, a new student from Nicaragua, likes
science class.
2. The Hays High Steppers, our school dance team,
will be holding auditions this afternoon.
3. My sister Mona talked about farming, her new
obsession.
Practice
4. My friend John just got a new car, a 2001 Volvo.
5. Nigel, her cousin, will enroll at NC State, the best
vet school in the country.
6.
The next book in the series is the best one, Curious
George Goes to the Zoo.
Practice
7. She is practicing calligraphy, a form of writing.
8. Her parents are sending her on a European trip, a
generous gift.
8. Mrs. Wu, my English teacher, is introducing
gerunds.
Appositive goes in
parenthesis next to the
noun it is renaming.
Modifiers of the
appositive phrase hang
from it.
Diagramming
Appositive Phrases