Transcript Sentence Diagramming 1

Sentence Diagramming
Rationale for Learning
Sentence Diagramming
• Visually depicts relationships between & among
parts of speech
• Visually depicts relationships between & among
sentence parts
• Hands-on method for learning parts of speech and
sentence parts
• Students can easily display knowledge of parts of
speech
• Helps visual and spatial learners
• Helps mathematically minded students
• Helps prepare students for study of foreign
language
Simple Sentences
• Horizontal line represents the
sentence
• Vertical line separates the subject
and the predicate
verb
subject
Dogs
bark
Diagram these
sentences:
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2.
3.
4.
Ted ate.
Students study.
Carpenters build.
Redlands exists.
Subject modifiers (adjectives &
articles) go on slanted lines under the
words they modify.
subject
verb
students
ate
Diagram these
sentences:
• 1. The dogs bark.
• 2. Brave soldiers fight.
• 3. The successful student studied.
Predicate modifiers (such as
adverbs) go on slanted lines under
the words they modify.
subject
verb
Diagram these
sentences:
• 1. Dogs bark loudly.
• 2. The diamond earrings sparkled
beautifully.
• 3. The coyote sings mournfully.
• 4. The beautiful woman sat calmly.
Direct Objects (noun or pronoun that receives
the action--find the D.O. ask: who or what
was verbed?) go on the predicate line following
the verb. The verb and the d.o. are divided by
a vertical line that does not cross the
horizontal line.
subject
verb
direct object
Diagram these
sentences:
• 1. I hugged Danny.
• 2. John threw tomatoes.
• 3. She loves Harry Potter.
preposition + noun/pronoun
= prepositional phrase
• The noun at the end of a prepositional phrase is
called the object of the preposition.
• Prepositional phrases function as adjectives and
adverbs.
• Prepositional phrases may contain adjectives and
adverbs.
• Single sentences can have many prepositional
phrases.
To diagram prepositional
phrases…
• Draw the horizontal sentence line.
• Draw the vertical subject/predicate
line.
• Add the subject and the verb.
subject
verb
object of prep.
•Add a diagonal line for the preposition
•Add a horizontal line for the object of the preposition
•Add a diagonal line for the modifier of the object of the prep.
Diagram these sentences:
• 1. I went with Mary.
• 2. I walked across the road.
• 3. After school, they rode their
bikes.
• 4. Without hesitation, I lifted my
backpack onto the train.
Linking Verbs…(most
common is to be)
• show an emotional state or a state of being
• cannot be active verbs at the same time
(some verbs can be either active or linking,
such as feel, taste, etc.)
• do not take a direct object
• are followed by a noun/pronoun or an
adjective
• connect the subject to a noun/pronoun or an
adjective
Predicate nominatives follow linking
verbs. They are nouns or pronouns
that follows the verb and describe or
rename the subject.
• Predicate nominatives are separated by a slanted line that
points to the subject.
subject
verb
predicate nominative
Diagram these
sentences:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Fido is a dog.
Tiger Woods was the leader.
The fans were an embarrassment.
Carla is an unusual suspect.
Predicate Adjectives
• Adjectives that follow a linking verb.
• They modify the subject, not the
verb, but they go on the top line
because they are part of the
predicate.
subject
verb
predicate adjective
Diagram these
sentences:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Johnna feels sad.
Popcorn tastes yummy.
The flowers look beautiful.
He was sick.
Diagram:
• The yellow pencils are in the drawer.
• Katie went to the store before
school.
• That handsome man is a business
tycoon.
Indirect Objects
• Some action verbs have an indirect object as well
as a direct object.
• Indirect objects are usually placed directly
before the direct object.
• They answer the question “to what/whom?” or
“for what/whom?”
– Examples: She gave Dave a rose.
– I bought the little boy a lollipop.
To diagram indirect
objects:
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sentence line
subject/predicate line
subject/verb
direct object
Indirect object –diagonal line below verb, a little way up the line from the bottom,
draw a horizontal line that is attached to the slanted line and is parallel to the core sentence line.
subject
verb
direct object
indirect object
Diagram these
sentences:
• Friendly kids give smiles to new
students.
• The shy boy bought his teacher a
Valentine.
• Ernesto gave me the research paper.
Intensifiers:
adverbs that modify
adjectives
• Examples:
– really, so, very, too, quite
– extremely, relatively
• Diagram: The boy ran very fast.
boy
ran
Compound Subjects
• Aunt Amy and Uncle Gary gave us
cookies at the picnic.
Aunt Amy
and
Uncle Gary
gave
us
cookies
picnic
Compound Verbs & D.0.s
• They washed and dried the greasy
pots and dirty pans.
dried
and
and
They
pots
washed
pans
Diagram these
sentences:
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1. The ruby necklace is gorgeous.
2. Sam and Katie went to the store before school.
3. The grumpy woman yelled angrily and slammed the door.
4. Yesterday was a rainy day.
5. Two lonely men walked down the street.
6. Winston and Sam are silly.
7. Mrs. Brown is our teacher.
8. Julie gave Steven the book.
9. The bird flew gracefully over the ocean.
10. Today is Wednesday.
11. Kelli and Chet cook dinner on weekends.
12. No one likes Dick and Jane.