Transcript SPAG 2014-2015 - Burton on the Wolds Primary School

SPAG 2014-2015
What we need to know…
What are nouns?
• A noun is a word that labels or ‘names’
something. Nouns can name things, objects,
people or places.
• Most nouns can be singular (only one) or
plural (lots of them) e.g, cloud/clouds
Give me an example of…
• A proper noun…
• What does a proper noun always have?
• A common noun…
• An abstract noun…
What are nouns?
Proper nouns begin with capital letters and
name people, places, organisations and unique
things e.g, Tracey, London. Days of the week
and months should also begin with a capital.
• All other nouns are common nouns.
• A collective noun is a word that refers to a
group e.g, shoal, herd
What are nouns?
• Concrete nouns are nouns that name people,
places and things that can be experienced
through the five senses.
• For example, car, rain, bird.
• Abstract nouns name feelings, ideas and
concepts.
• For example, jealously, anger, love, hate.
What are verbs?
• A verb tells you what a person or thing is
being or doing.
• All sentences have a subject and a verb.
What are adjectives
• An adjectives is used to describe, or tell you
more, about a verb.
What are pronouns
• Give me an example of a pronoun…
• A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.
• It helps us to stop repeating a noun.
• Can you think of any?
Pronouns
• Singular= I, me, you, he, she, it, you, him, her,
mine, yours, his hers, its
• Plural = we, they, us, them, ours, yours, theirs
What are adverbs?
• An adverb tells you more about a verb (it
‘adds’ to the verbs)
• It could tell you:
• How?
• When?
• Where?
• Why?
Adverb or adjective?
Ask yourself, does it tell you what the noun is
like or does it answer how, when, where or why?
Examples:
Life is hard.
Kim works hard.
The train arrived early. I took an early train.
What are prepositions?
• A preposition tells you how things are related
(can indicate ‘position’ of something!)
• E.g, in, above, before, over, up, across, below,
in front, past, under, over
What are conjunctions?
• Conjunctions join together clauses to make
compound sentences.
• I went to the shop. I bought chocolate.
• I went to the shop and bought chocolate.
And, but, so, as or
What are articles?
• The words the, a or an go before the noun.
The, a, an
• ‘The’ is the definite article because it is used to indicate
something specific.
• ‘A’ and ‘An’ are indefinite articles because they are used to
refer to something unspecific
• You use ‘an’ if the noun begins with a vowel.
Examples of definite and indefinite
article
I fell over the chair.
• Definite: the chair is specific.
Could you pass me a chair?
• Indefinite: This means an unspecific chair. Any chair will
do.
What are determiners?
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Determiners help us pin down exactly which noun is being talked about. They come
before the noun.
We do not say
Dog barked at man
Rather, we would say which dog and which man by using determiners and say
That dog barked at this man.
Or perhaps,
His dog barked at that man
The six categories of determiners
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Articles: a, an, the
Demonstratives: this, that, those, theses
Possessives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
Quantifiers: many, few, some, any, no, much,
both, all, every, each, none of, a little
• Numbers: two, three, second, first
• Some question words: which (which dog),
what (what time), whose (whose handbag)
So you see how determiners help us
pin down exactly what is being
referred to
A spider
Two spindly spiders
Which spider?
I’m looking for my black hat
It is that black hat?
What are statements?
• These sentences state
facts.
• I like pandas.
• Next month will be June.
What are questions?
• A sentence which is asking for an
answer.
• Do you like chocolate?
• Where do pandas live?
What are commands?
• These sentences give orders or requests.
• Turn on the TV.
• Give me chocolate for my birthday.
What is a clause?
• A part of a sentence that
contains a verb and
someone/something doing
the action.
What is a phrase?
• A small part of a sentence,
usually without a verb,
• e.g. I have met many famous
pop stars.
What is a subordinate clause?
• The clause which is not the main clause- it
does not make sense on its own.
• The less important part of the sentence.
• e.g. While you were out, I watched TV.
• While you were out is the subordinate clause
because it doesn’t make sense on its own.
What is a prefix?
•Letters that can be put
in front of a word to
change its meaning, e.g.
unlock
What is a suffix?
•Letters that can be put
after a word to change
its meaning, e.g.
cheerful.
What is a synonym?
• Synonyms are words that have a similiar
meaning to another word.
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Bad- awful, terrible, horrible
Happy- content, joyful, pleased
Look- watch, stare, gaze
Walk- stroll, crawl, tread
What is an antonym?
• Antonyms have the opposite meaning of a
word.
• The antonym of up is down.
• The antonym of add is subtract.
• The antonym of happy is sad.