Transcript Informal tú commands

Informal Commands
WALK!
SLEEP!
EAT!
In Spanish…
• When we want to tell a friend to do
something we use informal (tú) commands…
• ¡Come! – EAT!
• ¡Camina!- WALK!
• ¡Duerme!- SLEEP!
Informal Commands
• Commands are used for both do’s and don’ts
• Lets begin with the do’s.
Hablar
Hablas
To state the do’s of most verbs,
of the regular tú form.
STATEMENT
COMMAND
(tú) caminas
¡Camina!
(tú) comes
¡Come!
(tú) duermes
¡Duerme!
drop the –s off
Walk!
Eat!
Sleep!
Los Irregulares
venir = ven
decir = di
salir = sal
* ir and ver have the same
hacer = haz
tú command, context will
tener = ten
determine the meaning.
ir
= ve
poner = pon
ser
= sé
(mantener= mantén)
Ven di sal haz ten
ve
Vin
weapons, eh!
Diesel
has
ten
pon
sé
Placement of reflexive and
object pronouns in tú commands.
- Pronouns are attached to affirmative commands. If the
command has two or more syllables, a written accent mark is
added to maintain the original stress pattern.
Rules for Accent Marks
Ex: alegrarse ¡Alégrate! (Be happy! ) •1 pronoun, 3rd syllable back
•2 pronouns, 4th syllable back
sentarse ¡siéntate (Sit down! )
pedir
¡Pídeselo! (Ask her for it!)
* Remember when using direct and indirect object pronouns. Indirect
object pronouns come first (people come first).
Practiquemos…
• Open the window!…
– Verb Abrir
• Put it in the tú form = tú abres
• Drop the –s = abre
¡Abre la ventana!
Más prática…
• Speak now!...
- Verb hablar
- Put hablar in the tú form= hablas
- Drop the –s = habla
¡Habla ahora!
Más práctica…
• Drink water!...
- Verb beber
- Put beber in the tú form= bebes
- Drop the –s = bebe
¡Bebe agua!
Negative Commands
• To state the don’ts- negative (tú) commands
-
Start with the present tense “yo”
Drop the “o”
Add the opposite tú ending.
(-as for er/ir verbs)
(-es for ar verbs)
STATEMENT
(yo) fumo (tú) fumas
(yo) corro (tú) corres
(yo) duermo; duermes
COMMAND
¡No fumes!
Don’t smoke!
¡No corras!
Don’t run!
¡No duermas! Don’t sleep!
Irregulares: dishes
dar
= no des
ir
= no vayas
saber = no sepas
hacer = no hagas
estar = no estés
ser
= no seas
* Place reflexive and object pronouns
before the verb in a negative command.
Ex: No te sientas triste.
No me lo digas.
Don’t feel sad
Don’t tell me (it).
Let’s work on negative commands…
• Don’t buy pizza!...
- Verb comprar
- Put comprar in the yo form= compro
- Put comprar in the tú form= compras
- Change the –as to –es= compres
¡No compres la pizza!
Let’s work on negative commands…
• Don’t open the door!...
- Verb abrir
- Put abrir in the yo form= abro
- Put abrir in the tú form= abres
- Change the –es to –as= abras
¡No abras la puerta!
Let’s work on negative commands…
• Don’t drink soda!...
- Verb beber
- Put beber in the yo form= bebo
- Put beber in the tú form= bebes
- Change the –es to –as= bebas
¡No bebas los refrescos!
Let’s work on negative commands…
• Don’t have a party!...
- Verb tener
- Put tener in the yo form= tengo
- Put tener in the tú form= tienes
- Change the –es to –as= tengas
¡No tengas una fiesta!
Let’s work on negative commands…
• Don’t go out!...
- Verb salir
- Put salir in the yo form= salgo
- Put salir in the tú form= sales
- Change the –es to –as= salgas
¡No salgas!
Any stem changes or spelling changes in the
“yo” form still remain in negative commands.
hablar
traer
decir
salir
conocer
= no hables
= no traigas
= no digas
= no salgas
= no conozcas
Verbs with spelling changes: -car,
-gar, and -zar
There are several verbs that change spelling when made
into negative commands to keep their sound…
1. Verbs ending in –car like
Practicar - ¡No practiques!
-c changes to a qu to keep the hard k sound
2. Jugar - ¡No juegues!
- g changes to gu to keep the hard g sound
3. Empezar - ¡No empieces!
- z changes to c to keep the “th” sound in Spain
Let’s work on negative commands…
• These next verbs have spell changes…
– Either g changes to gue OR c changes to a
que
Don’t play in the house!
- Verb jugar- in tú form = juegas
- Change –as to –es and remember spelling
change!= juegues
¡No juegues en la casa!
Let’s work on negative commands…
Don’t touch the piano!
-Verb tocar in tú form = tocas
-Change –as to –es and
remember the spelling change!= toques
¡No toques el piano!
Don’t arrive late!
¡No llegues tarde!
Te toca a ti…
Eat more fruit!
¡Come más frutas!
Sleep 8 hours a day!
¡Duerme ocho horas al día!
Te toca a ti…
Don’t run in the house!
¡No corras en casa!
Don’t open the book!
¡No abras el libro!