Transcript English 10 - ms. oliverio`s CLASSROOM webpage!

CP ENGLISH 10
 Please
have out a pen or pencil, your novel,
an extra sheet of lined paper.
 Today




you will:
Take the final TKAM assessment
Return your novel to Ms Oliverio
Smile knowing that this was your FINAL
novel for your sophomore year. 
No HW tonight.
ENGLISH 10
 Please
have out your binders to take notes
today. You may title your notes “Phrases”
 See
me if you need to make up any portion
of the test from the past two days.
FIRST… A REVIEW
 What
is the difference between an independent
clause and a dependent clause?
 Example:
 IC

= The boy washed his hands.
(Stands alone)
 DC

= Before the boy washed his hands
(Needs more information in order to make sense)
MORE REVIEW…
 What
types of clauses does a simple sentence
consist of?

A

A

One Ind. Clause.
compound sentence?
Two Ind. Clauses
What must be placed between these
two clauses?
A semi-colon or FANBOYS.
For, and, nor, but, or yet, so
complex sentence?
One Ind. Clause +
One Dep. Clause
When must a comma be inserted
between these two clause types?
When the Dep. Clause comes first!
PHRASES
PHRASE VS CLAUSE
Phrases
Clauses
A group of words
A group of words
That does NOT contain
That does contain
A subject and a verb
A subject and a verb
before St. Louis
before we went to St. Louis
smiling widely
Jayne was smiling widely.
a famous cartoon character
Minnie Mouse, a famous
cartoon character, first
appeared in 1937.
THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
Pre-:
in relation to
Posit-: to place, set, position
Prepositions
are used to show the
relationship between two things in
space, in time, or in condition.
PREPOSITIONS & SPACE
Here’s a rabbit
And here’s a box.
To understand what a preposition does, how many ways can we position
these two objects?
THE RABBIT IS NEXT TO THE BOX.
THE RABBIT IS BEHIND THE BOX.
THE RABBIT IS INSIDE THE BOX.
PREPOSITIONS & SPACE
 Prepositions
which show the relationship
between two items in space are common.
 Memorizing
some list isn’t necessary.
Just remember all the ways you can
position a rabbit around a box.
PREPOSITIONS & TIME
 Prepositions
also show the relative position of
two events in time.
 After
the game we went out for pizza.
 Snow
showers in March are common.
 Murph
visited the bathroom before his wedding
ceremony.
FREQUENTLY USED PREPOSITIONS


















about
away from
beside
during
on
underneath
above
apart from
besides
except
onto
until
according to
around
between
for
out (out of)
up


















across
aside from
beyond
from
outside
upon
after
at
by
in (into)
over
with
against
because of
by means of
including
past
within


















along
before
by way of
like
through
without
along with
behind
OF
near to
amid or amidst
below
despite of
towards
among
beneath
down
off
PRACTICE
In the following sentences, identify the
PREPOSITION and the Object of the preposition:
 The
book on the bathroom floor is swollen from
shower steam.
 The
sweet potatoes in the vegetable bin are green
with mold.
 The
note from Beverly confessed that she had eaten
the leftover pizza.
Consider: Which? How? When? Where?
PRACTICE
In the following sentences, identify the
PREPOSITION and the Object of the preposition:
 Freddy
is stiff from yesterday's long football
practice.
 Before
class, Josh begged his friends for a pencil.
 Feeling
brave, we tried the Dragon Breath Burritos
at Tito's Taco Palace.
Consider: Which? How? When? Where?
ANY QUESTIONS? 
BEGIN TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK…
Complete
Packet.
We
Pages 2-3 of the provided
will go over answers tomorrow.
Consider:
Where?
Which? How? When?
ENGLISH 10
 Please
have out your completed
“Prepositional Phrases” HW from
yesterday.
 Today you will:
Review all homework answers
 Complete a “hunt” prepositional phrases
activity
 Discuss Prepositions and punctuation

DIRECTIONS: IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CIRCLE
THE PREPOSITION(S).










The boy was cold so he went inside the house
Near the school, the students were talking.
During the school dance, the young couple danced
awkwardly.
Someone walked into the classroom late.
The iPhone sat upon the dresser in the girl’s bedroom.
He leaned against the wall and thought about the choice he’d
made.
The three friends decided to stand in front of the kid being
bullied.
The girl’s father and mother decided the stray dog could not
stay outside the house.
Someone is at the door, please answer it.
Lansing and Detroit are two of the biggest cities in Michigan.
DIRECTIONS: IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CIRCLE
THE PREPOSITION(S) AND DRAW AN ARROW TO THE
OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION(S).
The book with the black cover contains valuable
information.
 All the passengers were without fear when the plane hit
turbulence.
 That gift, inside the big box, is from me.
 My boss, during the football game, pulled me into work.
 The author’s clues, within the first few chapters, will
foreshadow the ending.
 Among the students, that boy was the best option.
 The extra clothes are in the closet under the shoe boxes.
 Oscar, without the others, will go to the school.
 The students, beside the lockers, are obviously late.
 Tell me more about the book you read last week.

USE THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES PROVIDED TO WRITE A
COMPLETE SENTENCE. CIRCLE THE PREPOSITION AND DRAW
AN ARROW TO THE OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION.
Under the bed
 After the movies
 Inside the classroom
 Within city limits
 Toward the back
 On top of the house
 Since last night
 Around the house
 Before breakfast
 Down by the beach

SIZ MINUTE EGG HUNT…
I have hidden 10 Easter eggs in this room for you to
locate.
 Do not reveal the location of these once you find them…
Instead you are going to tell me that you’ve found them by
listing prepositional phrases which state the location.
 The difficulty will increase with the more you find.
 For example:






The Easter egg is next to the Smart Board.
The Easter egg is next to the Smart Board and above the chalk.
The Easter egg is next to the Smart Board, above the chalk,
and under a shamrock.
The Easter egg is next to the Smart Board, above the chalk,
under a shamrock, and behind the chair.
The 10th egg you find must be identified using 10
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES!!! MUAHAHA!
20 QUESTIONS
Within your groups, play the game of 20
Questions.
 Have one person select a secret item from within
the room.
 You may ONLY ask questions which incorporate
prepositional phrases.

Is the object near the windows?
 Is the object beneath either of the clocks?
 Is the object above computers?


You may NOT ask what the object looks like. 
WORK ON YOUR HW FOR THE
REMAINDER OF CLASS…
 Packet
Work Pgs 4-5
 You may only be working on this for
the remainder of class…
 REMEMBER:
Prepositional Phrases
usually answer the questions:
WHERE? WHEN? WHICH? HOW?
ENGLISH 10 – BELL WORK

Examine the following word sets, tell me each group
serves as a phrase or clause. Be prepared to explain
your answers! Have out your HW from last night.

Of the pieces

above the garage

Of angry teenagers

Until we learn the results

She drove the bus.
= Phrase. Answers WHICH?
= Phrase. Answers WHERE?
= Phrase. Answers WHICH?
= Dependent clause. Sub +Verb
= Independent clause. Sub +Verb
LETS GO OVER YOUR HW 
1. The car crashed into the pole.
2. The firefighters worked hard during the fire.
3. George walked toward the school after soccer practice. (2
prepositional phrases)
4. Lucy tripped over the bump in the ground. (2 prepositional
phrases)
5. Ask your mother for the answers.
6. Yesterday, the new security guard stood inside the lobby and
watched carefully.
7. He searched under his bed hoping to find his backpack?
LETS GO OVER YOUR HW 
8. The school dance, after school, will take place in the gym. (2
prepositional phrases)
9. Edgar walks in front of the three kids, ignoring them
completely.
10. There is no doubt that, behind all the lies, she wanted to
help.
11. On the fridge, my daughter’s project, from school, is proudly
hung. (2 prepositional phrases)
12. A group of angry bees attacked viciously.
13. Devon gave his wife a vase with flowers inside of it.
(2 prepositional phrases)
14. You sounded upset on the phone, but now you seem okay.
15. The man looked full after dinner but ordered desert anyway.
PREPOSITIONS AND STYLE

Writers will often use a series of prepositional phrases
to create suspense.

CAUTION: Too many prepositional phrases strung
together can also be overwhelming.

In the middle of the stormy afternoon out at the point of the bay
near the lighthouse parking lot next to the visitors center, a
solitary figure hunched over the wheel of a 1972 Chevelle idling
its massive engine.
SOMETHING NEW…
Beware the
dreaded
“OF”
1)
Both of the trolls lived under the bridge.
2)
Some of the elves refused to help Santa make the toys.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Draw a box around the subject of each sentence.
Draw a box around the verb of each sentence.
Underline the prepositional phrases in the sentences below
Circle the preposition
Draw an arrow to the object of the preposition.
EXAMPLE FROM HW
3) One of the dragon’s eggs cracked!
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Draw a box around the subject of each sentence.
Draw a box around the verb of each sentence.
Underline the prepositional phrases in the
sentences below
Circle the preposition
Draw an arrow to the object of the preposition.
FOR THE REMAINING CLASS TIME…
 Complete
the provided “Prepositional
Phrases” assignment 
 We
will go over the answers on Monday.
If you finish early, see me to retrieve a
“Prepositional Mad Libs” sheet to
complete with other people at your desk.
Or create your own MadLib sheet for me
to use with my other classes. 
PREPOSITIONS AND PUNCTUTATION
A
comma attaches a series of
prepositional phrases at the beginning
of a sentence (introductory)

Except when the very next word after the
comma is a verb.
Among the tall sycamores along the river
, we set up our overnight camp.
Among the tall sycamores along the river
was where we set up our overnight
camp.
ENGLISH 10


Please have out your homework from this past
weekend.
Also, have out your binders. We will be moving
forward and discussing a NEW type of phrase
today.  APPOSITIVE PHRASES
PUT PARENTHESES AROUND EACH
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
1. The cow jumped over the moon.
2. The dish ran away with the spoon.
3. Old Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard.
4. I came to Casablanca for the waters.
5. They take care of everything from soup to nuts.
6. Let’s keep this between you and me.
7. Hank drank three pints of soda.
8. Bill filled three holes with sand.
9. Nancy fancied a piece of cake with chocolate icing.
10. She hung her coat in the closet.
11. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
12. A package came for Bill.
13. Time and tide wait for no man.
DIRECTIONS: PUT PARENTHESES ( ) AROUND
EACH PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE; THEN DECIDE
WHETHER THE OBJECT IS A NOUN (N) OR A
PRONOUN (P).
14. I sent it to Jerry, George, and Elaine.
15. I sent it to them.
16. People in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
17. The neighbors across the street often throw
stones at us.
18. Stones were thrown by me and my brother.
EXERCISE 1: DIRECTIONS: UNDERLINE THE
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN THE SENTENCES BELOW.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Both of the trolls lived under the bridge.
Some of the elves refused to help Santa make the toys.
One of the dragon's eggs cracked!
Two of the baby dragon's claws stuck through the shell.
Many of the ogres had blood dribbling down their chins.
Most of the knights who had come to slay the ogres had
been devoured.
Either of the fairies could have been the one of evil
repute.
EXERCISE 1: DIRECTIONS: UNDERLINE THE
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN THE SENTENCES BELOW.
8. None of the children had been switched at birth.
9. Most of the mothers hoped so, at least.
10. However, one of the babies had little wings.
11. The sorceress's bag of winds had been stolen by the
sailor.
12. In the dark of the night the sailor sneaked away from
the island.
13. The sailor opened the bag of winds.
14. One of the winds filled the sails.
15. Another of the winds blew open the sorceress's
window.
16. A lamp of crystal fell and shattered, waking the
sorceress.
EXERCISE 1: DIRECTIONS: UNDERLINE THE
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES IN THE SENTENCES BELOW.
17. The eyes of the sorceress's cat glowed red with anger.
18. The sorceress of unsurpassed kindness and power
awoke.
19. The winds of the bag howled for the sorceress.
20. Most of the winds returned to sorceress.
21. The one remaining wind blew the sailor far from the
island.
22. A drawer of the bureau opened, and the winds folded
themselves into the drawer.
23. The sorceress waved her hand, and all of the pieces of
crystal reassembled into a lamp.
APPOSITIVES
A SPICY SUBSTITUTE
Phrases which immediately redefine a noun
 *REMEMBER - PHRASES DO NOT INCLUDE A VERB
 Appositives can vary in length.

A short appositive is fewer than 5 words
 A long appositive is 5+ words


Which underlined segment below contains an appositive?
Chicago, home of the NL
Chicago, which is the
Cubs, is the largest city in home of the NL Cubs, is
the Midwest.
the largest city in the
Midwest.
APPOSITIVES
•
Example 1: Chicago, home of the NL Cubs,
is the largest city in the Midwest.
•
Example 2: Chicago, which is the home of
the NL Cubs, is the largest city in the
Midwest.
•
Example 2 is NOT a phrase; it is a
dependent clause.
APPOSITIVES AND PUNCTUATION
Short appositives need no punctuation
 Long appositives must be set off with commas.
 **The important point to remember is that a
nonessential appositive is always separated from
the rest of the sentence with comma(s).

My teacher Ms. Oliverio likes grammar.
 Ms. Oliverio, my sophomore-year English
composition teacher, likes grammar.

APPOSITIVES AND PUNCTUATION
When the appositive begins the sentence, it looks like this:
 A hot-tempered tennis player, Mozena charged the umpire
and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
When the appositive interrupts the sentence, it looks like
this:
 Mozena, a hot-tempered tennis player, charged the umpire
and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
And when the appositive ends the sentence, it looks like this:
 Upset by the bad call, the crowd cheered Mozena, a hottempered tennis player who charged the umpire and tried
to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
APPOSITIVES AND STYLE

To develop a more natural voice in your writing, use
appositives to
 replace a series of short, choppy, and ineffective
sentences
 convey dramatic pauses or emphasis
 serve as a transitional element from one idea to
the next
The man was a software engineer for Microsoft. He
played blues guitar in a band called The Pocket
Protectors.
The man, a software engineer for Microsoft, played
blues guitar in a band called the Pocket Protectors.
Eleanor Roosevelt, a courageous woman of compassion and of conscience, played a significant role in ending
segregation in the armed forces during World War II.
The leading Hollywood heartthrob in the 1920s was Douglas Fairbanks. A natural acrobat, this early star of the
silver screen performed all of his own stunts.
PRACTICE:




1. The monkey, a nimble animal, is often found in
the jungle.
2. Amanda Blevins, a teacher at Tri-Valley, works
with many aspiring musicians.
3. Before you trash BoBo, your last childhood stuffed
animal, consider saving it.
4. The coast of Africa, one of the world's largest
continents, is a prosperous trading region.
TONIGHT FOR HOMEWORK…
 Complete
parts 1-4 of the assigned
packet which we will go over
tomorrow in class.
 You
should use the remaining class
time to get started. 
WELCOME BACK!
ENGLISH 10


HAVE OUT YOUR APPOSITIVE HOMEWORK FROM
LAST NIGHT. THIS WILL BE CHECKED AS PART OF
A COMPLETION GRADE.
Today you will:




Receive a course scheduling sheet for next year. DUE FRIDAY!
Review the HW assignment from last night in your groups.
Complete a small in class activity dealing with appositive
phrases.
*Any missing/late work you have should be turned in to
the class bin. I will submit final 3nd quarter grades for this
class this weekend.
IDENTIFY AND UNDERLINE THE
APPOSITIVE FOUND IN EACH SENTENCE.
1. The monkey, a nimble animal, is often found in the jungle.
2. Amanda Blevins, a teacher at Tri-Valley, works with many aspiring
musicians.
3. Before you trash BoBo, your last childhood stuffed animal, consider
saving it.
4. The coast of Africa, one of the world's largest continents, is a
prosperous trading region.
5. Mr. Shawger hired two new teachers, Mr. West and Ms. Verhoff.
6. The fastest animal, the peregrine falcon, can travel more than 100
miles per hour at certain times.
7. Our family visited The Smithsonian Institution, a vast network of
galleries in Washington, D..
8. Our neighbor and his daughters, Allie and Cherokee, take walks
every evening.
9. The giant plane, a Boeing 747, launched into the air.
10. The flashlight should be returned to Evan, the owner.
PART II. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, ADDING
APPOSITIVE PHRASES AS SPECIFIED IN PARENTHESIS.
PUNCTUATE THE APPOSITIVE PHRASES USED AND
UNDERLINE THEM. (NOTE: YOU CAN ADD APPOSITIVES
AFTER ANY NOUN IN THE SENTENCE.)
11. Gage turned the car to the left. (Begin your appositive with a
negation.)
12. The smugglers took the contaminated fish to market. (Begin
your appositive with the word “fish.”)
13. The pilot ate his dessert while he was piloting the plane.
(Begin your appositive with the pronoun “something.”)
14. The students entered the talent show. (Begin your appositive
with the connective word “especially.”)
PART II. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, ADDING
APPOSITIVE PHRASES AS SPECIFIED IN PARENTHESIS.
PUNCTUATE THE APPOSITIVE PHRASES USED AND
UNDERLINE THEM. (NOTE: YOU CAN ADD APPOSITIVES
AFTER ANY NOUN IN THE SENTENCE.)
15. The woman drank tea before sleeping. (Begin your
appositive with the word “tea.”)
16. The boys choose to go watch action movies. (Begin your
appositive with the negation “never.”)
17. Doughnuts are often high in fat. (Begin your appositive
with the pronoun “the kind.”)
18. The dinner was given by the people at the church. (Begin
your appositive with the connective “mainly.”)
WRITE THREE SENTENCES INCLUDING APPOSITIVES OR
APPOSITIVE PHRASES:



1) One sentence with an appositive beginning the
sentence.
2) One sentence with an appositive interrupting the
sentence.
3) One sentence with an appositive ending the
sentence.
PART IV. COMBINE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING
APPOSITIVE PHRASES. PUNCTUATE AND UNDERLINE THE
APPOSITIVES THAT ARE USED.
22.
A. The California coastline is the longest of all the
states.
B. The California coastline is a national treasure.
23.
A. The sick elephant attacked its trainer.
B. The sick elephant is the one in the third cage.
PART IV. COMBINE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING
APPOSITIVE PHRASES. PUNCTUATE AND UNDERLINE THE
APPOSITIVES THAT ARE USED.
24.
A. The careless man shot a condor.
B. The condor is the rarest bird in California.
25.
A. The basketball players make millions of dollars a
year.
B. Kobe makes millions of dollars a year. (Hint: Use a
connective word.)
C. Shaq makes millions of dollars a year.
CREATE APPOSITIVE PHRASES WITHIN YOUR
GROUPS WHICH CENTER AROUND THE
FOLLOWING TOPICS:

Easter

Springtime

Ms. Oliverio

Homework

Taco Bell
TONIGHT FOR HOMEWORK…
Complete
parts V-VI of the
appositive phrases packet. 
PERIOD 4 – FIND YOUR NEW SEATS 
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
Kane Ludwig
11)
Bryce Mahon
12)
Destiny Moyer 13)
Jackson Clapper 14)
Royce Susil
15)
Kelsey Heagen 16)
Evan Ashton
17)
Mason Clark
18)
Averie Kowalski 19)
Parker Kelly
20)
Jaden Johnson 21)
Michael Carter 22)
Hannah Harris 23)
-----24)
Hannah Roberts 25)
Degan Sharrer
Colt Moore
Noah Turner
Erik Daniels
Sheyenne Harris
Hunter Frakes
Easton Wilcox
Spencer Jenkins
Tyler Carroll
Tristin Squires
PERIOD 7 – FIND YOUR NEW SEATS 
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
Austin Penny
11)
Jared Bryan
12)
Cherokee Newell13)
Bryce Miller
14)
Brett Swope
15)
Jack Price
16)
Jon Tanner
17)
Wyatt Lane
18)
Gage Batteiger
19)
Jordan
Schneider
20)
Trey Bonar
21)
Ted McPherson 22)
Allie Scott
23)
Jacob Mozena 24)
Tyler Hurley
25)
------Cordell Williams
Brianna
Garletts
Shaide Ryan
Nick Waltz
Chris Kraus
Kyle Hindel
Kaitlin Rutter
Earnest
Foreman
Keaton Harter
ENGLISH 10
 Please
have out your appositive phrases
homework at the start of class for us to go
over.
 If
completed, please turn in your schedule
request sheet from yesterday to the class bin.
 Turn
in any late/missing work to the class
bin. I will be submitting grades this
weekend. 
Part V: DIRECTIONS: Underline the appositive phrases in the sentences below.
(Not all sentences will have appositives.)
1. Queen Victoria, one of England's greatest monarchs, ruled for sixty-three years.
2. Jaden made the salad, a tossed one with French dressing.
3. Mr. Penny, the pro at the country club, is giving me golf lessons.
4. James Hilton's book Lost Horizon has been filmed twice.
5. Chemistry, Brianna's favorite subject on her schedule, is easy for her.
6. Jackson is visiting in Peoria, his old hometown from his childhood.
7. Mr. and Mrs. Miller, our neighbors for the past eight years, are moving to Dallas.
8. Have you ever read The Red Pony, a novel by John Steinbeck?
9. Groucho Marx, the star of many film comedies, also had his own television show.
10. The boys repaired our television set, an eighteen-year-old portable.
11. The poem, one of Robert Frost's best, is called "The Death of the Hired Man.“
12. I can't find my notebook, the one I use for history class.
13. Jack's new suit, a gray flannel one, makes him look much older.
14. We enjoy walking, an exercise which requires no great skill.
15. The theater, an old and drafty one, is nevertheless always crowded.
Part VI: DIRECTIONS: Insert punctuation as necessary following the rules for appositives. Some
sentences may not need punctuation.
1.
My tutor Mrs. Tippie has taught for many years.
2.
The two-car garage is attached to the house a three-story restored Victorian with wrap-around porch.
3.
My sister a graduate of the University of Iowa is now studying law.
4.
Our dog a cocker spaniel named Farley is ten years old.
5.
Mrs. Brennan the president of the company will speak at the dinner
6.
American journalist John Reed helped found the Communist Labor Party in America.
7.
My sister, who is a supervisor at Crenos, drives a company car a 2007 Volkswagen Turbo Beetle.
8.
I took a cookie from Hannah the woodcutter's daughter.
9.
Og the King of Bashan in the Bible was saved from the flood by climbing onto the roof of the ark.
10. I once saw the famous ballerina Margot Fonteyn.
11. Elkie Fern a professional botanist from the University of Vancouver led the kids on a nature hike.
12. Elsa a good country woman from Freesia has a daughter Ulga.
13. Sllversmith and a soldier Paul Revere was famous for his "midnight ride.“
14. I read a biography of Disraeli the 19th-century statesman and novelist.
ADDITIONAL PRACTICE… FILL IN THE APPOSITIVE
PHRASE AS I REVEAL THE REST OF THE SENTENCE


Leonardo DiCaprio was awarded his first Grammy,
______________________.
Ms. Oliverio, ________________________, wants each of her
students to excel.

Brandon paid $350 for his new iPhone, ______________.

Chipotle, ____________________, will be closed on Sunday.

___________________, prom is likely to be a success this year.

Easter, ___________________, will occur on Sunday, March
27th during our Spring Break.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASES – OUR FINAL PHRASE TYPE!!
Participial phrases are a group of words that begins
with a verb.
 This group of words acts like an adjective.
 This phrase must be attached to its noun.


Grinning shyly at the teacher’s discomfort with texting,
the student nevertheless taught her instructor how to
send his first txt msg.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASES AND PUNCTUATION


When participial phrases begin a sentence, they are
ALWAYS connected with a comma
When participial phrases appear elsewhere, they
are set off with commas ONLY when the phrase is
NON-ESSENTIAL.
SINCE ALL PHRASES REQUIRE TWO OR MORE
WORDS, A PARTICIPLE PHRASE WILL OFTEN
INCLUDE OBJECTS AND/OR MODIFIERS THAT
COMPLETE THE THOUGHT. HERE ARE SOME
EXAMPLES:

Crunching caramel corn for the entire movie

Washed with soap and water

Stuck in the back of the closet behind the obsolete
computer
PARTICIPLE PHRASES ALWAYS FUNCTION AS
ADJECTIVES, ADDING DESCRIPTION TO THE
SENTENCE. READ THESE EXAMPLES:

The horse trotting up to the fence hopes that you
have an apple or carrot.


The water drained slowly in the pipe clogged with
dog hair.


Trotting up to the fence modifies the noun horse.
Clogged with dog hair modifies the noun pipe.
Eaten by mosquitoes, we wished that we had made
hotel, not campsite, reservations.

Eaten by mosquitoes modifies the pronoun we.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASES AND STYLE

You can create a more natural writing style with
participial phrases by using them to

Combine short, choppy sentences

De-emphasize less significant but still interesting
information

Create dramatic tension
Vince Lombardi was never satisfied with mediocre
effort. He often blasted his football players with cold
showers after a particularly poor performance.
Never satisfied with mediocre effort, Vince Lombardi
often blasted his football players with cold showers
after a particularly poor performance.
Noblesville, known for many years as the most Republican community in the nation, has been featured on 60
Minutes twice.
Standing on the brink of history, waiting until that last moment to depress the launch button, NASA Mission
Control Chief Eugene Krebs never doubted the success of the Apollo 11 mission.
HOMEWORK FOR TONIGHT
Pages
1-2 of your new
participial phrases packet.
EXERCISE #5
1. The tourists saw several museums filled with masterpieces from the Renaissance.
2. Anyone entering the area will be subject to a security check.
3. Please scan all of the letters written before 2008.
4. Angered by the waiter's attitude, Mr. Stingy did not leave a tip.
5. The child threw his spoon into the soup spilling part of the soup onto the tablecloth.
6. Annoyed by the noisy students, Bill left the library early.
7. Nobody knew the man sitting next to the governor.
8. Sentries placed at the gates guarded the castle.
9. Troubled by constant complaint, the community association called a meeting.
10. Two men loaded supplies into the truck parked at the service entrance.
11. Rebuffing our efforts at explanation, the company dismissed us.
12. The elephants were relocated by helicopters equipped with long steel cables.
13. Jen liked to think of the ocean as a habitat for creatures sharing the planet with her.
14. Citizens forced into poverty by unfair government policies will usually
support a new candidate.
15. Dazzled by the orchestra's brilliant performance, the audience clapped wildly.
16. The crowds, milling around the accident scene, were dazed by what they had seen.
17. The movers finally arrived in a large van loaded with furniture and boxes.
18. We looked over the rules explaining the game.
19. A wave curling over the surfer seemed to swallow him for a moment.
20. The team soundly defeated anyone threatening their push to the championship.
EXERCISE #6
21. Stumbling over the junk I decided to clean up the garage.
22. The farm devastated by the storm lay in ruins.
23. Having studied for hours I went for a walk.
24. We watched the cliff being dashed by the waves.
25. Packing carefully we prepared for our camping trip.
26. Yelling with all our might we sat in the cheering section.
27. Did anyone ever tell you that you have a winning smile?
28. Feeling like a fool I appeared from behind the curtain in a checkered costume.
29. Blushing Estrella accepted the praise of her cycling buddies.
30. What should we do with this picked fruit?
31. The leaning buildings were knocked down by the wrecking ball.
32. Breathing hard the runners crossed the finish line.
33. The dog caught between the two fierce cats fled the yard.
34. Badly injured the accident victims were helicoptered to the trauma center.
35. Holding our breaths we watched the hero being stalked by the villain.
36. The crumpled shipment of dishes contained many cracked items.
37. Tires screaming the racing car rounded the track.
38. The photographer shooting the wedding focused several pictures
on the smiling parents.
39. The speaker at the museum was a respected environmentalist.
40. My typing rate changed drastically due to my broken wrist.
41. Hoping for the best we opened the basement door after the raging flood.
42. The team has finally broken its losing streak!
43. Don’t forget your backpack lying behind the sofa.
SUMMARY
How to Mark It What It
Does
Example
How to
Spot It
Prepositional
Appositive
Verbal
A phrase beginning with
a preposition and ending
with a noun or pronoun
A phrase beginning
with a noun that
immediately follows
another noun
A phrase beginning
with a verb form
(typically ending in –
ing, -ed/-en, or –t)
On the road near
Chattanooga, we stopped
at an antiques store
before lunch.
• My sister Jeanne is
an accountant.
• The Pet of the Week
was a cat, a long-haired
Persian named Murray.
• Seated in the rear of
the room, the tardy
student slid
inconspicuously into
her seat.
• The girl visiting her
aunt arrived by train.
Shows the relationship
between two objects or
ideas in terms of space or
time
Immediately redefines
a noun
Acts as an adjective
A comma attaches a
series of introductory
prepositional phrases AS
LONG AS no verb
follows the phrases
directly
Commas set off long
appositives of more
than 5 words. Short
appositives of less than
5 words do not need
commas.
A comma attaches an
introductory verbal
phrase.
Other verbal phrases
need commas ONLY
when they are nonessential.