Transcript Parts of Speech

PARTS OF SPEECH
NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
• Nouns and pronouns make up the subject of the sentence.
• The subject is what the sentence is about.
• Nouns- People, places, things, and ideas
• Pronouns- words that can stand in for nouns in a sentence
NOUNS- COMMON OR PROPER
• Nouns are classified as either common or proper
• Common nouns are the everyday, generic versions (these are never capitalized)
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state
phone
woman
• Proper nouns are the specific name of a person, place, or thing (these are always
capitalized)
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Kentucky
iPhone 6
Ms. Eveleth
NOUNS- SINGULAR OR PLURAL
• Nouns can either be singular or plural
• Singular-means only one
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Boy
Book
office
• Mouse
• Fox
• Wish
• Plural- means more than one
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Nouns follow specific rules to become plural.
Boys
Books
Offices
• Mice
• Foxes
• Wishes
PRONOUNS
• Pronouns can replace the nouns in a sentence to make the sentence easier to
understand.
• Common pronouns include: I, me, my, her, she, him, his, they, theirs, ours, them, us, you, it
• Any word that ends in –self or –selves
• Words like that, few, many, some, anyone, several, all, etc. are also pronouns
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They take the place of an indefinite amount of things or people.
PRONOUNS & ANTECEDENTS
• Pronouns take the place of what?
• Noun
• The word that a pronoun replaces is called an antecedent.
• Pronouns must always agree with their antecedents in:
• Number (singular or plural)
• Gender (he, she, or it)
• Person(1st, 2nd, 3rd)
POINT OF VIEW
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3 types of point of view
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1st Person
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Use when talking about yourself
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Those books belong to me?
2nd Person
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Use when talking to someone next to you
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I used the phone to call home.
Would you like to go see a movie?
Are those your magazines?
3rd Person
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Use when you are talking about a third person that isn’t there
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He has the best free throw record of the whole team.
What is her favorite song?
I can’t think of a better place for it.
• The shoppers couldn’t find it car in the parking lot.
• Ricardo liked the movie, but they liked the popcorn more.
• When the bad news arrived, she came with some good news.
WHAT’S A VERB?
• Verbs are action words. A verb can express
• A physical action (to swim, to write, to play)
• A mental action (to think, to guess)
• A state of being (to be, to exist, to appear)
Jane walked to the store.
We think you are incorrect.
VERB TENSE (SIMPLE)
• Different forms a verb are called Tenses
• Simple Present Tense
• Action that happens now or on a regular basis
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She is teaching right now.
• Simple Past Tense
• Shows something that happened in the past
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She taught this class last week.
• Simple Future Tense
• Shows something that has not happened yet
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Future tense is formed by using a helping verb like will or shall to the present tense
She will be teaching for the next few weeks.
REGULAR VS IRREGULAR VERBS
• Regular Verb
• To form the past tense of most verbs, add –ed
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Jump → Jumped
• To form the present tense of most verbs, add –s or –es.
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Speak → Speaks
• To form the future tense of most verbs, add a helping verb before the main verb
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Fix→ will fix
IRREGULAR VERBS
• With irregular verbs, there is no rule...
• Sometimes the verb changes completely:
sing, sang, sung
• Sometimes there is "half" a change: buy, bought, bought
• Sometimes there is no change: cut, cut, cut
ADJECTIVES
• Adjectives describe, or modify, the noun or pronoun.
• They Describe which one, what kind, or how many.
The large dog chased three brown cats through a long and winding alley.
• Adjectives usually appear next to the noun or pronoun, but can sometimes
be in other parts of the sentence.
WHAT KIND, HOW MANY, WHICH ONE?
• Dan decided that the fuzzy green bread would make an unappetizing sandwich.
• What kind of bread? Fuzzy and green! What kind of sandwich?
Unappetizing!
• Seven hungry space aliens slithered into the diner and ordered vanilla
milkshakes.
• How many hungry space aliens? Seven!
• The most unhealthy item from the cafeteria is the steak sub.
• Which item from the cafeteria? Certainly not the steak sub!
FIND THE ADJECTIVES!
*REMEMBER TO ASK WHAT KIND, HOW MANY, WHICH ONE?*
• The star-shaped kite glided through the air.
• Jennifer covered her bedroom walls with neon
green paint.
• The racing boat zoomed over the calm surface of the
lake.
• The cave was dark and cold.
• Many fans turned out for the big championship game.
ADJECTIVES TO HELP COMPARE
• Adjectives help to compare two nouns.
• Jane is shorter than her brother.
• Shorter describes Jane in relation to her brother.
• Fido has the largest bark of all the dogs at the park
• Largest describes the bark of Fido in relation to the bark of the
other dogs.
• Use –er to compare only two things. Use –est to compare three or more
things.
• Use with small words (two syllables or less)
• Big, small, large, short, tall, etc.
COMPARING WITH ADJECTIVES
• When the adjective you are using has two or more syllables
• When comparing two things, use more or less. (comparative)
• Wanda is more dedicated than Jamie.
• Juliet as less experience than Romeo.
• When comparing three or more things, use most or least. (superlative)
• She is the most dedicated student I have ever had in class.
• She is the least experienced candidate for the position.
ADVERBS
• Adverbs are words that modify, or describe verbs, adjectives, or other
adverbs.
• An adverb can describe how an action happens.
• example: Jason quickly read the book.
• How did Jason read? Quickly.
• An adverb can describe when an action happens.
• example: Emma left early.
• When did Emma leave? Early.
• An adverb can describe where an action happens.
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example: Lily and Ben played here.
Where did Lily and Ben play? Here.
COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS
• Comparative adverbs compare the action of two people or things.
• Sam ran faster than John.
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compares the action (ran) of Sam and John.
• Superlative adverbs compare the action (verb) of a group larger than two.
• Sam ran the fastest of everyone.
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Compares Sam’s action to everyone else's.