Transcript Powerpoint - Martin Edwardes

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Martin Edwardes
King’s College London
[email protected]
Anarres
Anarresti (Pravic?) words
Person Names
Shevek
Takver
Bedap
Palat
Rulag
Pipar
Tirin
Kadagv
Gibesh
Kvetur
Pesus
Gimar
Shevet
Rovab
Beshun
Vokep
Sabul
Sadik
Mitis
Gvarab
Tober
Kokvan
Pegvur
Desar
Sessur
Salas
Person Names
Simas
Farigv (Pravic creator)
Terrus
Richat
Bunub
Labeks
Shipeg
Pilun
Ferdaz
Trepil
Skovan
Gezach
Terzol
Tinan
Kvigot
Turib
Words not in Pravic
Forest (p25)
Splendour (p27)
Place Names
Sorruba [Sea]
Ne Theba [mountains]
Chalar
Rolny Pan
Grana [Valley]
Temaenian [Sea] {tema’eni’an}
Segvina [Island]
Keraw [Sea]
Cyreen [Sea] {čaɪre’en}
Sael [Sea] {sa’el}
Abbenay [city] {ab’bena’aɪ, not abenaɪ}
Ne Theras [mountains]
Chakar
Chatar
Other Pravic words
Ammar, ammari : brother, brothers; the general term of address, like comrade
Holum : plants native to Anarres
Mamme : female carer. An Anarresti child can have several mammes [mammi?]
Tadde : Male carer. There can be several taddes [taddi?]
Kleggich : drudgery; work which is not also play; necessary nonvocational tasks.
Abbenay : the-mind [special meaning]
Pravic : The language
[profiteer] : Iotic word used as an insult
[diseased] : socially disaffected, discontented, alienated
[work] = [play] : same word in Pravic (p83)
[wallowing] : coating continually and thickly with excrement (p274)
The Pravic alphabet
Roman
Symbol
Sound
a
bat
e
Terminator
Letter
Sound
B
bat
barn
BB
grab bag
bet
bake
C
loch
i
bit
beet
CH
chat
o
pot
bone
D
dad
u
but
boot
DD
red dog
y
byte
byte
F
The root syllables are emphasised, the
prefix and suffix syllables are reduced.
So miSTerretu is pronounced
mi- Sterret -u.
Phonology problems
1. What is a Y?
2. What to do with vowel digraphs
(e.g. Cyreen, Abbenay, Temaenian)
3. Lengthened terminator vowels
4. What is a C?
5. How to sound double consonants
Type
Letter
Sound
Type
MM
home made
Duple
Duple
N
net
Digraph
P
PR
pet
price
R
real
RD
hard
Digraph
fat
RR
arroyo
Duple
G
get
RZ
bars
Digraph
GG
big gap
Duple
S
sat
GR
green
Digraph
SH
shape
Digraph
GV
gv
Digraph
SK
ask
Digraph
H
home
SS
moss side
Duple
K
kind
ST
stop
Digraph
KL
clutch
Digraph
T
tab
KS
links
Digraph
TH
thin
Digraph
KV
kv
Digraph
TR
trick
Digraph
L
links
V
vet
LN
ln
Z
zit
M
mat
Duple
Digraph
Digraph
The construction of words
Sentential
words
Adjectival
suffix
[-y]
Definite
article prefix
[a-]
Negators
[ma-,mo-,
mi-]
Adposition
prefixes
Number
prefixes
Foreign
word
marker
Noun Root
[+ plural
suffix –i]
Adverbial
suffix
[-u]
Conjunctions
the-coat
was-put
on-John
John
put on
the coat
the-coat
was-put-on-by
John
Verb tense
suffixes
[-ym-,-a,-e,-o]
An example word
Pon
An existing
thing
aPoni
The existing
things
Pone
Am, is, are
Pony
Existing, real
amiganoPoni
Despite the four
unreal things
miPona
Was not,
were not
miPony
Nonexistent,
unreal
Ponymodo
Will perhaps be
going to be
Ponu
In a real way
Pon
True
Verbs and passivisation
The-book
was-put-[by]
Grammatical
subject
S
Passivised
verb
Logical
Object
V
O
on-the-table
Grammatical
& Logical
indirect
object
John
Grammatical
object
I
Pravic constructs should be seen …
… Grammatically as SVIO
… Logically as OVIS
John offered Mary a cake
a-cake was-offered-by to-Mary John
John offered a cake to Mary
O
Logical
Subject
S
The construction of sentences
Definite article
prefix
[a-]
Definite article
prefix
[a-]
Definite article
prefix
[a-]
Other prefixes
Other prefixes
Other prefixes
Other prefixes
Other prefixes
Other prefixes
Noun Root
Noun Root
Noun Root
Noun Root
Noun Root
Noun Root
Noun Suffix
[-i, blank]
Adjectival suffix
[-y]
Verb tense
suffixes
[-ym-, -a, -e, -o]
Adverbial suffix
[-u]
Noun Suffix
[-i, blank]
Noun Suffix
[-i, blank]
Direct Object
(Noun)
[Logical subject]
Subject
(Noun)
[Logical object]
Adjective
Passivised Verb
Adverb
Indirect Object
(Noun)
The-book
red
was-put-[by]
carefully
on-the-table
John
aPilil
Romy
SHorda
PRemu
atiZammen
goCHon
John put the red book on the table carefully
Other grammatical features
Pseudo-Pronominals
a-speaker is-hurt-by of-the-speaker the-hand
a-speaker is-hurt-by the-hand
My hand hurts
a-pain is-caused-by the-hand
Reflexives
I see myself
John sees himself
a-speaker is-seen-by the-speaker
John is-seen-by John
a-known-person is-seen-by the-speaker
the-known-person is-seen-by John
a-self-person is-seen-by the-speaker
the-self-person is-seen-by John
Negatives
World 1
Objects &
Events
Actuality
World 3
Information
& Data
Reality
World 2
Cognition &
Imagination
Virtuality
-mi-: Reversed actuality
miTys: This isn’t possible
-mo-: Reversed reality
moTys: This isn’t what I know
-ma-: Reversed virtuality
maTys: This isn’t what I think
The three-column translation
English
Pravlish
Pravic
“We aren’t, except biologically, “A-mother and the-child are- “Mamme Tyg aCHavok miPone
mother and son, of course.”
not us. Yet a-biological-parent Seksot. Sheb Lalav Tyg aCHavok
and the-child are us.”
Pone Seksot.”
She had regained her faint
smile.
A-smile small had-been-found- PRekvem Piny raSHugvada
again-by the-known-person.
aTRuv.
“You don’t remember me, and “The-known-person is-notthe baby I remember isn’t this remembered-by the-listener,
man of twenty.
and the-listener twentying isnot the-baby remembered.
“aTRuv miraVogyra aSeln, Tyg
aSeln Nemady miPone aPivok
raVogyry.
All that is time past, irrelevant. The-known-thing is a-gonething and a-not-now-thing.
aTRum Pone Dep Tyg maMurr.
But we are brother and sister,
here and now.
But comrades are now us.
Sed aMMari Pone Murru
Seksot.
Which is what really matters,
isn’t it?”
And the-important-thing is the- Tyg aDissig Pone aDupel.”
this-thing.”
Night School on Anarres
Selni TRune gruGVeti
[the-listeners are-thanked for-attentions]
thank you for your attention
Martin Edwardes
King’s College London
[email protected]