Transcript Future Tense

Chapter 4 - Future Tense
Verb Tense Review
Exercise 1 p. 60
1. future
2. future
3. present
4.future
5.future
6.present
7. present
8. future
9.future
10. present
Future Tense
1. Simple Future
–
–
will
be going to
2. Future Progressive
–
–
will + be + verb + ing
be + going to + be + verb + ing
3. Future Perfect
– will + have + past participle
4. Future Perfect Progressive
– will + have + been + verb + ing
Future Simple
will and be going to – use for future time
• will + verb
1. prediction
2. willingness (plan made at the moment of speaking)
3. refusal (will not = won’t)
• be + going to + verb
(be + gonna + verb)
1. prediction
2. plan (made before the moment of speaking)
Key words: tomorrow, tonight, next week
Compare situations p. 63
A: Are you busy tonight?
B: Yes, I’m going to meet Julie at 7. We’re going to study
together.
1. In this situation only be going to is possible because the
speaker has a prior plan.
A: Are you busy tonight?
B: Well, I haven’t made any plans. I’ll eat dinner, and then
I’ll probably watch TV.
2. In this situation both will or be going to is possible because
the speaker is predicting the night
Ex. 9 p. 64
1. c - plan
2. a - prediction
3. A: c – plan
B: b – willingness
4. a - prediction
5. b - willingness
6. c - plan
Exercise 10 p. 64
1. willingness
2. plan
3. prediction
4. plan
5. willingness
6. prediction
7. willingness
8. plan
Expressing Future in Time Clauses
Time Clauses: dependent clause
****begin with words like: ____ and include a
subject and verb
– when
– before
– as soon as
– after
– until
– while
Time Clauses – Expressing Future
Time Clause begins with words like:
• When, before, after, as soon as, until, or while + subject
+ verb
When + subject + verb = time clause
When the meaning of the time clause is future,
the SIMPLE PRESENT is used.
When Bob comes, we will see him.
Future in Time Clauses
Present Progressive – to express an activity in
progress in the future
– While I am traveling in Europe next year, I am
going to save money by staying in youth hostels.
Present Perfect – emphasizes the completion of
one act before a second act in the future. (both
same meaning)
– I will go to bed after I finish my homework.
– I will go to bed after I have finished my
homework.
Exercise 14 p. 67
Dependent clause (time clause) , independent clause
Independent clause (no comma) dependent clause
(time clause)
2. After the rain stops, I'm going to sweep the front porch.
3. I'm going to start making dinner before my wife gets home
from work today.
4. I'm going to wait right here until Sonya comes.
5. As soon as the war is over, there will be new elections.
6. Right now the tide is low, but when the tide comes in, the
ship will leave the harbor.
Exercise 15:
2. eat... will probably take/ am probably going to
take
3. get... will give/ am going to give
4. watch.. .will call/am going to call
5. will wait/ am going to wait... comes
6. stops... will walk/am going to walk
7. graduate... intend... will go/am going to go... get
8. will listen.... am going to listen... am sleeping
Present Progressive – future meaning
• Use to express future time when the idea of the
sentence is a planned event or a strong intention.
• Future meaning is indicated by the future time
words!
– He is leaving at noon tomorrow.
– After lunch, I am meeting a friend. We are going
shopping.
•
Simple Present- future meaning
Events that are on a definite schedule or timetable,
these events contain future time words.
– few verbs can be used: open close begin end start
finish arrive leave come return
• The museum opens at 10:00 tomorrow morning.
• Classes begin next week.
• John’s plane arrives at 6:05pm next Monday.
Exercise 18
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
future
future
now
future
habitually
future
future
habitually
A: now B: now A: future
A: future B: future A: future
Future Progressive
Used for an activity that will be in progress at a time
in the future.
1. will + be + verb + ing
I will be studying when you come.
2. Be going to + be + verb +ing
I am going to be studying at the library.
Key words: when, after, as soon as, before
Exercise 22
1. is going to be studying/will be studying...
am going to be finishing/will be finishing
2. is going to be seeing/will be seeing....
is going to be doing/will be doing....
is going to be talking/will be talking.
Exercise 23
1. arrive; will be waiting/is going to be waiting
2. get; will be shining/is going to be shining;
will be singing/are going to be singing;
will still be lying/is still going to be lying
3. A: will be enjoying/am going to be enjoying
B: will be thinking/am going to be thinking
4. will be/ am going to be in Chicago visiting
5. will be / am going to be working at the library
Future Perfect
An action that will end before another action or
time in the future.
Will + have + past participle
I will graduate in June. I will see you in July. By the
time I see you, I will have graduated.
Key words: by the time you go/do; already
Future Perfect Progressive
Duration (how long) an activity will be in progress
before another time or event in the future.
Will + have + been + verb + ing
I will have been sleeping for two hours by the time
you get home.
Key words: by the time, for ten days, by
Exercise 25
Future Perfect and Future Perfect Progressive (rarely used)
1. have been... had been... will have been
2. get... will have already arrived
3. got...had already arrived
4. have been sitting ... had been sitting... will have been sitting
5. will have begun... will have been teaching
6. will have been driving
7.get/will have taken
8. will have been running
9. will have been
Review of Verb Tenses
• Simple Tenses:
– Simple Present
– Simple Past
– Simple Future
• Progressive Tenses:
– Present Progressive
– Past Progressive
– Future Progressive
Exercise 11, p. 6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
studies
is studying
studied
was studying
will study/ is going to study
will be studying/ is going to be studying
Review of Verb Tenses
• Perfect Tenses:
– Present Perfect
– Past Perfect
– Future Perfect
• Perfect Progressive Tenses:
– Present Perfect Progressive
– Past Perfect Progressive
– Future Perfect Progressive
Exercise 11, p. 7
7. has already studied
8. had already studied
9. will already have studied
10. has been studying
11. had been studying
12. will have been studying
Practice 1
1. has never flown
2. have been waiting... hasn't arrived
3. are.... reach
4. didn't own... had owned
5. are having... has been
6. will have left... get
7. went... got....were dancing.... were talking...
was standing... had never met... introduced
8. was sitting.... heard....got.... looked....had just
backed
Practice 2
1. am taking... leave.... am going.... leave....am
going to go.... is studying.... has lived.....
knows...... has promised....have never been....
am looking
2. had been raining.... dropped..... is going to
be.... changes..... wake.....will be snowing
Practice 3
1. had been
2. met
3. had missed
4. was
5. got
6. took
7. was
8. had grown
9. was
10 was wearing
11. had changed
12. was still
13. asked
14. had gained
15. had turned
16. looked
17. were
Practice 4
1. will have been
2. will meet
3. will have missed
4. will be
5. get
6. will take
7. will no longer be
8. will have grown
9. will be
10. will probably wear
11. will have changed
12. will still be
13. will ask
14. will probably have
gained
15. will have turned
16. will look
17. will be