Transcript Quotes - Trae Stewart, Ph.D.

QUOTES
APA 6th Edition
Trae Stewart, Ph.D., Associate Professor & EDCL Program Coordinator
Zane Wubbena, M.A., Ph.D. Student – School Improvement
(Updated July 2014)
Overview
 APA 6th Edition
 Quotes
– Direct Quotes
– Omitting Words and
Sentences
– Block Quotes
 [Bracket Rules]
 Signal Phrases
 Caution on Quotes
 Helpful Resources
Quotes
(Direct)
 Rule: Start quote with signal phrase including author's last name
and year of publication in parentheses; page number (preceded by
p. and one space) in parentheses followed by end punctuation
As Davis (1978) reported, "If the existence of a signing ape was
unsettling for linguists, it was also startling news for animal
behaviorists" (p. 26).
Signal phrase with author
and publication date
p. and page # in parentheses followed
by end punctuation (p. #).
 Rule: When author's name is not in signal phrase, place author's
name, publication year, and page number in parentheses at end of
quote with commas between items in parentheses
It was pointed out that, "If the existence of a signing ape was
unsettling for linguists, it was also startling news for animal
behaviorists" (Davis, 1978, p. 26).
Signal phrase, no author
mentioned
(Author, publication year, p. #).
Quotes
(Omitting Words & Sentences)
 Omitting Words: Use an ellipsis (…) to replace omitted
words in quotes except at the beginning or end of quote
“One application of the term organic memory … refers to
retentions in the nervous system” (Judd, 1907, p. 236).
… represents omitted words
 Omitting Sentences: If a sentence is omitted between
two others, keep the first sentence’s end punctuation
followed by an ellipsis
As Simonsen (2012) observes, “The principle of human
primacy has been criticised as being vague and ill-founded or
redundant in bioethical literature. ... But, despite occasional
criticism, the principle is obviously fundamental” (p. 53).
end punctuation followed by … represents omitted sentence(s)
Quotes
(Block Quotes)
 Rule: Quote must be 40 or more words,
 No quotation marks—indent entire quote .05”
 Parenthetical citation goes at end of block quote,
outside of end punctuation
Students having a hard time finding databases is not a new
phenomenon. At the University of Washington, they have problems,
too.
With the addition of so many new databases to the campus
online system, many students were having difficulty
locating the database they needed. At the same time, the role of
Session Manager had evolved. The increased importance of
the Session Manager as a selection tool made it a part of the
navigation process itself. (Eliasen, 1997, p. 510)
Indent the entire
block quote .05”
The citation is outside of the
end punctuation of the quote
[Bracket Rules]
(Editing Quotes)
Do
Don't
Use brackets to enclose
inserted words intended to
clarify meaning within a
quotation.
Use parentheses when
inserting words into a quotation.
Use brackets to enclose
inserted words intended to
provide a brief explanation
within a quotation.
Use parentheses to enclose a
change in letter case or verb
tense when integrating a quote
into your paper.
Use brackets to enclose a
change in letter case or verb
tense when integrating a quote
into your paper.
Use bracketed material in a
way that twists the author's
meaning.
Signal Phrases
(In-Text)
 Signal phrases make the distinction between
writer and source clear for the reader.
 Signal phrases use APA citation along with a
past tense verb:
As Smith (2004) noted, …
Jones (2001) concluded…
According to Stevens (2002), …
McHugh (2003) contrasted this idea…
Moreover, Smith (2004) added…
Elliot and Pruett (2008) argued…
APA
narrative
citation
Past tense
verb
Signal Phrases
(Past Tense Verbs)
acknowledged
added
admitted
affirmed
agreed
answered
argued
asked
asserted
attacked
believed
called
claimed
commented
compared
confirmed
contended
declared
defined
denied
disputed
echoed
emphasized
endorsed
estimated
found
granted
illustrated
implied
insinuated
insisted
labeled
mentioned
noted
observed
pointed out
predicted
reasoned
rejected
reported
responded
retorted
revealed
said
speculated
stated
suggested
surmised
thought
warned
recognized recommended
countered
refuted
Caution on Quotes
 Excessive quotations make it appear that you
have not developed your own understanding
and interpretation of the material
 Direct quotes should only be used when the
statement is technical, particularly expressive,
or exemplary
 Avoid too many long, block quotations.
– Try to connect the author’s words to your own
ideas and thoughts by re-interpreting the
author’s work
Helpful Resources
Purdue OWL
APA 6th edition Manual
Visit Other
APA Style (6th ed.) Modules
In This Series