Transcript Galaxy-telescope Powerpint notes/ packetp31-32

Galaxy Notes
• Our galaxy is _________________________.
•
•
•
•
Galaxies are made up of
A.
B.
C.
Shapes of Galaxies
• Spiral or Barred
Spiral
Elliptical
Irregular
• Spiral Galaxy- A nucleus of bright stars
and 2 or more spiral arms.
•Elliptical Galaxy- Spherical or flattened
disk. Usually contains the oldest stars.
(elder)
•Irregular Galaxy- No definite
Shape. Usually the smallest in
size.
Space Measurement
• A light year is…
the distance light travels in 1 year. 1 LY=
9.5 trillion km. (Used to measure distances
outside the Solar System.)
• An AU stands for ________________
The avg. distance between the Earth and
the Sun . (Used to measure distances inside the
Solar System.) 1 AU= 150,000,000 km
1 AU
Radio Telescope
• Radio telescopes: used to study naturally
occurring radio emission from stars,
galaxies, and other astronomical objects.
The largest (in terms of collecting area) radio
wave telescope is located in Puerto Rico with a
diameter of 305 meters and is suspended over a
valley. (Reflecting Telescope)
Used to:
•Detect objects in space
•Map the universe
•Search for signs of intelligent life
Radio waves pass freely through the atmosphere, SO it
collects data 24/7, rain or shine.
Reflecting v. Refracting
• The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico is an
example of a REFLECTING telescope.
• Another type is the REFRACTING telescope.
Optical Telescope
• Refracting telescopes
use a convex lens to
magnify objects;
reflecting telescopes
use a concave mirror
to collect and focus
the light.
• Which is which?
Satellites
• Placed in orbit and sends info. back
to Earth where it is interpreted.
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=1B3A5D56-D03B-4842-8F8F-A275A34E4719&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US
An example of a satellite used to get
information is the Hubble Telescope.
Uses: Predict weather, locating lost
ships/ people, Satellite T.V., Cell
Phones, GPS, takes images of other
celestial objects.
Tilts of Planets in the Solar
System
• The “Red planet”, the surface
of Mars is red in color. This is
because of the rich iron oxide
present on the surface.
• Mars
possesses polar
ice caps like
Earth. They are
made up of carbon
dioxide and water.
• The size of the Great Red
Spot is 3 times the size of the
Earth and it has been lasting
for more than 300 years.
• Uranus seems to be rolling on
the orbital plane. Tilt: 98°
• ERIS
Dwarf Planets
•CERES
ASTEROIDS
•PLUTO
•VESTA
AND
PALLAS
Composed of more than 98 percent nitrogen ice, with
traces of methane and carbon monoxide
•JUNO
Vesta
Ceres- Also
considered a
dwarf planet,
why?
Pallas- What is it
considered?
Why?
• There are about 100 billion
galaxies in our universe.
• If we plot all the visible galaxies
on a graph, we will see something
like this.
•Elliptical:
• They usually consist of old stars.
• SPIRAL:
MILKY WAY GALAXY
Draw this
• The closest star to our Sun
is 4.24 light years away, its
name is Proxima Centauri
The North Star is known as Polaris and is 430 LY away.
• A spectroscope works by breaking light into the
wavelengths (or spectra) that make it up.
Different wavelengths of light bend by different
amounts, so it splits the light into its colors.
Scientists can tell the elements present in a star
by looking at its light through a spectroscope.
Each element will have its own unique spectral
lines of color, just as people each have a unique
fingerprint.
SPACE PROBE
• A space probe is a scientific space
exploration mission in which a robotic
spacecraft leaves the gravity of Earth to
explore places too dangerous for
astronomers.
•
Mariner 9 First Space Probe to orbit Mars
Picture of Mercury from
Messenger
Switzerland
Mauna Kea:
Observatory
• Houses telescopes
• Often have dome
shaped roofs
• Used to monitor
space
• Some are ground
based, some are
space based (like
Hubble)
Arizona
Iran