Transcript Gerund or to-infinitive

Gerund or to-infinitive
3RD FORM
Gerund
Gerund =
◦ A verb that is used as a noun (e.g. Walking an hour every day is good for you)
How to test/remember?
◦ After verbs that indicate you like/dislike something
◦ (e.g. We like walking in the woods)
◦ After verbs that indicate something stops or starts
◦ (e.g. Please stop walking through the mud!
◦ After prepositions
◦ (e.g. She is very good at walking)
Verb + ing or Verb + to infinitive?
4 Categories:
◦
◦
◦
◦
Verb followed by verb+ing
Verb followed by to infinitive
Verb followed by both without difference in meaning
Verb followed by both with difference in meaning
Choose the correct form
I usually avoid to do/doing the dishes.
I usually avoid doing the dishes.
I can’t imagine to sleep/sleeping for hours on end.
I can’t imagine sleeping for hours on end.
We agree to sign/signing this contract.
We agree to sign this contract.
They refuse to work/working for this company.
They refuse to work for this company.
Verbs followed by verb –ing
Verbs followed by to
infinitive
Verbs followed by to infinitive
Admit (toegeven)
Agree (eens zijn met)
Plan (plannen)
Avoid (vermijden)
Appear (verschijnen)
Pretend (doen alsof)
Fancy (leuk vinden/ verbeelding)
Attempt (poging)
Promise (beloven)
Feel like (voelen als)
Decide (beslissen)
Refuse (weigeren)
Imagine (voorstellen)
Demand (eisen)
Seem (lijken)
Mention (benoemen)
Fail (mislukken)
Want (willen)
Mind (vinden)
Hope (hopen)
Would like (graag willen)
Miss (missen)
Intend (intentie hebben tot)
Practise (oefenen)
Learn (leren)
Put off (uitstellen)
Manage (beheren/iets
kunnen)
Suggest (voorstellen)
Offer (aanbieden)
Verbs that can be followed by both
• It continued to rain/raining all day.
• I prefer to read/reading this book now.
• I hate to walk/walking in the snow
Verbs + to infinitive OR verb-ing
without difference in meaning
Continue
Begin
Start
Hate
Like
Remember the Gerund?
Love
Prefer
Verbs that can be followed by both
Try to explain:
• Did you remember to bring your running shoes
•  action you have to do
• I remember feeling very tired at the end of the race
•  memory of something in the past (non-action)
• I regret to tell you the race has been cancelled
•  sorry to give you the information (action)
• I regret not training harder before the race
•  sorry I didn’t do this (non-action)
• I’m running every day because I’m trying to get fit.
•  aim is to get fit (action)
• If you want to get fit, why don’t you try swimming?
•  suggestion, swimming is a way to achieve your goal (non-action)
1. Remember
◦ Obligation/having to do something VS memory
◦ Hey, mum. Did you remember to pick up my suit from the dry-cleaner’s?
◦ I will always remember kissing you for the first time.
2. Forget
◦ Obligation/having to do something VS memory
◦ Hey, mum. Don’t forget to pick up my suit from the dry-cleaner’s?
◦ I will never forget kissing you for the first time
3. Regret
Action VS Non-action
I honestly regret not studying harder for my final exams.
We regret to inform you that you have not been selected
for the job.
4. Try
Action VS Non-action (or success vs attempt)
Last night I (1)tried to sleep for hours, but I simply couldn’t. I was so
desperate that I even(2)tried counting sheep!
((1)attempted to sleep with no success; (2) actually counted sheep.)
5. Stop
Which is healthier: (1)stop to smoke or (2)stop smoking?
Source: http://keepsmilingenglish.com/2015/07/confusing-verbs-14-7-verbs-followed-byinfinitive-and-ing-forms/
Verbs that can be followed by both –
WITH difference in meaning
Verb + infinitive
Verb + -ing
Remember
Did you remember to bring your running shoes?
(action)
I remember feeling very tried at
the end of the race (memory)
Forget
Don’t forget to bring your tennis racket (action)
I’ll never forget winning my first
tennis championship (memory)
Regret
I regret to tell you the race has been cancelled (regret
+ to say/to tell/to inform) (sorry to give you this
information)
I regret not training harder before
the race (sorry I didn’t do this)
Try
I’m running every day because I’m trying to get fit
(aim = to get fit)
If you want to get fit, why don’t
you try swimming (swimming is a
way to achieve goal)
Stop
During the race he stopped to drink some water (in
order to drink some water)
When he realised he couldn’t
win, he stopped running (he
didn’t continue)