Transcript Verbals
Personality test: While you wait, take out a piece of paper and draw a picture of a pig. LAC CC – Verbals Agenda: Reminders Book Trailers Participles Participial Phrases Gerunds Infinitives Reminders • • • • Character Sketch replaces Unit 2 Comp. Memoirs are corrected Reading Survey Study Island Book Trailers • To Kill a Mockingbird • Lord of the Flies Verbals There are three… Only three… So, let’s see… I’m having an identity crisis. Verb Present Participles Present participles are formed by adding –ing to the plain form of the verb. Example: The laughing student grinned like a Cheshire cat. Past Participles Past participles are formed by adding either – ed, -d-, -t, -en, or –n to the plain form of the verb. Others may be formed as irregular verbs. Ranger, my dachshund, had a bewildered look on his face when the water from the nozzle in her bathtub suddenly turned cold. Examples: The rapidly developing storm kept small boats in port. The pleased student smiled at the teacher. Study these other participles. What form of the verb may be used as a participle? • • • • • • lost child broken plate bent twig woven fabric losing game writing pad burning finger hidden valley written word fallen tree wooden heart broken promise Participial Phrase A participial phrase is a participle with its modifiers and complements – all working together as an adjective. Flying low, the plane circled the airport. The crowd standing on the ground watched the airplane. A cheer went up for the woman piloting the small aircraft. Painting with Parts of Speech: Participles Participles can begin a sentence: Chasing a tennis ball, the Golden Retriever barreled across the backyard. Participles can interrupt a sentence: The Golden Retriever, chasing a tennis ball, barreled across the backyard. Participles can end a sentence: The Golden Retriever barreled across the backyard, chasing a tennis ball. Examples of Participles and Participial Phrases in Literature Narrowing his beady eyes, he read the title of one of the books. —Lemony Snicket, The Bad Beginning The shirt was silk paisley, unbuttoned halfway down his hairless chest. —Rick Riordan, The Lightning Thief Pedaling rapidly down the path, Jonas felt oddly proud to have joined those who took the pills. —Lois Lowry, The Giver Then, propping the hatchet in a crack in the rock wall, he had pulled the head of his spear against it, carving a thin piece off each time, until the thick end tapered down to a needle point. —Gary Paulsen, Hatchet We pushed open the door to the back room and found four or five little kids, about eight years old or younger, huddled in a corner. —S.E. Hinton, The Outsiders It slices above my right eyebrow, opening a gash that sends a gush running down my face, blinding my eye, filling my mouth with the sharp, metallic taste of my own blood. —Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games Arrange participles from literature: Create a sentence with the sentence strips. Write the sentence, punctuating correctly, and underline and label the participial phrases. in the rear sat dressed not in his usual two-piece suit feeling ridiculous Artemis but in normal teenager clothing Let’s practice together: Participles Practice Link: Time to try your skill... Gerunds A gerund is a verb form used as a noun. The gerund can be formed by adding –ing to the present tense of the verb: Jog jogging Jogging at night without reflective gear can be dangerous. Gerunds can be used as: A subject: Jogging is a popular form of exercise. A direct object: My sister enjoys jogging. Enjoys what? jogging An object of the preposition: These shoes are made for jogging. jogging shoes participle **Remember: A participle is a verb form that describes a noun.** Gerunds in Literature Think twice before speaking. Seeing is believing. Appetite comes with eating. Pouring water on the fire is not the way to quench it. Riches are for spending. (F. Bacon) Saying and doing are two things. Let’s practice together: • One person will come and type in the answer as the class discusses it, and then we will check it together. • Link: Gerund Practice Infinitive: An infinitive is a verbal that appears after the word to. The “to” before the verb is called “The sign of the infinitive.” to run to see to hear TO The word “to” is a preposition when it is followed by a noun or pronoun that is its object. I need a ride to the game. We went to Jeff’s party. prepositions BUT The word “to” turns into part of an infinitive when it is followed by a verb Eccleciastes 3:1-8 There is an appointed time for everything, And a time for every affair under the heavens. A time to be born, a time to die; A time to plant, and a time to reap; A time to kill, and a time to heal; A time to tear down, and a time to build; A time to weep, a time to laugh; A time to mourn, and a time to dance; Can you pick them out??? A time to cast away stones, and a time to gather them; A time to embrace, and a time to be far from embraces; A time to seek, a time to lose; A time to keep, a time to cast away; A time to rend, and a time to sew; A time to be silent, a time to speak; A time to love, and a time to hate; A time of war, and a time of peace. Let’s practice together: Infinitive Practice Link: What do you think?