Transcript hablar
How to Conjugate… SPANISH VERBS First, let’s review the subject pronouns. Singular Person 1st • yo I 2nd • tú you 3rd • usted • él • ella you he she Plural • • • • • • • nosotros m. nosotras f. vosotros m. vosotras f. ustedes ellos m. ellas f. we you you they 1. Grammar. To inflect a verb in its forms for distinctions such as number, person, voice, mood, and tense. Examples of a conjugation… –I run. –We are. –You have. –You see. –She walks. –They speak. • not having inflections to indicate tense n : the uninflected (or unconjugated) form of the verb • the “to” form of a verb: to run, to walk, to have There are three types of verbs in Spanish. -AR -ER Types of verbs • -AR verbs are verbs that end in –ar. Hablar, mirar. • -ER verbs end in –er. Comer, beber. -IR • -IR verbs end in –ir. Vivir, ofrir. * Verbs ending in –ar, -er, and –ir in Spanish are known as infinitives. Let’s get started… Conjugating regular –AR verbs. • To conjugate a regular –AR verb, one must first remove the –AR ending from the infinitive. This will leave you with the base. Use the infinitive, hablar hablar – ar = habl habl is your base Add the regular –AR verb endings to your base • o • as • a • amos • áis • an infinitive – ending = base hablar – ar = habl habl o habl amos habl as habl áis habl a habl an These endings correspond with the following subject pronouns. Person Singular Plural 1st • yo = • o • nosotros/as = • amos 2nd • tú = • as • • • • 3rd • Ud. • él = • a • ella vosotros/as = • áis Uds. ellos = • an ellas P uzzled Memorization is the key to conjugating regular verbs in Spanish Conjugating regular verbs in Spanish is a pattern. Infinitive -AR = Base Habl o Once you have learned to conjugate one regular –AR verb… infinitive – ending = base nadar – ar = nad nado nadamos nadas nadáis nada nadan …you can conjugate all regular –AR verbs. infinitive – ending = base caminar – ar = camin o camin amos camin camin as camin áis camin a camin an add your subject pronouns yo cocinar – ar = cocin cocin o nosotros/as cocin amos tú cocin as Ud. él ella cocin a vosotros/as cocin áis Uds. ellos ellas cocin an Conjugating Spanish –AR verbs is like learning your 123’s and your ABC’s. Once you know the pattern, you can conjugate every regular –AR verb. Also, you can tell if it is 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person singular or plural. Not any more! We still have two more verbs: –ER and –IR. We’re not finished yet. Don’t sweat it though! The pattern is: infinitive – ending = base hablar comer vivir infinitive – ending = base hablar – ar = habl comer – er = com vivir – ir = viv Now you know the pattern! Now all you need are the endings… Once you know how to conjugate the regular –AR verb, conjugating –ER and –IR verbs are simple. -ER verbs are like –AR verbs. The only difference is the “A” and the “E”. -IR verbs are sister verbs to the –ER verbs. They share four of the same endings. Here are the regular verb endings… -AR -ER -IR Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural 1st -o -amos -o -emos -o -imos 2nd -as -áis -es -éis -es -ís 3rd -a -an -e -en -e -en Person Get your pencil ready! yo comer – er = com com o nosotros/as com emos tú com es Ud. él ella com e vosotros/as com éis Uds. ellos ellas com en Don’t get tired yet, Now ready for the next step vivir – ir = viv yo viv o nosotros/as viv imos tú viv es vosotros/as viv ís Ud. él ella viv e Uds. ellos ellas viv en Now wipe away all those tears, there is nothing more to fear. You have now learned how to conjugate regular Spanish verbs. Time is up, so now we’re done. Let’s go have some fun!