Transcript Write

Second Semester Index Spiral
Items #33-52 (Chapters 3A-5B)
• This PowerPoint will let you know the information
that I expect to see on each card.
• Do whatever is in bold; copy everything else.
• Feel free to paraphrase the info – just make sure
that it makes sense.
• REQUIRED: Each card should include the
following:
–
–
–
–
Title
Topic # (that matches the Table of Contents)
Concise / most important information
Use of color/illustrations to highlight information
#33 Present Tense Conjugation
Endings for –ER & -IR Verbs
• Write the conjugation endings for each
infinitive (-ER/-IR)
• Mark the differences from the –ER to the –IR
endings
#34 –GO Verbs
• -GO verbs are verbs with an irregular yo
form – there’s a “go” in the “yo.”
• -GO verbs that you’ve learned this year:
– Tener (to have) = tengo
– Hacer (to do/make) = hago
– Venir (to come at/from) = vengo
– Traer (to bring) = traigo
– Decir (to say/tell) = digo
– Jugar (to play) = juego
#35 The Irregular Verb SER
• Write the conjugations of the verb SER.
• Include the infinitive definition and how it translates in
English.
• Make note that there are NO accents!
• We use SER for more permanent or lasting attributes
• When deciding on whether to use SER or not, remember
that the only thing that matters is the PRESENT REALITY!
• Include why we use SER:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Descriptions
Occupation (titles of any kind)
Characteristics (personality and physical traits)
Time / date
Origin
Relationship
#36 The 4 Ways of Saying “To The”
and “Of The”
• You pick the “to the” and “of the” that matches the
noun that article goes with: a la playa/del campo
• A = to
– When paired up with “the:”
•
•
•
•
a el = al
a la
a los
a las
• De = of/from
– When paired up with “the:”
•
•
•
•
de el = del
de la
de los
de las
#37 The Irregular Verb IR
• Write the conjugation chart for it
• Write what it means in infinitive form and
in the conjugated forms
• Note that “a”(the word “to”) will usually
follow the verb ir
• Use this formula when you’re going to a
place: (form of) ir + “to the” + place
#38 Interrogatives
• Write the 11 question words and what they
mean
• I would personally add the hints – you’re
going to need it…
• Include “hay” – is there/are there, because it
is also used a lot in questions.
• Question words in Spanish always need:
– ¿?
– an accent (if being used as a question word)
#39 IR + A + Infinitive
• Also known as the simple future tense
• Use this formula when you’re on your way (going)
to do an activity/action; NOT when you’re going
to a place
• Conjugate IR, based on who is going to do
something, BUT that second verb MUST be an
infinitive because that action is NOT being done
yet!
• IR + A = go to
• IR + A + Infinitive = going to
• It does not translate word for word – trust the
formula!
#40 Stem-Changing Verb Jugar
• Write what it means in infinitive and
conjugated forms
• It has a (U to UE) stem change
• Make a note of the 2 forms that will NOT have
a stem change
• Do a “boot” outline and underline the stem
change in the conjugations
• When playing a sport, don’t forget to add the
word “al” right after it: jugar al golf
#41 The Irregular Verb Tener
• Write what it means in infinitive and in its
conjugated forms
• It’s a shoe verb that has an E to IE stem
change
• It is also a –GO verb
• Tener que + infinitive = to have to
• Conjugate the verb tener and do the “shoe”
outline
#42 Tener Expressions
• Tener (to have) in Spanish, is used in a lot of
English “to be” expressions.
• Common tener expressions:
– Tener hambre = to be hungry
– Tener sed = to be thirsty
– Tener frío = to be cold
– Tener calor – to be hot
– Tener sueño = to be sleepy
– Tener # años = to be # years old
#43 Possessive Adjectives
• Pick the possessive adjective based on who owns the item.
• Once you’ve established who owns it, match the possessive adjective in
number and gender with the thing being owned.
mi(s)
nuestro(s)
nuestra(s)
tu(s)
vuestro(s)
vuestra(s)
su(s)
su(s)
• Write an example and rainbow it.
• Make note of which ones you have to worry about #, and which ones you
only have to worry about both # and gender.
• Write the English translation of the possessive adjectives.
#44 -ísimo/a & -ito/a Endings
• -ísimo/a endings turn a regular adjective into a superlative (the
extreme).
• English equivalent is super/very + adjective. For example:
guapo = good-looking
fea = ugly
guapísimo = super good-looking
feísima = super ugly
• -ito/a endings turn a regular noun into something smaller,
unimportant or a term of endearment.
• English equivalent is a noun with –y ending. For example:
abuela = grandmother
perro = dog
abuelita = granny
perrito = doggy
#45 The Irregular Verb Venir
• It means to come (at time /from a place)
– Venir a la/las time.
– Venir de place .
• It’s a shoe verb that has an E to IE stem
change and it is also a –GO verb
• Very similar to tener conjugations but it’s an
-IR ending verb (not –ER, like tener).
• Conjugate venir
#46 Ser vs Estar
• Write the Ser vs Estar comparison chart and
what they have in common (in 5B guided
practice)
• Make sure you write the key word for each
and the reasons we use them (DOCTOR
/PLACE )
• You do not have to conjugate either verb –
this page is just to compare the reasons we
use them.
#47 Stem-Changing Verbs
• Different from regular verbs because they
have the additional step of the stem change.
• There are different stem changes:
U→UE, O→UE, E→IE and E→I
• The stem is ALWAYS located in the next to last
syllable before the verb ending.
• Conjugate the verb dormir OR poder; include
the infinitive definition, underline the stem
change and make the boot outline.
#48 The 3 Regular Comparatives
• There are 3 basic ways to compare something:
1. more _____ than = más ____ que
2. less _____ than = menos _____ que
3. as ______ as (equal to) = tan_____ como
• Place an adjective, adverb or noun in the blank
(in Spanish I, you’ve used adjectives).
• Give an example & translation of each, such as:
Carmen es menos atrevida que Paula.
Carmen is less daring than Paula.
#49 The 4 Irregular Comparatives
• They are “irregular” because these comparatives
already have “more/less” built in – do NOT add the
words más or menos when using these.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Better than = mejor(es) que
Worse than = peor(es) que
Older than = mayor(es) que
Younger than = menor(es) que
• Give an example & translation of one of the singular
and plural forms, such as:
Pablo y Luis son menores que Diana.
Pablo & Luis are younger than Diana.
#50 Superlatives
• Superlatives are “extreme” comparatives – not just better,
but “best.”
• English equivalent = -est words
• To turn a comparative into a superlative, JUST ADD AN
ARTICLE!!
• Use with a noun:
1. mejor = better
el/la mejor* + noun = the best
2. peor = worse
el/la peor* + noun = the worst
*May also be plural (los/las mejores/peores)
• Use with an adjective:
1. más = more
el/la más + adj. = the most
2. menos = less
el/la menos + adj. = the least
• Give an example of a noun and adjective superlative, such
as: Pablo es el mejor estudiante de la clase.
#51 The 5 Most Difficult
Words/Phrases from Each Chapter
• Look through the vocab lists – Chapters 3A-5B
• Decide which words and/or phrases you find
the most challenging
• Pick 5 from each chapter and write them so
that hopefully, you won’t forget them!
#52 Spanish-Speaking
Countries & Capitals
• I’ll give you mini maps of Central America/the
Caribbean and South America.
• Number the countries on the map and write
the corresponding country/capital for each
one.
• Hint: Do it in the order of your songs for an
easy way to remember them!