Transcript My Family- French

Ma Famille & Moi
Evâ Weinstéin
Lôren Grïer
Sãrãh Rowen
Nick Laverdé
Vocabulaire
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1. renier quelqu'un - de désavouer une personne
2. Une galere – un cauchemar
4. Se consacrer a - Dédier à soi-même
5. Celibataire - seul
6. Casser la croute - de manger un peu
7. A tout casser - Prodigieux
8. Veuf/ Veuve - d'avoir un décès du conjoint
9. se soucier de - pour sentir
10. camaraderie- unité
Vocabulaire
12. Le battement de coeur - impulsion
13. La blessure - Plaie
14. En bonne santé - d'être bien
15. Le calmant - médecine
17. S'enrhumer - Pour attraper un rhume
18. Se rétablir - pour obtenir une meilleure
19. pacte civil de solidarité - de vivre avec quelqu'un,
mais pas en couple
 20. Le/ La malade - personne en mauvaise santé
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Vocabulaire
21. Le gouter - casse-croûte
22. Le plat principal – repas
23. La viande - volaille, du bœuf, du
porc
24. La dinde - Turquie
25. Le lapin - lièvre
26. l'agneau - petit mouton
27. Sans préjuges - ouvert d'esprit
28. Raffine - blasé
29. Naif – jeune, pas mûr
30. Froid - inamical
Present Tense- Step 1
Determine if the sentence you
are reading/writing/saying is in
the present tense.
Currently doing something
Habitual- things that happen on
a regular basis
General truths- “the earth is
round”
Si Clauses
Present Tense - Step 2
Locate the verb you are going
to conjugate and determine if
it is a irregular or regular verb.
If the verb is irregular, skip step
3 and go to step 4 :-)
Present Tense- Step 3
Regular verbs
For -ER verbs, drop the -ER and add
these endings
e
es
e
ons
ez
ent
Present Tense- Step 3
Regular verbs
parler > parldonner > donnje -e
parle
donne
tu -es
parles
donnes
il -e
parle
donne
nous -ons
parlons
donnons
vous -ez
parlez
donnez
ils -ent
parlent
donnent
visiter > visitvisite
visites
visite
visitons
visitez
visitent
Present Tense- Step 3
Regular verbs
For -RE verbs, drop the -RE and add
these endings
s
s
-
ons
ez
ent
Present Tense- Step 3
Regular Verbs with -RE endings
Present Tense-Step 3
For -IR verbs, Drop -R, add S,
and the endings!
is
issons
is
issez
it
issent
Present Tense- Step 3
Regulars verbs with -IR endings
weeeeee
QuickTime™ and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Present Tense - Step 4
Irregular -RE verbs
1.first group includes prendre and its similar verbs such as comprendre, etc. These verbs drop the d
in all three plural forms (nous, vous, ils) and also double the n in the third person plural (ils).
2. The second group includes battre and its similar verbs such as débattre, etc. These verbs drop the
stem's second t in the singular forms (je, tu, il/elle).
3. The third group includes mettre (promettre, etc). These verbs are conjugated just like battre verbs
in the present tense (separate group because they are conjugated differently in the passé simple and
past participle)
Present Tense - Step 4
Irregular -Re verbs
**Note that
These groups
Have different
Endings then
The last 3
Groups.
4. The fourth group of irregular -RE verbs includes rompre (corrompre, etc). These verbs are
conjugated exactly like regular -RE verbs with the single exception of the third person singular
present tense (il/elle), which adds a t after the stem.
5. The fifth group of irregular -RE verbs includes all verbs that end in -aindre (e.g., craindre), -eindre
(like peindre), and -oindre (such as joindre). These verbs drop the d in the root in all forms, and add
a g in front of the n in the plural forms (nous,vous,ils/elles).
Present Tense - Step 4
The rest of the irregular -RE verbs
have their own conjugations
 absoudre, boire, clore, conclure,
conduire, confire, connaître,
coudre, croire, dire, écrire, faire,
inscrire, lire, moudre, naître, plaire,
rire, suivre, vivre.
Present Tense - Step 4
 Irregular -IR verbs
1. The first group of irregular verbs includes dormir, mentir, partir, sentir, servir, sortir, and all of their
derivatives (repartir, etc). These verbs drop the last letter of the radical in the singular conjugations
(drops the m for the je, tu, il tenses)
2. The second group of verbs includes couvrir, cueillir, découvrir, offrir, ouvrir, souffrir, and their derivatives
(recouvrir, etc). These verbs are conjugated like regular -ER verbs
(drops the -IR and add e,es,e,ons,ez,ent endings)
Present Tense- Step 4
 The rest of the irregular -IR verbs don't
follow a pattern - you have to memorize
the conjugations (#sad) for each one
separately: asseoir, courir, devoir, falloir,
mourir, pleuvoir, pouvoir, recevoir, savoir,
tenir, valoir, venir, voir, vouloir
Present Tense- Step 4
Irregular -ER
Aller (to go) is the only irregular -er
verb in French - its conjugations
are weird.
Memorize it.
Reflexive Verbs
 the subject of the verb is performing the action upon
himself, herself, or itself. Reflexive verbs mainly have to
do with parts of the body,* clothing, personal
circumstance, or location. Here are some common
reflexive verbs:
s'adresser à to address, speak to
s'approcher de to approach
s'asseoir to sit down
se baigner to bathe, swim
se brosser (les cheveux, les dents)
to brush (one's hair, one's teeth)
se casser (la jambe, le bras)
to break (one's leg, one's arm)
se coiffer to fix one's hair
se coucher to go to bed
se couper to cut oneself
se dépêcher to hurry
se déshabiller to get undressed
se doucher to take a shower
s'énerver to get annoyed
s'enrhumer to catch a cold
se fâcher to get angry
se fatiguer to get tired
se fier to trust
s'habiller to get dressed
s'habituer à to get used to
s'imaginer to imagine
s'intéresser à to be interested in
se laver (les mains, la figure)
to wash (one's hands, one's face)
se lever to get up
se maquiller to put on makeup
se marier (avec) to get married (to)
se méfier de to mistrust, distrust, beware of/about
se moquer de to make fun of (someone else)
se moucher to blow one's nose
se noyer to drown
se peigner to comb one's hair
se promener to take a walk
se raser to shave
se refroidir to cool down, get cold
se regarder to look at oneself
se reposer to rest
se réveiller to wake up
se soûler to get drunk
se souvenir de to remember
se taire to be quiet
Adjectives
 French adjectives change to agree in gender
and number with the nouns that they modify,
which means there can be up to four forms of
each adjective:
 Adjective: joli (pretty)
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Masculine singular joli
Feminine singular jolie
Masculine plural jolis
Feminine plural jolies
Adjectives
 In English, adjectives are always found in front of the
noun, but most French adjectives follow the noun they
modify:
un livre vert - green book
un professeur intelligent - smart teacher
 But there are some French adjectives that precede the
noun:
un beau garçon - handsome boy
un petit verre - small glass
Adjectives
 Most French adjectives add E for feminine and S for plural.
 his rule applies to adjectives that end in most consonants as
well as all vowels except the unaccented E. It also includes all
regular and most irregular present participles and past
participles:
Adjective: vert (green)
Masculine singular vert
Feminine singular verte
Masculine plural verts
Feminine plural vertes
Adjective: épicé (spicy)
Masculine singular épicé
Feminine singular épicée
Masculine plural épicés
Feminine plural épicées
Adjective: bleu (blue)
Masculine singular bleu
Feminine singular bleue
Masculine plural bleus
Feminine plural bleues
Adjective: amusant (funny)
Masculine singular amusant
Feminine singular amusante
Masculine plural amusants
Feminine plural amusantes
Adjectives
*When the masculine singular adjective ends in an
unaccented E, there is no difference between the
masculine and feminine forms:
Adjective: rouge (red)
Masculine singular -rouge
Feminine singular -rouge
Masculine plural -rouges
Feminine plural -rouges
* When the default form of the adjective ends in S or X, there is no difference
between the masculine singular and plural forms:
Adjective: gris (grey)
Masculine singular gris
Feminine singular grise
Masculine plural gris
Feminine plural grises
Adjectives
 Adjectives that end in a vowel plus L or N usually
become feminine by doubling the consonant before
adding E.
 Ending: el > elle Adjective: personnel (personal)
Masculine singular personnel
Feminine singular personnelle
Masculine plural personnels
Feminine plural personnelles
 Ending: on > onne Adjective: bon (good)
Masculine singular bon
Feminine singular bonne
Masculine plural bons
Feminine plural bonnes
Adjectives
 Adjectives that end in er or et need a grave accent:
 Ending: er > ère Adjective: cher (expensive)
Masculine singular cher
Feminine singular chère
Masculine plural chers
Feminine plural chères
 Ending: et > ète Adjective: complet (full)
Masculine singular complet
Feminine singular complète
Masculine plural complets
Feminine plural complètes
Adjectives
 Other final letters lead to very irregular
Ending: eux > euse
feminine endings:
 Ending: c > che Adjective: blanc (white) Adjective: heureux (happy)
Masculine singular heureux
Masculine singular blanc
Feminine singular heureuse
Feminine singular blanche
Masculine plural heureux
Masculine plural blancs
Feminine plural heureuses
Feminine plural blanches
 Ending: eur > euse Adjective: flatteur
(flattering)
Masculine singular flatteur
Feminine singular flatteuse
Masculine plural flatteurs
Feminine plural flatteuses
Ending: f > ve Adjective: neuf (new
Masculine singular neuf
Feminine singular neuve
Masculine plural neufs
Feminine plural neuves
Adjectives
 Irregular plurals: The ending al changes to aux in the plural:
 Adjective: idéal (ideal)
Masculine singular idéal
Feminine singular idéale
Masculine plural idéaux
Feminine plural idéales
-There are several French adjectives which have irregular feminine
and plural forms, as well as a special form when they are placed in
front of a masculine noun that begins with a vowel or a mute H:
un bel homme - a handsome man
un vieil ami - an old friend
Adjectives
Placement after the noun
 Most descriptive adjectives are placed after the noun they
modify. They classify the noun into a certain category. These
types of adjectives include shape, color, taste, nationality,
religion, social class, and other adjectives that describe things
like personality and mood.
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une table ronde - round table
un livre noir - black book
du thé sucré - sweet tea
une femme américaine - American woman
une église catholique - Catholic church
une famille bourgeoise - middle-class family
 Also, present participles and past participles used as adjectives
are always placed after the noun.
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une histoire intéressante - interesting story
un débat passionné - lively debate
Adjectives
Placement before the noun
 Certain adjectives are placed before the noun, some which you can
memorize with the acronym "BAGS":
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These descriptors - and a few others - are considered inherent qualities
of the noun:
une jolie fille - pretty girl
un jeune homme - young man
une nouvelle maison - new house
un bon enfant - good child
un petit problème - small problem
les sincères condoléances - sincere condolences
les vagues promesses - vague promises
un gentil garçon - kind boy
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In addition, all non-descriptive (i.e., demonstrative, indefinite,
interrogative, negative, and possessive) adjectives are placed before
the noun:
ces livres - these books
chaque personne - each person
quel stylo ? - which pen?
aucune femme - no woman
mon enfant - my child
 Beauty
Age
Good and
bad
Size (except
for grand with
people
Adjectives
 Some adjectives have both a figurative and an analytic
(literal) sense and can thus be placed on either side of the
noun. When the adjective is figurative, it goes before the
noun, and when it's analytic, it goes after the noun.
Figurative: mes vertes années my green (fruitful) years
Literal: des légumes verts green vegetables
Figurative: un grand homme a great man
Literal: un homme grand a tall man
Figurative: un triste individu a sad (mean or bad) person
Literal: un individu triste a sad (crying) person
Figurative: mon ancienne école my old (former) school
Literal: mon école ancienne my old (aged) school
Figurative: un certain regard a certain (type of) look
Literal: une victoire certaine a certain (assured) victory
Possessive Adjectives
 Possessive adjectives are the words used in place of articles to
indicate to whom or to what something belongs.
 When describing two or more nouns in French, a
possessive adjective must be used in front of each one:
son frère et sa sœur
his brother and sister
notre tante et notre oncle
our aunt and uncle
Possessive Adjectives
Possessive Adjectives- MY
mon (masculine singular) mon stylo
- "my pen"
ma (feminine singular) ma montre "my watch"
mes (plural) mes livres - "my books”
When a feminine noun begins with
a vowel, the masculine possessive is
used
mon amie - "my (female) friend"
Possessive Adjectives YOUR (tu)
 ton (masculine singular) ton stylo - "your pen"
 ta (feminine singular) ta montre - "your watch"
 tes (plural) tes livres - "your books"
 When a feminine noun begins with a vowel, the
masculine possessive is used:
 ton amie - "your (female) friend”
Possessive Adjectives HIS/HER/ITS (il,elle,ont)
 son (masculine singular) son stylo - "his, her, its
pen"
 sa (feminine singular) sa montre - "his, her, its
watch"
 ses (plural) ses livres - "his, her, its books"
 When a feminine noun begins with a vowel, the
masculine possessive is used:
 son amie - "his, her, its (female) friend"
Possessive Adjectives
 The possessive adjective is almost never used with
body parts in French. You can't say "my hand" or
"my hair." Instead, the French use pronominal
verbs to show possession with body parts:
Je me suis cassé la jambe
I broke my leg (literally, I broke the leg of myself).
Il se lave les cheveux
He's washing his hair (literally, He washes the hair of
himself).
Adverbs
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adverbs of frequency
adverbs of manner (includes French adverb formation)
adverbs of place
adverbs of quantity
adverbs of time
comparative/superlative adverbs
exclamative adverbs
indefinite adverbs
interrogative adverbs
negative adverbs
Adverbs
 Short adverbs that modify a verb usually follow the
conjugated verb.
Nous mangeons bien
We eat well.
Nous avons bien mangé.
We ate well.
Nous allons bien manger.
We will eat well.
Il fait souvent la cuisine.
Il a souvent fait la cuisine.
Il doit souvent faire la cuisine.
He often cooks.
He often cooked
He often has to cook.
Adverbs
Adverbs of frequency are usually
placed after the verb.
Exception: parfois is normally
placed at the beginning of the
sentence.
Je fais toujours mes devoirs
I always do my homework.
Parfois, Luc ne fait pas ses devoirs.
Sometimes Luc doesn't do his
homework.
Adverbs
 Adverbs of time which refer to specific days can
be placed at the beginning or end of the
sentence.
Aujourd'hui, je vais acheter une voiture.
Today, I'm going to buy a car.
Elles arriveront demain.
They'll arrive tomorrow.
Adverbs
 Long adverbs are usually placed at the beginning or
end of the sentence.
Généralement, nous mangeons avant 17h00.
Normally, we eat before 5pm.
Je ne l'ai pas trouvé, malheureusement.
I didn't find it, unfortunately.
However, if the long adverb specifically modifies the verb,
it is placed after the conjugated verb.
Il a immédiatement quitté Paris.
He left Paris immediately.
Adverbs
Adverbs of place are usually found
after the direct object.
Il a mis ton sac à dos là-bas.
He put your backpack over there.
J'ai trouvé le livre ici.
I found the book here.
Adverbs
 Adverbs which modify adjectives or other
adverbs are placed in front of the word
they modify.
Je suis très heureuse.
I'm very happy.
Chantal fait assez souvent ses devoirs.
Chantal does her homework fairly often.
Adverbs
In negative constructions, adverbs which
would normally follow the verb are placed
after pas.
Je mange bien ==> Je ne mange pas bien.
I eat well ==> I don't eat well.
Tu travailles trop ==> Tu ne travailles pas trop.
You work too much ==> You don't work too
much.
Prepositions with
Geographical Names
 As a general guideline, geographical names
which end in e are feminine, while those that end
in any other letter are masculine. There are, of
course, exceptions which simply have to be
memorized.
 1. I'm going to France - Je vais en France
 2. I'm in France - Je suis en France
 3. I'm from France - Je suis de France
Proverbe
 <<Tel Père, tel Fils>>
 Je ne suis pas d'accord avec cette proverbe. Il y a par
example des fils et des pères qui sont similaires, mais il ce
n'est pas assuré. Par example, mon pere et mon grandpere n’est pas similare. Mon pere jouerait au basket et de
la guitare, et mon grand-pere n’aimerait pas le sports et a
sont ton sourd. Il n’ai pas possible pour une personne est
exactement cette son parents, etcette est bonne.
Indivitualité est tres important and necessaire. Une
personne c'est leur propre personne et leurs parents
n'affectent pasce-qui ils sont. Une personne est défini par
leur decisions, pas leur famille ou leur parents. Il faut
expliquer le sens d'une proverbe avant de la critiquer
Sources
http://french.about.com/bio/L
aura-K-Lawless-3906.htm