Transcript Stem Changing verbs

Stem-Changing
Verbs
Main Concept
Each verb can be
broken into two main
parts:
–The stem (everything but
the ar, er, or ir.)
–The ending (the ar, er, or
ir.)
Main Concept
(cont.)
Here are some examples.
Verb
Stem
Ending
Respetar
Aprender
Escribir
Preguntar
Respet
Aprend
Escrib
Pregunt
ar
er
ir
ar
Stem-changing
A stem-changing verb
changes its stem or root
when you conjugate it for
SOME of the subjects.
They do not change with
nosotros or vosotros.
The Types
There are four types of
stem changing verbs:
–e to ie stem changers.
– o to ue stem changers.
– u to ue stem changers.
– e to i stem changers.
Ar, Er, and Ir can be any of
the first three.
ONLY Ir verbs can be e to i
stem changers.
No changes in the NOSOTROS form.
e to ie stem changers
Preferir- to prefer
Pensar – to think
Empezar – to begin
Querer – to want
Cerrar – to close
Entender – to understand
Tener – to have
o to ue stem changers.
Poder – to be able to
Dormir – to sleep
Costar – to cost
Almorzar – to eat lunch
Contar – to count
Llover – to rain
u to ue stem changers
Jugar – to play
e to i stem changers
Pedir – to order
Servir – to serve
Repetir – to repeat
Competir – to compete
Corregir- to correct, to grade
Conjugating
Stem-changing verbs
use the regular AR, ER
and IR verb
conjugations.
Where does it change?
The change takes place in
the penultimate syllable of
the infinitive.
If my verb is Repetir, I break
it into
syllables:
Re / pe / tir
Penultimate?
Re / pe / tir
–The penultimate syllable is pe.
(Re/pe/tir)
–Change this one.
¿Y el zapato?
Stem-changing verbs are
also known as “shoe”,
“boot”, or “internal change”
verbs
¿Y el zapato?
(cont.)
When you place them in
a conjugation chart, the
verbs that have a change
are positioned inside the
“shoe” or “boot”.
Un ejemplo:
Repetir
Yo
repito
Nosotros,
Nosotras
repetimos
Tú
repites
Él, ella , Ud.
repite
Ellas, ellos, Uds.
repiten
The Change
There is no good way of knowing
which verbs stem change other
than to memorize them.
Process:
As long as the subject is not
Nosotros, take the
penultimate syllable…
Change the letter
appropriately:
Entender
Entiender
Process (cont.)
And add the appropriate
ending.
¡Fácil, no!
Yo entiendo
Practice
The verbs in the next slide
are e to ie stem changers.
Conjugate them for the
person indicated.
–(Yo) Pensar
–(Tú) Entender
–(Ellos) Cerrar
–(Marisol) Empezar
–(Ud.) Comenzar
–(Paco y Beatriz) Querer
Más práctica
To following verbs are o to
ue stem changers. Watch
out for the nosotros form.
Subject
Verb
Yo
Dormir
Tú
Devolver
Ella
Probar
Pacha y yo
Almorzar
Ellas
Soñar con
Paco y Teresa Poder
These verbs on the next
slide are e to i stem
changers.
Subject
Verb
Ella
Pedir
Marco y Lucía Sonreir
Carlos y tú
Repetir
Yo
Seguir
Tú
Reir
Answers