Transcript EAP4 From Paragraph to Essay

Graduate Diploma
Reading & Writing Session 8
Language Issues
Self-study techniques
Verbs of Reference
COLLOCATIONS
click on
passes
upload
the button
submit
will receive a zero mark
essays submitted after
the deadline
files
claiming
'extenuating lateness'
when the course deadline assignments
click on
the button
upload
files
submit
assignments
essays submitted after
the deadline
will receive a zero mark
claiming
'extenuating lateness'
when the course deadline passes
a pop-up
list
the system is
box
the drop-down
busy
a pop-up
box
the system is
busy
the drop-down
list
Depending / how busy / system
you will see / file / same name / your original document
select / “I agree to the above statement” / drop down list
What are the missing words from this sentence?
you need ______ nothing ______
Depending / how busy / system
DEPENDING ON HOW BUSY THE SYSTEM IS
you will see / file / same name / your original document
YOU WILL SEE A FILE WITH THE SAME NAME AS
YOUR ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
select / “I agree to the above statement” / drop down list
SELECT “I AGREE TO THE ABOVE STATEMENT”
FROM THE DROP-DOWN LIST
What are the missing words from this sentence?
You need __ nothing ____
you need DO nothing ELSE
VERBS OF REFERENCE
Presenting a case
Describing a reaction to
another writer’s position
Other verbs of reference
Presenting a case
Describing a reaction to Other verbs of reference
another writer’s position
argue
claim
consider
hypothesise
suggest
believe
think
state
accept
admit
agree
deny
doubt
assume
conclude
discover
explain
imply
indicate
maintain
presume
reveal
show
Practice 1
Complete the sentences on your handout so that they reflect what the following
writers say /said.
A: “You could be right. I may have made a mistake in my estimate.”
B: “I did not say that sheep were faster than horses.”
C: “Whales are very intelligent animals.”
D: “I support A’s position on cats and dogs.”
E: “I’m not sure, but cows probably get cold in winter.”
F: “After much research, I’ve found that pigs can’t fly.”
G: “On my travels in the jungle I found a new type of frog.”
H: “I think it unlikely that cats can learn to talk.”
I: “Somebody should compare mouse behaviour with rat behaviour”
J: “There may be a link between health and the seasons”.
Key
A admitted* that he might have made a mistake in his estimate. (*or accepted /
agreed)
B denies saying that sheep are faster than horses.
C states that whales are very intelligent animals.
D agrees with A’s position on cats and dogs.
E assumes that cows could get cold in winter.
F concludes that pigs cannot fly.
G discovered a new type of frog in the jungle.
H doubts that cats can learn to talk.
I suggests that mouse behaviour should be compared with rat behaviour.
J hypothesised that there might be a link between health and the seasons.
What do the following verbs have in common?
•blame, censure, commend, condemn, criticise
What do the following verbs have in common?
•blame, censure, commend, condemn, criticise
They are followed by somebody/something + for +
noun / gerund.
e.g. Lee (1998) blames foreign investors for the
panic.
What pattern follows this group of verbs?
• assess, characterise, classify, define, describe,
evaluate, identify, interpret, portray, present
What pattern follows this group of verbs?
• assess, characterise, classify, define, describe,
evaluate, identify, interpret, portray, present
Verb + somebody/something + as + noun / gerund
e.g. Terry interprets rising oil prices as a result of
Asian recovery.
Practice 2
Rewrite the following statements using one of the two sets of verbs listed above.
e.g.
K: “X’s work is responsible for many of our current economic problems”
K blames X’s work for many of our current economic problems.
L: “She was very careless about her research methods”
M: “There are three main species of bees”
N: “The cat family are the kings of the animal world”
O: “I’m sure that dogs bark because they are nervous”
P: “Trying to estimate the number of animal species is like shooting in the dark”
Q: “Darwin was the greatest naturalist of the nineteenth century”
R: “An insect is a six-legged arthropod.”
S: “Queen Victoria was a short, rather fat woman with dark eyes”
T: “Gregor Mendel can be considered the founder of modern genetics”
Practice 2 : Prompts
L criticised…
M classifies…
N characterises…
O interprets…
P describes…
Q evaluates…
R defines…
S portrays…
T identifies Gregor Mendel…
Practice 2 : Key
L criticises her for being careless about her research methods / for the
carelessness of her research methods.
M classifies bees into three main species.
N characterises the cat family as “the kings of the animal world”.
O interprets dogs’ barking as nervousness.
P describes trying to estimate the number of animal species as being like
“shooting in the dark”.
Q evaluates Darwin as “the greatest naturalist of the nineteenth century.”
R defines an insect as a “six-legged arthropod.”
S portrays Queen Victoria as “a short, rather fat woman with dark eyes.”
T identifies Gregor Mendel as “the founder of modern genetics.”
Other expressions
According to X, “what X said”
As X states / argues etc, “what X said”
In the words of X, “what X said”
For X, “what X said”
X’s position / contention / argument is that…