Transcript Present tense

LECTURE 6
Theme: Verbs.
Tenses of Verbs.
Present tense.
Plan
1.
Verb.
2. Tenses of Verbs.
3. Speaking practice.
To study - вчити
To sit- сидіти
To read- читати
To shout - кричати
To speak - говорити
To buy - купувати
Tenses of Verbs
Ukrainian
verbs have only
three basic tenses: present,
past, and future.
Present tense

Historically, this is derived from the IndoEuropean present tense. In Common
Slavic and later Ukrainian, it retained its
present meaning only for imperfective
verbs and developed a future meaning for
perfective verbs.
The present tense

The present tense. Remember that it's
only imperfective verbs that can be in the
present tense.
Example 1: обідати -- to have
lunch
Я обідаю
Ти обідаєш
I have/am having lunch
You have/are having lunch
Він
Вона обідає
Воно
Ми обідаємо
Ви обідаєте
He
She has/is having
It
We have/are having lunch
You have/are having lunch
(informal you)
(formal and plural you)
Вони обідають
They have/are having lunch
Two essential things to learn from this
example: Ukrainian personal pronouns and
six verb endings to match six possible
subject persons. Note that English verbs in
the simple present tense do not change
regardless of the subject person except in
third person singular (I/you/we/they have,
but he/she/it has).
Example 2: писати -- to write


Я пишу
Ти пишеш
you)
I write/am writing
You write/are writing (informal
Він
He
Вона пише
She writes/ is writing
Воно
It
 Ми пишемо
We write/are
writing
 Ви пишете
You write/are
writing (formal and plural you)
 Вони пишуть
They write/are
writing


While the examples above may be
considered to belong to the same pattern
(it is called "Conjugation 1" in grammar
books), conjugation 2 verbs have another
vowel in their endings.
Example 3: вчити -- to
learn/teach






Я вчу
I learn/am learning
Ти вчиш You learn/are learning (informal you)
Він
He
Вона вчить
She learns/is learning
Воно
It
Ми вчимо
We learn/are learning
Ви вчите
You learn/are
learning (formal and plural you)
Вони вчать
They learn/are
learning
Example 4: стояти -- to stand

Я стою
I stand/am standing
Ти стоїш You stand/are standing (informal you)
Він
He
Вона стоїть
She stands/is standing
Воно
It
Ми стоїмо
We stand/are standing
Ви стоїте
You stand/are standing

Вони стоять






(formal and plural you)
They stand/are standing
Athematic verbs

Ukrainian inherited from Indo-European
through Common Slavic, the following 3
athematic verbs. These verbs have their
own conjugation in the present.
Everywhere else they are regular.
дати - to give
singular
 First Person дам
 Second Person даси
 Third Person
дасть
plural
дамо
дасте
дадуть
їсти - to eat
Singular
First Person
їм
Second Person їси
Third Person
їсть
plural
їмо
їсте
їдять
Compounds ending in -вісти
Singular
 First Person
-вім
 Second Person -віси
 Third Person
-вість
plural
-вімо
-вісте
-відять
ДЯКУЮ ЗА
УВАГУ!