Transcript English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)

Chapters 23-25
Extending the Skills: Verbs
English Skills, 3E
John Langan
©2002The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Additional Information about Verbs
Here are the three areas we’ll discuss in this
section:
• Compound Subjects and Verbs
• Tense, Voice and Verbals
• Subject-Verb Agreement
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Compound Subjects and Verbs
• A sentence may have more than one verb.
– The shark swam and attacked.
• A sentence may have more than one
subject.
– Dolphins and whales have some
protection from sharks.
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verb Tense. . .
. . . tells you the time of
the action.
Let’s start with the
simple
• present,
• past, and
• future.
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verb Tense
But, we can also be a little more specific about time
using these other tenses:
•Perfect Tense (Add a form of the verb “have”)
•Progressive Tense (Add a form of the verb “be”)
•Perfect Progressive Tense (Add both the verbs
“have” and “be.”)
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verb Voice
Verb voice refers to the active or passive form
of a verb.
• ACTIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done by the
subject.
– EX: The dog ate all my dinner! (The dog performed the action.)
• PASSIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done to the
subject.
– EX: The dog was put on its leash by Aunt Rose. (The action was
done to the dog, by Aunt Rose.)
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verbals
Verbals are words
formed from verbs.
There are three kinds:
• Infinitives
• Participles
• Gerunds
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verbals
An
is formed
by adding the word
“to” to the base form
of the verb.
“to” + “steal” =
So, what is the infinitive
of the verb “steal”?
Example:
English Brushup, 3E
“to steal”
Jesse James loved to steal
money from bankers.
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verbals
A
is a verb
form used as an
adjective.
The past participle ends
in -ed or is irregular.
Example:
The present participle
ends in -ing.
English Brushup, 3E
Looking over her tax
returns, the weeping
accountant tugged her
bleached hair.
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Verbals
A
is the -ing
form of a verb
used as a noun.
Let’s make a gerund out of
the verb “bowl.”
“Bowl” + “ing” = “Bowling”
Example:
Bowling is not a sport,
because you can
smoke while you’re
doing it.
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Subject-Verb Agreement with Compounds
• When compound subjects are joined by
words such as or, nor or either… or, the
verb agrees with the closer subject
– Either the twins or Joey is knocking on our
door.
– I can’t decide if my pants or my hat looks
better.
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25)
Subject-Verb Agreement
• Indefinite pronouns (each, everyone, somebody,
etc.) refer to indefinite persons or things and
usually require a singular verb.
• Each of the volunteers tutors for at least
three hours every week.
• All and some require either a singular or plural
verb, depending on the words that follow them.
• Some of the people are still waiting.
• Some of the cake is on the table.
English Brushup, 3E
©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.