Transcript Reflexive Verbs

Reflexive Verbs
A verb is REFLEXIVE when the
_________
SUBJECT and the
DIRECT OBJECT are the
____________
____________.
(The subject is
SAME PERSON
doing something onto itself).
We express this in English by
saying “self”.
So…. what’s a direct object?
It is the person or thing in
the sentence that receives
the action of the verb.
THE LETTER THAT’S WRITTEN
THE DINNER THAT’S COOKED
THE BALL THAT’S THROWN
THE FRIEND THAT’S CALLED
THE CAKE THAT’S BAKED
THE HOMEWORK THAT’S DONE
But… back to reflexive verbs!
Here are some examples:
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We get (ourselves) up at dawn.
Dad shaves (himself) every day.
Where should I sit (myself) down?
She has to wash her (own) hair now.
They are dressing (themselves).
The child goes (takes himself) to bed at
8:00.
• Do you want to try that dress on
(yourself)?
Pause for practice!
Some verbs can be used as reflexive or
nonreflexive:
• I wash my hands. (reflexive)
• I wash the dog. (nonreflexive - here the
subject is “I” and the D.O. is “dog”)
• She is dressing herself. (reflexive)
• She is dressing her son. (nonreflexive here the subject is “she” and the D.O. is
“son”)
With an amigo (or by yourself), decide if
the following sentences are reflexive or
not:
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They sat down next to
me.
I woke her up late
today.
They had to go to bed
early.
Wash the dog!
Dress your brother!
He brushes his teeth
three times a day.
REFLEXIVE
NON REFLEXIVE
REFLEXIVE
NON REFLEXIVE
NON REFLEXIVE
REFLEXIVE
Pause for practice!
Can you think of some actions
that would be reflexive?
A lot of actions we do to get ourselves
ready for the day are reflexive verbs.
Common reflexive verbs include:
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to go to bed
to shave
to get ready
to bathe
to comb
to wake up
to have fun
to (fall) asleep
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acostarse (o>ue)
afeitarse
arreglarse
bañarse
cepillarse
despertarse (e>ie)
divertirse (e>ie)
dormirse (o>ue)
Refer to your purple reference sheet for a complete
list of he verbs you will use in Spanish 2.
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to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
go
wash
get up
comb one’s hair
put on
take off
sit
get dressed
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irse
lavarse
levantarse
peinarse
ponerse
quitarse
sentarse (e>ie)
vestirse (e>I)
When conjugating in Spanish, reflexive verbs
require the use of a reflexive pronoun:
• Me
• Te
• Se
• Nos
• Os
• Se
Note how “se” can be used for both singular and
plural. The use of a subject pronoun in the sentence is
recommended to clarify.
The reflexive pronoun you use will
represent the subject of the
sentence.
For example: I wash (myself).
ME lavo.
Yo _____
Let’s try some more.
We get ready slowly.
Nos arreglamos lentamente.
You wake up at 6:00.
Te despiertas a las seis.
He washes his hands before
dinner.
Se lava las manos antes de
la cena.
Note the use of the definite article instead of the possessive adjective in
the sentence.
Pause for practice!
But it’s not enough to know that you
have to use a reflexive pronoun.
You also have to know where to put it in
the sentence.
The type of verb in the sentence will
determine the reflexive pronoun’s placement.
CONJUGATED VERB in the sentence, the
If there’s a ___________________
reflexive pronoun goes _________
BEFORE the verb.
_____
ME cepillo los dientes.
Reflexive
Conjugated
Pronoun
Verb
Pause for practice!
INFINITIVE in the sentence, the
If there’s an ___________
reflexive pronoun gets ___________
ATTACHED to the verb.
Queremos levantar_____
NOS temprano.
Infinitive
Reflexive
Pronoun
“Levantarnos” is ONE WORD.
BUT… since there is also a CONJUGATED VERB in the
sentence, the reflexive pronoun can still go BEFORE
the conjugated verb.
Queremos levantar_____
NOS temprano.
NOS queremos
_____
levantar temprano.
Infinitive Reflexive
Pronoun
Reflexive
Conjugated
Pronoun
Verb
Pause for practice!
PRESENT ____________
PARTICIPLE in the sentence,
If there’s a __________
the reflexive pronoun gets __________
ATTACHED to the verb.
Susi está acostando
acostándo ___
SE ahora.
Participle
HOWEVER…
Reflexive Pronoun
When you attach to the end of the participle, you add
a syllable to the word, which messes with the natural
stress.
THEREFORE… The participle will need a written accent over the “A”
in –ANDO or the “E” in –IENDO.
BUT… since there is also a CONJUGATED VERB in the
sentence, the reflexive pronoun can still go BEFORE
the conjugated verb.
Susi está acostándo___
SE ahora.
SE está
Susi ___
acostando ahora.
Participle Reflexive
Pronoun
Reflexive Conjugated
Pronoun
Verb
Pause for practice!
AFFIRMATIVE
If the verb in the sentence is an ____________
COMMAND the reflexive pronoun gets ___________
ATTACHED
___________,
to the verb ALWAYS
Despierta____
TE
Command
Reflexive
Pronoun
Affirmative commands are when you tell someone to do
something. Regular commands are formed by conjugating in
the “tú” form and dropping the “S”. Irregular commands will be
covered later this year.
Despierta__
Despiérta__
TE
HOWEVER…
When the command is more than one
syllable AND you attach to the end of the
participle, you add a syllable to the word,
which messes with the natural stress.
THEREFORE…
The command will need a written accent.
Count back 3 vowels from the end (including
the reflexive pronoun) and you will be over
the right letter MOST OF THE TIME.
Pause for practice!
Practice! Translate the following
sentences into Spanish:
Elena is getting ready (note the -ING).
Yolanda and Carlos have to wake up at
6:00.
I shave every day.
Marcos and Paula want to have fun.
Sit down, please. (use a command)
Tito brushes his teeth with tooth paste.
Check:
Elena está preparándose.
OR: Elena se está preparando.
Yolanda y Carlos tienen que despertarse a
las seis.
OR: Yolanda y Carlos se tienen que
despertar a las seis.
Check:
Me afeito todos los días.
Marcos y Paula quieren divertirse
OR: Marcos y Paula se quieren
divertir.
Siéntate, por favor.
Tito se cepilla los dientes con pasta dental.