Transcript Today`s Agenda - English With Mrs. Pixler

Today’s Agenda
• Turn In Homework
• Daily Starter
• Understanding Pronouns
• Who, Whom, and That
• Eliminating Sexist Pronouns
• Homework
• Review pronoun agreement, vague pronouns, pronoun forms,
who/whom/that, and sexist pronouns.
• Complete practice activities (see class website for link).
• Be ready to ace the Pronoun Quiz on Tuesday!
Daily Starter
Essential Vocabulary
• Case: indicates a the grammatical function of a noun or
pronoun in a phrase, clause, or sentence
•
•
Subjective: pronoun acts as the subject
Objective: pronoun is the recipient of action; object of verb or of
preposition
1. Construct a sentence in which you are the subject.
2. Construct a sentence in which you are the object.
3. Construct a sentence using a compound (Sally and I).
4. Verify that you have used the correct pronoun case.
Who, Whom, and That
• Writers are often confused about which of these to use in
a given sentence. Many times, writers use that when they
should use either who or whom.
• You can avoid these two errors by first understanding how
who, whom, and that often refer back to a previous noun
or pronoun.
• In general, do not use that when the antecedent is a
person.
Who, Whom, and That
• That Thing Tip: Use that only if it refers back to a
nonhuman thing (such as an object, an idea, a place, or
an animal).
• Error:
The student that read my draft said it was clear.
• Tip applied: Student = not a thing, so there is an error. Need to use
who or whom.
• Who + Verb Tip: Look at the word following (usually
immediately following) who or whom. If this word is a
verb, use who. [Who = subjective; whom = objective!]
• Error:
The student [who/whom] read my draft said it was
clear.
• Tip applied: Read is a verb, so I need to use who.
• Correction: The student who read my draft said it was clear.
Let’s Practice!
Underline all occurrences of the pronoun that. Next, underline twice the noun or pronoun to which
that refers (its antecedent). If the antecedent is nonhuman, write OK. If the antecedent refers to
1.people,
I shined
thethat
shoes
that
I would
wear to the meeting in the morning.
then replace
with who
or whom
as appropriate.
2.
I asked if he knew any residents that were interested in leasing
their apartments.
3.
The candidate thanked all the volunteers that had worked so hard
on the campaign.
4.
I couldn’t find the clerk that had sold me the shirt.
5.
We really liked the plans that we had looked at first.
Eliminating Sexist Pronouns
• Sexist language, even when unintentional, is
unacceptable in scholarly and professional
communication.
• One form of sexist language occurs when certain
personal pronouns (he, his, him, her, and she) are used
in ways that indicate only males or only females are being
discussed.
• Of course, you can use pronouns such as he or her when the
pronouns logically refer to only males (a father or a member of an
all-male class) or only to females (a bride or a pitcher on a
women’s softball team), but make such generalizations only if there
is no chance of excluding people who are in the category.
Eliminating Sexist Pronouns
• Abstract-Reference Tip: First, look for abstract
references to people (words that deal with a type of
person or to people in general, not specific individuals).
Second, check to see whether you use personal pronouns
to refer back to these abstract references later in your
writing. If these pronouns exclude one gender, the
language is probably sexist.
• Correcting Sexist Pronouns
1) Plural Abstract Reference + Plural Pronoun = Nonsexist Language
2) Abstract Reference + He or She = Nonsexist Language
Let’s Practice!
The sentences below contain sexist singular pronouns that refer back to abstract references to
people. Underline both the sexist pronoun and the abstract reference. Eliminate the sexist language
both
the pronoun
and the
abstract
plural.
If needed,
change the verb to agree
1.by making
Every
parent
should
strive
toreference
make his
child
independent.
with the new plural subject.
2.
No employer wants his employees to be without health insurance.
3.
A politician must choose his words carefully.
4.
We want every eligible voter to cast his ballot in favor of the school
bond.
5.
Every CEO has to take full legal responsibility for his actions.