Transcript INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR

INTRODUCTION
TO GRAMMAR
THE PARTS OF SPEECH
YOUR SECRET DECODER RING
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A SORBISH OF BILM AND CHURVY
FILBS KRIMMED BESIDE A SNARFY
DORGE.
WHAT COLOR WERE THE FILBS?
COPY SENTENCE AND REPLACE WITH
REAL WORDS.
LABEL PARTS OF SPEECH
NOUN
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PERSON
PLACE
THING
IDEA
PRONOUN
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REPLACES A NOUN OR ANOTHER
PRONOUN
“SHE” INSTEAD OF MS. CHRISTIANSEN
OR TEACHER
ADJECTIVE
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DESCRIBES OR TELLS MORE ABOUT A
NOUN OR A PRONOUN
THE “PRETTY” GIRL
VERB
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ACTION
STATE OF BEING
SHE “RAN”- ACTION
SHE “IS” - BEING
ADVERB
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DESCRIBES OR TELLS MORE ABOUT A
VERB, AN ADJECTIVE, OR ANOTHER
ADVERB
SHE RAN “QUICKLY”.
PREPOSITION
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SHOWS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
A NOUN OR PRONOUN AND ANOTHER
WORD IN THE SENTENCE.
SQUIRREL TO A TREE
HE RAN “TO” THE HOUSE.
CONJUNCTION
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CONNECTS WORDS, PHRASES, OR
CLAUSES IN A SENTENCE.
“AND” “BUT” “OR” “NOR”
INTERJECTION
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WORD OR PHRASE USED TO EXPRESS
EMOTION
“HEY” “WOW”
PARTS OF A SENTENCE
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TYPICAL ENGLISH SENTENCE =
SUBJECT, VERB, OBJECT
SUBJECT = WHO OR WHAT PERFORMS
THE ACTION OF THE SENTENCE
PREDICATE = WHAT THE SUBJECT DID
OR WHAT HAPPENED TO THE SUBJECT
SIMPLE v. COMPLETE
COMPOUND SENTENCES
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COMPOUND SUBJECT
THE AURORA BOREALIS AND THE AURORA
AUSTRALIS ARE TWO OF NATURE’S GREAT LIGHT
SHOWS.
COMPOUND VERB OR PREDICATE
THE LIGHTS GLIMMER AND RIPPLE ACROSS THE
NIGHT SKY.
A MAGNETIC STORM IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE
CAUSES THE LIGHTS AND CREATES THEIR EERIE,
SHIFTING PATTERNS.
TYPES OF SENTENCES
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4 TYPES OF SENTENCES
DECLARATIVE – TO STATE A FACT,
WISH, INTENT, OR FEELING
INTERROGATIVE – TO ASK A QUESTION
IMPERATIVE – TO GIVE A COMMAND,
REQUEST, OR DIRECTION
EXCLAMATORY – TO EXPRESS
STRONG FEELING
SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES
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FIND THE VERB FIRST
INVERTED SENTENCES –
ITERROGATIVE “HAVE ANY BOTANISTS
IN YOUR AREA ENCOUNTERED AN
INSECT-EATING COBRA LILY?”
WITHIN ITS LONG, SLIPPERY LEAVES
LIES A DEATH TRAP FOR CARELESS
BUGS.
SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES
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BEGINNING WITH “HERE” OR “THERE”
THERE ARE SEVERAL OTHER
CARNIVOROUS PLANTS BESIDES THE
COBRA LILY.
HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES: VENUS
FLYTRAPS, SUNDEWS, AND
BLADDERWORTS.
COMPLEMENTS
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DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS
NOTHING CAN ESCAPE A BLACK HOLE.
THE FORMULA
THE HUBBLE TELESCOPE SHOWED
SCIENTISTS AN ENORMOUS BLACK
HOLE.
THE FORMULA
COMPLEMENTS
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SUBJECT COMPLEMENT – FOLLOWS A
LINKING VERB AND IDENTIFIES OR
DESCRIBES THE SUBJECT
THE AMAZON IS A VERY WIDE RIVER –
OVER SIX MILES IN PLACES.
PREDICATE NOMINATIVE = NOUN
IN PLACES, NEITHER BANK IS VISIBLE
FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE RIVER.
PREDICATE ADJECTIVE = ADJECTIVE
FOR TOMORROW AND THE
NEXT DAY…
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IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF THE
SENTENCE
VISUALIZING THE SENTENCE DIAGRAMMING