Transcript Present Tense and Imperatives of Verbs

Present Tense and
Imperatives of Verbs
Present Tense
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Present tense shows action is occurring
right now
It can have three possible translations:
– Progressive = “I am walking”
– Simple = “I walk”
– Emphatic = “I do walk”
There are 6 forms of present tense verbs
(2 numbers X 3 persons = 6; not
including the dual number)
Forms of the Present Tense
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We will work with the w-conjugation,
active voice, present tense
Take the infinitive paideÚein and remove
the –ein
That leaves you with paideÚ, the STEM
Add endings to the stem to change the
person and number of the verb
Present Tense - Conjugated
1st Person
Singular
Plural
paideÚw
paideÚomen
I teach
We teach
2nd Person paideÚeij
3rd Person
paideÚete
You teach
You teach
paideÚei
paideÚousi(n)
She teaches
They teach
Present Tense Endings
Singular
Plural
1st Person
w
omen
2nd Person
eij
ete
3rd Person
ei
ousi(n)*
*The n at the end of the 3rd person plural is
called n-movable; it is added when the word
that follows begins with a vowel OR if the 3rd
person plural is the last word in the sentence.
Present Active Imperative
Form
Translation
Ending
2nd Person paideÚe
Teach!
e
3rd Person paideuštw
Let him teach!
etw
2nd Person paideÚete
Teach!
ete
3rd Person paideuÒntw
Let them teach! ontwn
Singular
Plural
Negation
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To tell someone NOT to do something
with the Imperative, use m»
To make a present tense, active voice
verb into a negative, use oÙ
oÙ is proclitic – it leans ahead to the next
word for its accent
Before a smooth breathing oÙ becomes
oÙk; before a rough breathing oÙ
becomes oÙc
w Verbs
How do you know if you are working with
the w-conjugation?
 Look at the principal parts
 The first principal part listed is the
present tense, active voice, indicative
mood form
 If it ends in just w, then you can use the
verb endings you just learned with that
verb
 Luw, lusw, elusa, leluka, lelumai, eluqhn
 Tiqhmi, qhsw, eqhka, teqhka, teqeimai
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