Transcript GUIDELINES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN ESSAY

SPM ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1119
GUIDELINES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN
ESSAY WRITING: PART 3
Prepared by
ZANURIN BIN MOHAMAD SAFAR
Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Inggeris
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kulim
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• TASK 3: Tell your friend next to you HOW
AND WHEN to use each of the verbs below:
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1. drives
2. drive
3. were driving
4. is driven
5. have driven
6. drove
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STRATEGY 1: APPLY DIVER FORMS TO
ENHANCE YOUR MASTERY OF TENSES
• DIVER FORMS (Different Verb
Forms)
• Why?
• To enhance the mastery of basic
tenses
• To reduce errors
• To improve language quality
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LET’S REVISE SOME BASIC RULES (page 4):
Simple present tense
Simple past tense
Continuous tense
Perfect tense
Passive verbs
• APPLY “Sub-TiMe”
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• Apply “SubTiMe” - three crucial questions
which students must ask:
– Question 1: ‘SUB’ stands for ‘subject’ –
Students must determine the status of the
subject in the sentence by determining the
status of the verb. They ask themselves, “Is
the verb singular or plural?”
• Therefore, always remind yourself – “When
the verb is singular, the subject must be
singular/uncountable/abstract” & “When the
verb is plural, the subject must be
plural/countable”
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–Question 2: ‘TI’ stands for ‘time’ –
“Does the action happen at
present or in the past?”
–Question 3: ‘ME’ stands for
‘meaning’ – “What does the verb
mean?”
• Ask the questions above BEFORE
CONSTRUCTING EACH SENTENCE
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• TASK 4: Construct a sentence based on
each of the verbs below
• 1. ban
• 2. banned
• 3. has banned
• 4. bans
• 5. are banning
• 6. is banned
• Time: 6 minutes
• Be prepared to present them
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• MESSAGE:
• EVERY SENTENCE THAT YOU WRITE HAS A
VERB
• IT IS A FACT THAT ONE OF THE COMMON
ERRORS IS ERRORS ON VERBS
• THEREFORE, THERE MUST BE ONGOING
PRACTICES TO MASTER ALL TENSES – TO
REDUCE ERRORS ON VERBS
• PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT. AGREE?
• APPLY DIVER FORMS (page 5 & page 6)
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• STRATEGY 2: MASTER PAST TENSE VERBS. HOW?
• PARAGRAPH WRITING SCHEME (PAWS)
STEPS:
• 1. Think of one starting sentence
• 2. Continue writing several more sentences
• 3. Write whatever ideas/details that come
across your mind.
• 4. Determine the length of the paragraph
• 5. The length must increase from time to time
• 6. Underline every past tense verb in the
paragraph
Starting sentence: I was totally clueless why I kept
on thinking of my biggest enemy.
• I even dreamt of him last night.
• He apologised to me repeatedly but I just
ignored him.
• Finally I accepted his apology and he was
bursting with joy.
• My handsome enemy invited me for dinner at a
posh restaurant which belonged to his father.
• I really wanted to say ‘No!’ but out of thin air, I
said ‘Yes’ to him [73 words]
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• TASK 5 :
• Write a paragraph based on the starting line
given:
• Suddenly I heard my name was called repeatedly
and the person shouted at the top of his/her
voice saying “I love you!”
• Preparation: 5 minutes
• Get ready to present your paragraph
THE POINT IS …
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• OTHER STARTING SENTENCES
• OPA STYLE: VERSION 1 (GENERAL)
• When I opened the door, I saw a bag
full of money in front of me. …
• I wanted to tell him how much I liked
him but …
• The moment I stepped into the
classroom, all my classmates looked at
me strangely. …
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• OTHER STARTING SENTENCES
• OPA STYLE: VERSION 2 (BASED ON
INCIDENTS/EVENTS)
• I witnessed the tragic accident. …
• The robbery happened right in front of
Maya. …
• It was a memorable farewell party. …
• Everybody had fun at the reunion. …
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MESSAGES:
• PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT. AGREE? (Page
7)
• YOU DO NOT HAVE TO WRITE 100 ESSAYS
TO IMPROVE YOUR PAST TENSE VERBS
• HOWEVER, YOU ONLY NEED TO WRITE
SHORT PARAGRAPHS ON ONGOING BASIS
• TRY TO WRITE ABOUT AS MANY EVENTS
OR INCIDENTS AS POSSIBLE
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• TASK 6:
• Feeling?
• He is …
• Feeling?
• She is …
• Feeling?
• He is …
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STRATEGY 3: USE SOPHISTICATED WORDS
AND IDIOMS IN YOUR ESSAY
Why? To enrich your language quality + to
gain merits
TASK 7: List down adjectives and idioms
that you know to show happiness.
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SOME EXAMPLES OF SOPHISTICATED ADJECTIVES AND
IDIOMS THAT SHOW HAPPINESS
1. RADIANT
2. ELATED
3. ECSTATIC
4. CONTENTED
5. EUPHORIC
6. I WAS ON CLOUD NINE.
7. SHE WAS BURSTING WITH JOY.
8. THEY WERE DELIRIOUS WITH JOY.
9. SHAM WAS ALL AGOG TO SEE …
10. HE WAS OVER THE MOON WHEN…
11. SHE WAS IN SEVENTH HEAVEN TO …
12. WE HAD BEEN WALKING ON AIR SINCE…
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• READ AN ESSAY ON PAGE 8 (DESCRIBE YOUR
EXPERIENCE TAKING PART IN A SCHOOL
PROGRAMME AND HOW YOU FELT)
• THE ESSAY HAS NO/ZERO MERIT.
• LET US REPLACE SOME OF THE WORDS WITH
SOPHISTICATED WORDS OR IDIOMS SO THAT
THERE WILL BE MERITS THROUGHOUT THE
ESSAY.
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• TASK 8:
• READ ANOTHER ESSAY ON PAGE 9 (DESCRIBE
YOUR VISIT TO A PUBLIC PLACE AND WHOM
YOU MET).
• IN PAIRS, SUGGEST SUITABLE SOPHISTICATED
WORDS OR IDIOMS THAT CAN REPLACE SOME
OF THE WORDS IN THE ESSAY SO THAT THE
ESSAY HAS MORE MERITS.
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• TASK 9 :
• Watch a video. Based on the video, write a
paragraph.
• Make sure you get some merits in the
paragraph. Use suitable sophisticated
adjectives and idioms to enrich the quality
of language in the essay.
• Focus on the feelings and descriptions of
characters
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CLOSURE
• NO DOUBT ALL OF YOU CAN WRITE. HOWEVER,
MAKE SURE THERE ARE SEVERAL MERITS IN
EACH OF YOUR PARAGRAPHS.
• MERITS CAN BE EASILY OBTAINED BY USING
SOPHISTICATED/LOW-FREQUENCY/ HIGHFLOWN/BOMBASTIC WORDS OR IDIOMS
• FOCUS ON FEELINGS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF
CHARACTERS
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• STRATEGY 4: VARY SENTENCE
STRUCTURES
• Simple, compound and complex sentences
• What is a simple sentence?
• SIMPLE SENTENCE: Has one main idea.
e.g. The girls are not smart.
• What is a compound sentence?
• COMPOUND SENTENCE: Has two main
ideas that are linked by “and, but, or, so”
e.g. The boys are handsome and brilliant.
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What is a complex sentence?
COMPLEX SENTENCE: Has one main
idea and one or more subordinate ideas.
e.g.
1. The girls, who are mostly romantic,
eat a lot!
2. The girls, who are mostly romantic,
who have great passion for food, are
angry with me.
3. The book that was lost was
expensive.
4. The beggar who was talking to me
was my neighbour.
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TASK 10:
Complete these COMPLEX sentences:
We were delirious with joy when …
We visited the museum before …
After I came home, I …
The boy was punished because …
Whenever they saw Mr. Lim, they …
Students enjoyed their days when …
MESSAGE?
YES YOU CAN VARY YOUR
SENTENCES IN YOUR ESSAYS
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TASK 11 :
Watch a video
Individually, write a short paragraph
Make sure there are at least these
sentences in your paragraph:
• i) one compound sentence
• ii) one complex sentence describing
anything related to the video
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• CLOSURE:
• ENHANCE YOUR LANGUAGE QUALITY FOR
YOUR A+/A/A• THIS ENHANCEMENT PROCESS TAKES TIME.
THEREFORE, IT MUST BE ONGOING.
• THERE ARE ALWAYS WAYS / STRATEGIES TO
ENHANCE YOUR LANGUAGE QUALITY.
• IF YOU REALLY WANT TO GET THE BEST
RESULT, YOU NEED TO MAKE PLANS BECAUSE
“THOSE WHO FAIL TO PLAN, THEY
ARE ACTUALLY PLANNING TO FAIL”
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• STRATEGY 5: ENHANCE READERS’
INTEREST TO READ YOUR ESSAYS
ESPECIALLY YOUR CONTINUOUS
ESSAYS
• WHY?
• A good mark is awarded when the reader’s
interest is aroused and sustained
• HOW?
• Most of you lack creativity, therefore,
reading excellent short stories is helpful.
• Task 12: Let’s read 2 sample essays (pp.1112)
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HOW TO GET MORE STORIES:
• USE ANY SEARH ENGINE
• CHOICE 1: TYPE “INSPIRATIONAL STORIES” –
ABOUT LIFE, FOR TEENAGERS, FOR STUDENTS,
OF FAITH
• CHOICE 2: TYPE “SHORT STORIES” – WITH
MORAL LESSONS, ABOUT LOVE, ABOUT
FRIENDSHIP
• CHOICE 3: TYPE “BEST SHORT STORIES” – BEST
SHORT STORIES OF ALL TIME, BEST AMERICAN
SHORT STORIES, BEST HORROR SHORT
STORIES, BEST COLLECTION OF SHORT STORIES
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END OF PART 3
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