Transcript 17.1 The conditional

17.1 The conditional
ANTE TODO
 The conditional tense in Spanish expresses what you
would do or what would happen under certain
circumstances or conditions.
 The conditional is also commonly used to make polite
requests or polite statements.
 Me gustaría ir contigo.
I would like to go with you.
¿Podrías abrir la ventana, por favor?
Would you open the window, please?
¿Sería tan amable de venir a mi oficina?
Would you be so kind as to come to my office?
17.1 The conditional
 In Spanish, as in English, the conditional also expresses
the future in relation to a past action or state of being. In
other words, the future indicates what will happen
whereas the conditional indicates what would happen.
Creo que mañana hará sol.
I think it will be sunny tomorrow.
Creía que hoy haría sol.
I thought it would be sunny today.
imperfect condicional
17.1 The conditional
 In order to use the conditional after the
word “si” (if), Spanish requires the use of
the past subjunctive. Until we learn this,
avoid using clauses that contain Si+past
subjunctive + conditional. I will give you
two that you can use:
Si fuera posible, + conditional (If it were
possible…)
Si yo pudiera + conditional (If I could…)
17.1 The conditional
 Until you learn the past subjunctive, you
can start conditional phrases with
expressions such as:
Con + más/menos + noun (With more/less)
Sin + verb/noun (Without/ Without verbing)
Para + infinitive (In order to)
En vez de + infinitive (Instead of verbing)
Conditional + pero + verb = would but…
17.1 The conditional
 While in English the conditional is a compound verb form
made up of the auxiliary verb would and a main verb, in
Spanish it is a simple verb form that consists of one word.
Yo no haría trampas.
I would not cheat.
¿Vivirían ustedes en otro país?
Would you live in another country?
17.1 The conditional
¡ATENCIÓN!
 There is only one set of endings for all –ar,-er, and –ir
verbs in the conditional. (ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían)
 Note: The first person singular and the third person
singular endings are the same. Context will distinguish
the subject.
 The ending are attached to either the infinitive or the
irregular stem, just like the future tense. The conditional
irregulars are the same as the future irregulars.
 All forms of the conditional have an accent mark on the
last í.
17.1 The conditional
The conditional tense
visitar
comer
aplaudir
yo
visitaría
comería
aplaudiría
tú
visitarías
visitaría
comerías
comería
aplaudirías
aplaudiría
SINGULAR FORMS
Ud. / él / ella
PLURAL FORMS
nosotros/as
vosotros/as
Uds. / ellos / ellas
visitaríamos comeríamos
aplaudiríamos
visitaríais
visitarían
aplaudiríais
aplaudirían
comeríais
comerían
17.1 The conditional
 For irregular verbs add the conditional endings to the irregular
stems. Notice that the irregular stems are the same as the
irregular future stems.
INFINITIVE
STEM
CONDITIONAL
decir
hacer
poder
poner
haber
querer
saber
salir
tener
venir
dirharpodrpondrhabrquerrsabrsaldrtendrvendr-
diría, etc.
haría. etc.
podría, etc.
pondría, etc.
habría, etc.
querría, etc.
sabría, etc.
saldría, etc.
tendría, etc.
vendría, etc.
17.1 The conditional
 The infinitive of hay is haber, so its
conditional form is habría. It means “there
would be.”
17.1 The conditional
 The English would is often used with a verb to express
the conditional, but it can also mean used to, in the
sense of past habitual action.
 To express past habitual actions, Spanish uses the
imperfect, not the conditional.
Íbamos al parque los sábados.
We would go (used to) to the park on Saturdays.
De adolescentes, comíamos mucho.
As teenagers, we would (used to) eat a lot.
17.1 The conditional
COMPARE & CONTRAST
 In Lección 16, you learned the future of probability. Spanish
also has the conditional of probability, which expresses
conjecture or probability about a past condition, event, or action.
Compare these Spanish and English sentences.
Serían las once de la noche cuando Elvira me llamó.
It must have been (It was probably) 11 p.m. when Elvira called me.
Sonó el teléfono. ¿Llamaría Emilio para cancelar nuestra cita?
The phone rang. I wondered if it was Emilio calling to cancel our date.
17.1 The conditional
 Note that English conveys conjecture or probability with
phrases such as I wondered if, probably, and must have
been. In contrast, Spanish gets these same ideas across
with conditional forms.
17.1 The conditional
¡INTÉNTALO! Indica la forma apropiada del condicional de los
verbos que están entre paréntesis.
1. Yo ______ (escuchar, leer, vivir)
escucharía
leería
viviría
2. Tú ______ (aprender, comprender, compartir)
aprenderías
comprenderías
compartirías
17.1 The conditional
3. Marcos ______ (poner, venir, querer)
pondría
vendría
querría
4. Nosotras ______ (ser, saber, ir)
seríamos
sabríamos
iríamos
17.1 The conditional
5. Ustedes ______ (visitar, correr, preferir)
visitarían
correrían
preferirían
6. Ella ______ (salir, poder, hacer)
saldría
podría
haría
17.1 The conditional
7. Yo ______ (tener, tocar, jugar)
tendría
tocaría
jugaría
8. Tú ______ (decir, ver, querer)
dirías
verías
querrías