Transcript Introduction - Cheney USD 268

Continuing to...
Conquer
the
Comma
Modified from
A workshop brought to you by
the Purdue University Writing Lab
the
Dependent Clause
also known as
the
Subordinate Clause
Dependent/Subordinate
Clause...
contains a subject
and verb, but the
clause cannot
stand
independently
Dependent/Subordinate
Clause...
•
•
•
a clause is different from a phrase
a clause has a subject & a verb but
there’s a word added to it that
makes it not a sentence, so that’s
why it’s a clause
so now we have to quit defining
sentences as only having subjects
and verbs; it’s a sentence if it has
that AND can stand alone—that’s
why it is called an independent
clause
Dependent/Subordinate
Clause...
can often be
identified by
clause
markers
Some Common
Clause Markers
after1
before1
in order that
so that
what7
although
by the time
in the event that
than
when7
as2
even if
just in case
that5
whenever
as if
even though
now that
the first time that
where7
as long as
every time
once4
though4
whereas
as though
if
only if
till
whether or not
as soon as
if only
rather than
unless
while
because3
in case
since1
until6
why7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
These can also be used as a preposition or an adverb.
As can function as an adverb. Like and as are often confused. Like is never a conjunction; it most often a verb or a preposition.
Because of is a preposition.
These words can also be simple adverbs.
That can function as a demonstrative adjective or demonstrative pronoun. When used as a subordinating conjunction, it is often omitted. Example: I know that she is here.
These words can function as simple prepositions.
These words can function as interrogative pronouns to form a question.
Purpose
Dependent clauses
help to clarify &
add detail to
independent
clauses.
Dependent/Subordinate
Clause...
may appear at
the beginning,
middle, or end
of a sentence
Dependent Clause
at the
beginning of a sentence
place a comma between the
dependent clause & the
independent clause
in other words, AFTER the
intro clause
like this...
When Elizabeth called 911, the
firemen rushed to her rescue.
after
intro clause
clause
marker
subject
verb
When Elizabeth called 911, the
a
subject
verb
firemen rushed to her rescue.
Where would you place the comma
in the following example?
Since it was raining
we decided to go to
the movies.
AFTER the intro clause
clause
marker
sub. verb
sub.
Since it was raining, we
decided to go to the movies.
verb
Where would you place the
comma in the following
example?
Once the movie
began I fell
asleep.
AFTER the intro clause
clause
marker
subject
verb
subject
Once the movie began, I
fell asleep.
verb
Where would you
place the comma
in the following example?
After the movie ended we
went out for coffee.
Here
clause
marker
subject
verb
subject
After the movie ended, we
went out for coffee.
verb
Dependent Clause
in the
middle of a sentence
use a comma before and after the clause
Most 7th graders do not write using this complex of
a sentence, so if that happens, the teacher will
work 1-on-1 with the student regarding that.
It gets complicated with
essential &
nonessential clauses,
relative clauses, etc., so
just know the rules for
clauses that start or
end the sentences for
now.
Ironically, that underlined phrase
is kind of an example of using it
in the middle.
Dependent Clause
at the
end of the sentence
do not use a
comma
Dependent Clauses
I went on the
roller coaster
because my
brother dared me.
Dependent Clauses
S
DCM
V
I went on the roller
coaster because my
brother dared me.
S
V
But remember, if the clause is at
the start the of sentence, use a
comma.
Because my
brother dared me,
I went on the
roller coaster.
Dependent Clauses
I became very
sick when the
roller coaster
zoomed upside down.
Dependent
Clauses
S
DCM
V
I became very sick when
the roller coaster zoomed
Subject
upside down.
Verb
But remember, if the clause is at
the start the of sentence, use a
comma.
When the
roller coaster
zoomed upside down, I
became very sick.
Why no
comma?
The firemen rushed to her
rescue when Elizabeth called
911.
clause is at
the end of
sentence
The firemen rushed to her
rescue when Elizabeth called
911.
Is this correctly
punctuated? Why or
why not?
We went out for coffee
after the movie ended.
Yes, it’s correct...
Clause at end
We went out for coffee
after the movie ended.
Works
Cited
Check our web site:
http://owl.english.purdue.edu