Transcript Grammar Overview

Grammar Overview
Sentence Fragments, Colons,
Semicolons
Fragments
• What is a sentence fragment?
• An incomplete sentence that is punctuated like it
was a complete sentence.
Example: Yesterday, I went to the high
school. Voted for governor.
Fragments
• What makes a sentence fragment?
1. No subject
2. Has no complete predicate (something
about the subject)
3. A subordinate clause is punctuated
(dependent clause with subject and
predicate, but does not have a complete
thought)
• How can you correct a fragment?
Either by attaching it to a main clause or add
extra word to makes it a complete sentence.
Colons
• What is a colon?
• A (:) that is used to introduce a list, separate the hour
and minutes, and used after a greeting in a business
letter.
• However, DO NOT use a colon in a list if it follows
a verb or a preposition.
Example:
We need these ingredients: milk, eggs, and bread.
School starts at 7:20 A.M.
To Whom it May Concern:
Colons
• When can you use a colon?
• To introduce material that either illustrates, explains, or
restates the preceding material.
Example: The cause of the fire was obvious:
Children had been playing with lighters.
• To introduce a long or formal quotation.
Example: Patrick Henry, speaking before the
Virginia Convention, closed his speech with
these words: “Give me liberty or give me
death!”
Semicolons
• What is a semicolon?
• A (;) is a punctuation to join the main clauses of a
compound sentence. DO NOT use if a coordinating
conjunction is in a sentence; instead, use a
comma.
Example: Juliana will sing the melody;
Maurice and Lee will harmonize.
Semicolons
• When do you use a semicolon?
• Period Test: If the two independent clauses can be
separated with a period and be grammatically correct,
then a semicolon can be used.
Example: I love books; Stephen King is my favorite
author.
I love books. Stephen King is my favorite author.
Therefore:
I love books; Stephen King is my favorite author.
Practice
In your notebook, rewrite the following sentences by correcting any
errors in the use of colons and semicolons. This will be collected.
1. The marsupials of Australia include the following
koalas, bandicoots, and kangaroos.
2. My sister keeps her room very clean she’s a tidy
person.
3. I have lived in Chicago; Illinois for many years, my
sister has always lived in Texas.
4. My favorite subjects are these, English, history, and
art.
5. Mark never studied for tests, nonetheless; he got
good grades.
Practice- Answers
1. The marsupials of Australia include the
following: koalas, bandicoots, and kangaroos.
2. My sister keeps her room very clean; she’s a tidy
person.
3. I have lived in Chicago, Illinois for many years; my
sister has always lived in Texas.
4. My favorite subjects are these: English, history,
and art.
5. Mark never studied for tests; nonetheless, he got
good grades.
Practice
In your notebook, revise each fragments to be a complete sentence.
Add whatever words are necessary. This will be collected.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Driving down the road.
All of a sudden, a flat tire.
Must change it and get to school on time.
Unfortunately, rain coming down in torrents.
Beside the road on a flat, grassy area.
Practice- Answers
1. I was driving down the road.
2. When all of a sudden, I had a flat tire.
3. I must change it and get to school on time.
4. Unfortunately, the rain was coming down in
torrents.
5. Beside the road on a flat, grassy area there was
a place where I could park and change the tire.