E. Questions with
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Transcript E. Questions with
Grammar (ELCA 101)
Sections 1-7
Mrs. Amira Saleh
Outline: Section (1)
Sections (1,2)
A. Nouns:
a. Singular Nouns
1. Articles (definite/indefinite)
b. Plural Nouns:
1. Regular/ Irregular.
B. Pronouns:
a. Pronouns and verb to be
C. Adjectives:
a. Four types of Adjectives (Nationality Adj., etc)
D. Negativity:
a. Affirmative vs. Negative sentence.
E. Questions:
a. Yes/No questions
b. W/h questions
F. Prepositions.
Nouns
Singular Nouns:
We have to use articles with
singular nouns. (a/an/the)
Definite article (the)
Ex: I like the school.
Indefinite article (a/an)
Ex: I eat a banana (Use a before a
consonant)
He wants an umbrella ( Use an
before a vowel)
The Sounds of English
Consonants:
The consonant sounds are different from the vowel
sounds.
Vowel Sounds:
(a, e, i, o, u)
Articles: a/an
Before a consonant sound, we use (a). Ex: a boy
Before a vowel sound, we use (an). Ex: an ice.
Note: we care about sounds, not letters.
Horse: a horse
Hour: an hour
Regular plurals
Plural
NounNouns:
ending
1)Most
*Plurality means more than
consonants
one.
A boy (singular)___ boys
(plural)
Rule
1) +s
example
Books
2) +es
Buses
2)Specific
There
are regular
consonants
(s, and
plurals
ss, irregular
sh, ch and
x
3)Drop (y) and
3)Conosnant +y
add-ies
4)Vocal+y
4) Add –s
5)F
5) Change to –ves
Babies
Boys
Knives
Irregular plural
Irregular
plurals:
There is no particular rule.
So, we have to memorize them.
Ex:
a woman _____women
a child_______ children
a fish________ fish
“Marxismpronouns
& Literature”
Subject
as
We use subject pronouns to replace the noun
I, you, he, she ,it (singular)
We, you, they (plural)
Subject pronouns+ Verb to be
I am a student (Affirmative)
I am not a student (Negative)
Adjectives
Possessive
Adjectives
Nationality Adjectives Descriptive Demonstrative
Ex: I am Saudi
Adjectives
Adjectives
ex: He is cute.
ex: This is my pen
Ex: This is a pen.
Questions
W/h questions
ex: Where’s the flag?
Here’s the flag
Note: Where’s the girl? here’s the girl
Where is the girl? here is the girl
Yes/ No questions
Ex: is it a dollar?
Yes, It is.
W/H Question
When?
Where?
Who?
Why?
How?
What ?
Time
place
person
reason
Manner
Object/Idea/Action
Prepositions of place:
In/on/at/above/under/behind….etc.
Section (2)
Outline
A.
(It) to talk about weather
B. (It) to tell the time and the date.
C.
Questions with what, when. Prepositions of Time
D.
Statements with (there+ to be).
E.
Questions with (There+ to be)
F.
The Conjunctions.
G.
The simple past of to be
H.
The simple past of to be : Questions
Section (2)
It, There, and the
simple past of to be
We
To
Use the pronoun (it)
refer to
Things.
Ex: It is a cat.
to refer to weather
Ex: It is sunny.
(It) to talk about weather:
What’s the weather like? It is sunny.
It to talk about
Time and Date
What
time is it?
It is eleven minutes past ten.
What’s
the date today?
It is July 6th. (or it is the 6th of July).
When
is your birthday?
It is on Monday.
Prepositions of Time
A. (In):
1. Parts of the day (ex: in the morning)
2. Seasons (ex: in the summer)
3. Months (ex: in July).
4. Years ex: (in 1986).
B. (On)
1. Days (ex: on Sunday)
2. Dates (ex: on the 4th of July 1998)
C. (At)
we use it before a specific time (at 10:00 O'clock)
Before the word (night) (at night)
Statements with (There)
There + verb to be = something exists.
There is a book on the table. (Affirmative)
There is not a book on the table (Negative)
If the sentence is negative and plural, we have
to put (any) after verb to be.
There aren’t any books on the table.
.
Also, If the sentence is plural and we want to
form Yes/no Question out of it, we have to
use the word any.
Ex: Are there any eggs in the refrigerator?
No, there aren't any eggs in the
refrigerator.
Questions with How many?
How many restaurants (plural noun) are (to
be) there?
The conjunctions
(and, but, and or ):
The use of a comma: (2 sentences)
Ex: The food is good, and it is cheap.
We don’t use a comma:
1.
Descriptive Adjectives: (good and cheap)
2.
Two nouns: (Ahmed and Ali)
3.
Two prepositional phrases: (in the fridge and on the
table)
A phrase is “a group of words acting as a single part of
speech and not containing both a subject and a verb. It
is a part of a sentence, and does not express a
complete thought.
The simple Past of
to be: Affirmative and negative
Sentence: She is a doctor. (simple present)
She was a doctor. (simple past).
Was she a doctor? (Question)
I, he, she, it
You, we, they
Negative: She was (not) a doctor.
Time expressions:
Yesterday, four hours ago, last week, etc..
was
were
W/H questions:
Where were you born? I was born in Saudi.
Revision
Sections
Good
1,2.
luck!